Search results for "Mononuclear"
showing 10 items of 438 documents
Dynamic deformation of migratory efferent lymph-derived cells ?trapped? in the inflammatory microcirculation
2002
The cellular immune response depends on the delivery of lymphocytes from the lymph node to the peripheral site of antigenic challenge. During their passage through the inflammatory microcirculaton, the migratory cells can become transiently immobilized or "trapped" in small caliber vessels. In this report, we used intravital microscopy and temporal area mapping to define the dynamic deformation of efferent lymph-derived mononuclear cells trapped in the systemic inflammatory microcirculation. Mononuclear cells obtained from the efferent lymph draining the oxazolone-stimulated microcirculation were labeled with fluorescent dye and reinjected into the feeding arterial circulation. Intravital v…
Characterization of cells with different mitochondrial membrane potential during apoptosis.
2005
Background Until now, the simultaneous analysis of several parameters during apoptosis, including DNA content and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), has not been possible because of the spectral characteristics of the commonly used dyes. Using polychromatic flow cytometry based upon multiple laser and UV lamp excitation, we have characterized cells with different ΔΨ during apoptosis. Methods U937 cells were treated with the flavonoid quercetin (Qu) and stained with JC-1 to detect ΔΨ, propidium iodide (PI) for cell viability, Hoechst 33342 for DNA content, Annexin V conjugated with Alexa Fluor-647 for detection of phosphatidilserine (PS) exposure, marker of early apoptosis, or Mitotracke…
B7/CD28 costimulation of T cells induces a distinct proteome pattern.
2005
Effective immune strategies for the eradication of human tumors require a detailed understanding of the interaction of tumor cells with the immune system, which might lead to an optimization of T cell responses. To understand the impact of B7-mediated costimulation on T cell activation comprehensive proteome analysis of B7-primed T cell populations were performed. Using this approach we identified different classes of proteins in T cells whose expression is either elevated or reduced upon B7-1- or B7-2-mediated CD28 costimulation. The altered proteins include regulators of the cell cycle and cell proliferation, signal transducers, components of the antigen processing machinery, transporters…
On the rearrangement of some Z-arylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-5-phenylisoxazoles into 2-aryl-4-phenacyl-2H-1,2,3-triazoles: a kinetic study of the subst…
2015
Abstract The rearrangement of eight new Z -arylhydrazones of 3-benzoyl-5-phenylisoxazoles ( 3d – k ) into the relevant 2-aryl-4-phenacyl-2 H -1,2,3-triazoles ( 4d – k ) in dioxane/water solution at different proton concentrations has been quantitatively studied in a wide temperature range (293–333 K). The data collected together with some our previous ones on compounds 3a – c have allowed a deep study of the substituent effects on the course of the rearrangement, thus increasing our knowledge on the Boulton–Katritzky reactions in isoxazole derivatives and on the temperature effects on free energy relationships.
Soot-exposed mononuclear cells increase inflammatory cytokine mRNA expression and protein secretion in cocultured bronchial epithelial cells.
2000
<i>Background:</i> Soot particles are air pollutants capable of inducing airway and lung parenchymal injury. Mononuclear and bronchial epithelial cells are central to the maintenance of homeostasis and inflammation in the airways. <i>Objectives:</i> The aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of mononuclear cells to the release of inflammatory mediators by bronchial epithelial cells. <i>Methods:</i> To model the in vivo situation, an in vitro system of cocultured blood monocytes and BEAS-2B cells was established in a transwell system. Blood monocytes were exposed to soot particles (FR 101) at concentrations of up to 100 μg/10<sup>6</su…
Indoor air pollutants stimulate interleukin-8-specific mRNA expression and protein secretion of alveolar macrophages.
1998
Indoor air pollutants may cause inflammatory changes of the airways and adjacent pulmonary tissue. After phagocytosis of inhaled particles alveolar macrophages (AM) release chemotactic mediators capable of attracting inflammatory cells into the lung tissue. To evaluate these mechanisms further peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) and human AM (freshly recovered from the lower respiratory tract) were exposed to the indoor particles Soot FR 101 and Printex 90, the asbestos fiber Chrysotile B, and titanium dioxide (TiO2) at concentrations of 10 or 50 microg/10(6) cells for up to 8 h. The migration of granulocytes into the conditioned supernatants of AM and PBMNC was quantified by chemota…
Lung-restricted activation of the alveolar macrophage/monocyte system in pulmonary sarcoidosis.
1992
An activation of T-cells that is restricted to the lung has been demonstrated in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The role of blood monocytes (MO) and alveolar macrophages (AM) in this concept of compartmentalized inflammation has not yet been evaluated. In order to elucidate this question, we measured the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) and AM in 43 patients with sarcoidosis (32 with active, 11 with inactive disease) without therapy and correlated the spontaneous monokine release to parameters of the T-cell alveolitis and the course of the disease. TNF alpha as well as IL-1 were spontaneously released by AM of …
Theophylline suppresses the release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha by blood monocytes and alveolar macrophages.
1994
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of theophylline on tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release by human blood monocytes (BMo), and rat BMo and alveolar macrophages (AM). BMo and AM were incubated in the absence or presence of theophylline, and the cell-free supernatants were harvested and tested for TNF-alpha activity by bioassay. Theophylline dose-dependently reduced TNF-alpha release by human BMo: significant inhibition was observed at 100 microns (41 +/- 5.9% of controls) and at 50 microns (59 +/- 4.8% of controls), while the inhibitory activity of theophylline at 10 microns (71 +/- 8.9% of controls) was not statistically significant. This activity was maximal a…
Mononuclear Cells in Exudative Malignant Pleural Effusions
1994
The aims of this study were to develop a methodology for the isolation of highly enriched mononuclear phagocyte populations from exudative malignant pleural effusions (EMPE) and to characterize the phenotype and functional properties of these cells. Pleural effusion mononuclear cells (PEMC) were isolated by Ficoll centrifugation of EMPE and transudative pleural effusions and allowed to adhere to plastic for 1 h to obtain a pleural effusion mononuclear adherent cell (PEMAC) fraction. Only 66.0±4.2 percent of PEMAC ingested latex particles, indicating that a significant proportion of PEMAC were not phagocytic cells. Latex-positive PEMAC had the morphologic appearance of macrophages and staine…
Critical role of fractalkine (CX3CL1) in cigarette smoke-induced mononuclear cell adhesion to the arterial endothelium.
2012
Background Cigarette smoking is an important risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, yet the pathways through which this may operate are poorly understood. Therefore, the mechanism underlying cigarette smoke (CS)-induced arterial endothelial dysfunction and the potential link with fractalkine/CX3CL1 upregulation were investigated. Methods and results Stimulation of human arterial umbilical endothelial cells (HUAECs) with pathophysiological concentrations of CS extract (1% CSE) increased CX3CL1 expression. Neutralisation of CX3CL1 activity under dynamic flow conditions significantly inhibited CSE-induced mononuclear cell adhesion to HUAECs (67%). The use of small interferi…