Search results for "Mono"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Steering of a Sub-GeV electron beam through planar channeling enhanced by rechanneling

2014

We report the observation of efficient steering of a 855 MeV electron beam at MAMI (MAinzer MIkrotron) facilities by means of planar channeling and volume reflection in a bent silicon crystal. A $30.5\text{ }\text{ }\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$ thick plate of (211) oriented Si was bent to cause quasimosaic deformation of the (111) crystallographic planes, which were used for coherent interaction with the electron beam. The experimental results are analogous to those recorded some years ago at energy higher than 100 GeV, which is the only comparable study to date. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrated that rechanneling plays a considerable role in a particle's dynamics and hinders the spoiling…

electron beamEnergy rangesPlanar channelingBent molecular geometryGeneral Physics and AstronomyExtractionCrystallographic planeElectronX-ray sourcesCoherent interactionchanneling; electron beam; beam steerigbeam steerigMonocrystalline siliconPlanarNegative particlesA-particlesVolume reflectionCollimationPhysicsRange (particle radiation)Silicon crystalchannelingNegative particles; Bent crystals; Volume reflection; Deflection; Extraction; Collimation; A-particles; Coherent interaction; Crystallographic plane; Energy ranges; Planar channeling; Silicon crystal; X-ray sourcesReflection (mathematics)Cathode rayPhysics::Accelerator PhysicsAtomic physicsDeflectionBent crystalsEnergy (signal processing)
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Cancer Signaling Transcriptome Is Upregulated in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020

We aimed to explore the differences in the whole transcriptome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells between elderly individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D). We conducted a microarray-based transcriptome analysis of 19 individuals with T2D and 15 without. Differentially expressed genes according to linear models were submitted to the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis system to conduct a functional enrichment analysis. We established that diseases, biological functions, and canonical signaling pathways were significantly associated with T2D patients when their logarithms of Benjamini&ndash

endocrine system diseasesMicroarrayIntegrinT cellslcsh:Medicine030209 endocrinology & metabolismInflammationPeripheral blood mononuclear cellArticleDiabetis no-insulinodependentTranscriptome03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDownregulation and upregulationmedicinecancerNon-insulin-dependent diabetesCàncer030304 developmental biologyCancer0303 health sciencesbiologybusiness.industrylcsh:Rnutritional and metabolic diseasesGeneral Medicinesignaling pathwayschemistryCèl·lules TGuanosine diphosphateCancer researchbiology.proteintype 2 diabetesmedicine.symptomSignal transductionbusinesstranscriptomemicroarray
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Type II keratin cDNAs from the rainbow trout: implications for keratin evolution.

2002

From a teleost fish, the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, we have cloned and sequenced cDNAs encoding five different type II keratins. The corresponding protein spots, as separated by 2D-PAGE of trout cytoskeletal preparations, have been identified by peptide mass mapping using MALDI mass spectrometry. Three of the sequenced keratins are expressed in the epidermis (subtype IIe), and two in simple epithelia and mesenchymal cells (subtype IIs). The IIs keratins are both orthologs of human K8. This leaves unsequenced only the trace component S3 of the biochemically established trout keratin catalog. A phylogenetic tree has been constructed from a multiple alignment of the rod domains of the …

endocrine systemCancer Researchanimal structuresDNA ComplementaryMolecular Sequence Datamacromolecular substancesPeptide MappingType II keratinEvolution MolecularMesodermSpecies SpecificityAntibody SpecificityKeratinAnimalsHumansProtein IsoformsAmino Acid SequenceCloning MolecularMolecular BiologyZebrafishPhylogenyZebrafishchemistry.chemical_classificationGeneticsMammalsMultiple sequence alignmentintegumentary systembiologyPhylogenetic treeSequence Homology Amino AcidLampreyAntibodies MonoclonalLampreysEpithelial CellsCell Biologybiology.organism_classificationProtein Structure TertiaryTroutchemistryOrgan SpecificityOncorhynchus mykissSpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-IonizationSharksKeratinsRainbow troutEpidermisSequence AlignmentDevelopmental BiologyDifferentiation; research in biological diversity
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Developmental Abnormalities of the Thyroid

2010

Publisher Summary This chapter explores the abnormalities in the development of the thyroid gland during organogenesis referred to as thyroid dysgenesis. Permanent primary congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is mentioned to be the most common congenital endocrine disorder as estimated from systematic biochemical screening of newborns. The functional disorders of the thyroid gland are known as thyroid dyshormonogenesis and this disorder is typically inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and common in populations with a high degree of consanguinity. It briefly reviews the single gene disorders that cause CH from thyroid dysgenesis, and mutations that activate the thyrotropin receptor (TSH) re…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyGoiterendocrine system diseasesThyroidThyroid Transcription Factor 1BiologyGene mutationmedicine.diseaseThyroid dysgenesisCongenital hypothyroidismThyroid dyshormonogenesismedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicinePAX8
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Circadian rhythm and effects of light on cAMP content of the dwarf hamster suprachiasmatic nucleus

1998

The present study was conducted in the dwarf hamster (Phodopus sungorus) to investigate whether a circadian rhythm is present in the content of the second messenger cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP) in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the endogenous clock in mammals. In animals held under light/dark conditions (LD), we observed high levels at the end of the light phase and low levels during the night in frozen SCN punches. In animals held in continuous dark, a similar rhythm was seen although a second peak was present in the subjective day. In senile hamsters under LD, the decrease of cAMP levels at the light transition was not seen. These data, obtained for the first time from …

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyPhodopusPhotoperiodHamsterchemistry.chemical_compoundCricetinaeInternal medicineCyclic AMPmedicineAnimalsCyclic adenosine monophosphateCircadian rhythmbiologySuprachiasmatic nucleusGeneral Neurosciencebiology.organism_classificationAdenosineCircadian RhythmPhodopusEndocrinologychemistryLight effects on circadian rhythmHypothalamusSuprachiasmatic Nucleussense organsPhotic Stimulationmedicine.drugNeuroscience Letters
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Inhibition of TSH/IGF-1 Receptor Crosstalk by Teprotumumab as a Treatment Modality of Thyroid Eye Disease

2021

Abstract Context We previously presented evidence that TSH receptor (TSHR)-stimulating autoantibodies (TSAbs) bind to and activate TSHRs but do not bind to IGF1 receptors (IGF1Rs). Nevertheless, we showed that IGF1Rs were involved in thyroid eye disease (TED) pathogenesis because TSAbs activated crosstalk between TSHR and IGF1R. Teprotumumab, originally generated to inhibit IGF1 binding to IGF1R, was recently approved for the treatment of TED (Tepezza). Objective To investigate the role of TSHR/IGF1R crosstalk in teprotumumab treatment of TED. Design We used orbital fibroblasts from patients with TED (TEDOFs) and measured stimulated hyaluronan (HA) secretion as a measure of orbital fibrobla…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismClinical BiochemistryThyrotropinStimulationContext (language use)Antibodies Monoclonal HumanizedBiochemistryReceptor IGF Type 1EndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineHumansHyaluronic AcidOnline Only ArticlesReceptorFibroblastInsulin-like growth factor 1 receptorGene knockdownTeprotumumabChemistryBiochemistry (medical)Receptors Thyrotropineye diseasesGraves Ophthalmopathybody regionsCrosstalk (biology)Endocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structuremedicine.drugThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
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Clinical Relevance of Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulins in Graves' Ophthalmopathy

2011

Purpose Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) likely mediate Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO). The clinical relevance of these functional autoantibodies was assessed in GO. Design Cross-sectional trial. Participants A total of 108 untreated patients with GO. Methods Thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins, assessed with a novel bioassay, bind to the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and transmit signals for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent activation of luciferase gene expression. The cAMP/cAMP response element-binding protein/cAMP-regulatory element complex induces luciferase that is quantified after cell lysis. The TSI levels were correlated with activity and severity of GO and compa…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyendocrine system diseasesbiologybusiness.industryGraves' diseaseAutoantibodymedicine.diseaseThyrotropin receptorGraves' ophthalmopathyOphthalmologychemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologychemistryInternal medicineImmunopathologyImmunologymedicinebiology.proteinThyroid Stimulating ImmunoglobulinCyclic adenosine monophosphateAntibodybusinessOphthalmology
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Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) Is a Modulator of Human Luteal Cell Steroidogenesis: Localization of the IL Type I System in the Corpus Luteum1

1999

The present investigation examined the effect of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) on progesterone production by human luteal cells and the expression and localization of the IL-1 system in the human corpus luteum (CL). Luteal cells were isolated from corpora lutea collected throughout the luteal phase. After dispersion, luteal cells were treated with a panel of monoclonal antibodies directed to leukocyte-specific molecules. The leukocytes were isolated with immunomagnetic beads. Leukocyte-free luteal cells exhibited greater steroidogenic responsiveness to hCG toward the end of the luteal phase. The treatment of mixed luteal cells (total luteal cells) with IL-1beta inhibited by 60% hCG-stimulate…

endocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.drug_classEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentClinical BiochemistryLuteal phaseMonoclonal antibodyBiochemistryEndocrinologyImmune systemInternal medicinemedicineReceptorreproductive and urinary physiologybiologyurogenital systemBiochemistry (medical)medicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyCytokineCell culturebiology.proteinAntibodyCorpus luteumhormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsThe Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
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Enhancement of Hydrolysis through the Formation of Mixed Heterometal Species: Al3+/CH3Sn3+ Mixtures

2013

ABSTRACT: The hydrolysis of mixed-metal cations (Al3+/CH3Sn3+) was studied in aqueous solutions of NaNO3, at I = 1.00 ± 0.05 mol·dm−3 and T = 298.15 K, by potentiometric technique. Several hydrolytic mixed species are formed in this mixed system, namely, Alp(CH3Sn)q(OH)r with (p, q, r) = (1, 1, 4), (1, 1, 5), (1, 1, 6), (2, 1, 4), (1, 2, 5), (1, 4, 11), (1, 3, 8), and (7, 6, 32). The stability of these species, expressed by the equilibrium: pAl3+ + qCH3Sn3+ + rOH− = Alp(CH3Sn)q(OH)r 3(p+q)−r, βpqr OH, can be modeled by the empirical relationship: log βpqr OH = −3.34 + 2.67p + 9.23(q + r). By using the equilibrium constant Xpqr relative to the formation reaction: pAl(p+q)(OH)r + q(CH3Sn)(p+q…

equilibrium analysiequilibrium analysis; mixed hydrolysis of metal ions; aluminium(III); monomethyltin(IV)monomethyltin(IV)Aqueous solutionChemistryStereochemistryGeneral Chemical EngineeringPotentiometric titrationEmpirical relationships Formation reaction Mixed species Mixed systems Potentiometric techniqueGeneral ChemistryPotentiometric techniqueMedicinal chemistryTurn (biochemistry)HydrolysisMixed systemsMixed speciesMixed systemsMixed speciesEmpirical relationshipsSettore CHIM/01 - Chimica AnaliticaSolubilityaluminium(III)mixed hydrolysis of metal ionFormation reactionEquilibrium constantJournal of Chemical & Engineering Data
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Convergence of dynamic programming principles for the $p$-Laplacian

2018

We provide a unified strategy to show that solutions of dynamic programming principles associated to the $p$-Laplacian converge to the solution of the corresponding Dirichlet problem. Our approach includes all previously known cases for continuous and discrete dynamic programming principles, provides new results, and gives a convergence proof free of probability arguments.

equivalent notions of solutions01 natural sciencesMathematics - Analysis of PDEsnumerical methodsConvergence (routing)FOS: MathematicsApplied mathematicsgeneralized viscosity solutiondiscrete approximationsMathematics - Numerical Analysis0101 mathematicsGeometry and topologyDirichlet problemMathematicsviscosity solutionosittaisdifferentiaaliyhtälötDirichlet problemasymptotic mean value propertiesconvergencenumeeriset menetelmätApplied Mathematics010102 general mathematicsNumerical Analysis (math.NA)dynamic programming principle010101 applied mathematicsDynamic programmingp-Laplacianmonotone approximationsapproksimointiAnalysisAnalysis of PDEs (math.AP)
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