Search results for "Monocytes"
showing 10 items of 286 documents
Activation and translocation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase after stimulation of monocytes with contact sensitizers.
2002
Recently we described the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation by contact sensitizers as an early molecular event during the activation of antigen- presenting cells. In this study, the role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase for the activation of human monocytes after exposure to four structurally unrelated contact sensitizers was analyzed in comparison with the irritant benzalkonium chloride and an inductor of oxidative stress (H 2 O 2 ) using immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Bio chemical analysis revealed a translocation of p38 from the cytoplasm to the detergent-resistant cell fraction only upon stimulation with contact sen…
Induction of DNA single-strand breaks by 131I and 99mTc in human mononuclear blood cells in vitro and extrapolation to the in vivo situation.
2000
The radionuclides (131)I and (99m)Tc are frequently used for therapy of benign and malignant thyroid disease ((131)I) and for diagnosis of thyroid and other diseases ((99m)Tc). However, the levels of DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) induced in cells of patients after administration of (131)I and (99m)Tc are not known. In this study, we measured the number of SSBs per cell induced by (131)I and (99m)Tc in vitro, extrapolated the results to the clinical situation, and assessed their biological relevance by comparing levels of SSBs induced after therapeutic administration of (131)I and (99m)Tc to those induced by endogenous processes or by occupational exposure to genotoxic substances. A linear…
Traditionally used Thai medicinal plants: in vitro anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant activities.
2009
In order to assess traditional Thai claims about the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and to select plants for future phytochemical research, nine plant species with anti-inflammatory uses were selected from Thai textbooks and assessed for their in vitro anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antioxidant activities.Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) inhibitory effects in stably transfected HeLa cells were determined by luciferase assay, and effects on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha in primary monocytes were assessed by ELISA. Cytotoxic activities were examined against HeLa cells, h…
The pyrrole moiety as a template for COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors
2000
Aroyl- and thiophene-substituted pyrrole derivatives have been synthesized as a new class of COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors. The inhibition of COX-1 was evaluated in a biological system using bovine PMNLs as the enzyme source, whereas LPS-stimulated human monocytes served as the enzyme source for inducible COX-2. The determination of the concentration of arachidonic acid metabolites was performed by HPLC for COX-1 and RIA for COX-2. Variation of the substitution pattern led to a series of active compounds which showed inhibition for COX-1 and COX-2. Structural requirements for the development of COX-1/COX-2 inhibitors are discussed.
Role of Myeloid-Epithelial-Reproductive Tyrosine Kinase and Macrophage Polarization in the Progression of Atherosclerotic Lesions Associated With Non…
2019
Recent lines of evidence highlight the involvement of myeloid-epithelial-reproductive tyrosine kinase (MerTK) in metabolic disease associated with liver damage. MerTK is mainly expressed in anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages where it mediates transcriptional changes including suppression of proinflammatory cytokines and enhancement of inflammatory repressors. MerTK is regulated by metabolic pathways through nuclear sensors including LXRs, PPARs, and RXRs, in response to apoptotic bodies or to other sources of cholesterol. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most serious public health problems worldwide. It is a clinicopathological syndrome closely related to obesity, insuli…
Therapeutic administration of 3,4,5-trimethoxy-4'-fluorochalcone, a selective inhibitor of iNOS expression, attenuates the development of adjuvant-in…
2003
We have previously investigated the effects of a series of dimethoxy- and trimethoxychalcone derivatives, with various patterns of fluorination, on nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated murine RAW 264.7. The present study was designed to determine if 3,4,5-trimethoxy-4'-fluorochalcone (CH 17) could modulate the production of NO and/or prostaglandins in vivo. On the mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 CH 17 inhibited dose-dependently NO production, with an IC(50) value in the nanomolar range, and reduced PGE(2) levels by a 58% at 10 microM. This compound had no direct inhibitory effect on iNOS and COX-2 activities. NO reduction was the consequence of inhibition of the expression of iNOS…
Monocyte distribution width kinetic after surgery
2022
Not available
Importance of Factors H and I for the Adherence of C3b-Coated Erythrocytes to Cells
1983
Abstract The role of cell membrane-associated human factor H for the binding of cell-bound Cab to complement receptor-carrying (CR + ) cells was investigated. Pretreatment of CR + cells with antibodies to factor H inhibited the adherence of Cab-coated red cells to human tonsil lymphocytes (TL) and peripheral blood monocytes (Mo). The Cab receptor reactivity of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN) was not influenced and the one of Raji lymphoblastoid cells only slightly influenced; iC3b and Cad receptor reactivity was in no case affected. When diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) in a concentration of 0.1 mM was present during pretreatment of the CR + cells with anti H, the antibodies gained…
A role for caspases in the differentiation of erythroid cells and macrophages
2007
Several cysteine proteases of the caspase family play a central role in many forms of cell death by apoptosis. Other enzymes of the family are involved in cytokine maturation along inflammatory response. In recent years, several caspases involved in cell death were shown to play a role in other cellular processes such as proliferation and differentiation. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of caspases in the differentiation of erythroid cells and macrophages. Based on these two examples, we show that the nature of involved enzymes, the pathways leading to their activation in response to specific growth factors, and the specificity of the target proteins th…
ALS monocyte-derived microglia-like cells reveal cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation, DNA damage, and cell-specific impairment of phagocytosis associated…
2022
Abstract Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease characterised by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons. Increasing evidence indicates that neuroinflammation mediated by microglia contributes to ALS pathogenesis. This microglial activation is evident in post-mortem brain tissues and neuroimaging data from patients with ALS. However, the role of microglia in the pathogenesis and progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis remains unclear, partly due to the lack of a model system that is able to faithfully recapitulate the clinical pathology of ALS. To address this shortcoming, we describe an approach that generates monocyte-derived mi…