Search results for "Moth"

Chemopreventive Property of Sencha Tea Extracts towards Sensitive and Multidrug-Resistant Leukemia and Multiple Myeloma Cells

2020

The popular beverage green tea possesses chemopreventive activity against various types of tumors. However, the effects of its chemopreventive effect on hematological malignancies have not been defined. In the present study, we evaluated antitumor efficacies of a specific green tea, sencha tea, on sensitive and multidrug-resistant leukemia and a panel of nine multiple myelomas (MM) cell lines. We found that sencha extracts induced cytotoxicity in leukemic cells and MM cells to different extents, yet its effect on normal cells was limited. Furthermore, sencha extracts caused G2/M and G0/G1 phase arrest during cell cycle progression in CCRF/CEM and KMS-12-BM cells, respectively. Specifically,…

Physiological concentrations of phytosterols enhance the apoptotic effects of 5-fluorouracil in colon cancer cells

2018

Abstract Combining natural products as co-adjuvants in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) chemotherapy might enhance the effectiveness of 5-FU by avoiding a high dosage and/or reducing treatment times. We explored the anticancer efficacy of the phytosterols (PS) at concentrations achievable in the human colon, as well as their potential as sensitizing agents of human colon cancer cells (Caco-2 and HT-29) to 5-FU treatment. Cells proliferation, combination index, cell cycle, apoptosis, caspases activation, ROS production, and ΔΨm were determined. Co-treatment (PS+5-FU) had an antiproliferative additive effect, and moreover, in general a significantly improved efficacy was observed on cell cycle arrest at…

Cyclic pentapeptide cRGDfK enhances the inhibitory effect of sunitinib on TGF-β1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human non-small cell…

2020

AbstractIn human lung cancer progression, the EMT process is characterized by the transformation of cancer cells into invasive forms that migrate to other organs. Targeting to EMT-related molecules is emerging as a novel therapeutic approach for the prevention of lung cancer cell migration and invasion. Traf2- and Nck-interacting kinase (TNIK) has recently been considered as an anti-proliferative target molecule to regulate the Wnt signaling pathway in several types of cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated the inhibitory effect of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib and the integrin-αVβ3targeted cyclic peptide (cRGDfK) on EMT in human lung cancer cells. Sunitinib strongly inhib…

Direct estrogen receptor (ER) / HER family crosstalk mediating sensitivity to lumretuzumab and pertuzumab in ER+ breast cancer.

2017

Bidirectional cross talk between members of the human epidermal growth factor family of receptors (HER) and the estrogen receptor (ER) is believed to underlie resistance mechanisms that develop in response to treatment with anti-HER agents and endocrine therapy. We investigated the interaction between HER2, HER3 and the ER in vitro using human embryonic kidney cells transfected with human HER2, HER3, and ERα. We also investigated the additive efficacy of combination regimens consisting of anti-HER3 (lumretuzumab), anti-HER2 (pertuzumab), and endocrine (fulvestrant) therapy in vivo. Our data show that both HER2 and HER3 can directly complex with the ER and can mediate phosphorylation of the …

Gene expression profiles uncover individual identities of gnathal neuroblasts and serial homologies in the embryonic CNS of Drosophila.

2015

The numbers and types of progeny cells generated by neural stem cells in the developing CNS are adapted to its region-specific functional requirements. In Drosophila, segmental units of the CNS develop from well-defined patterns of neuroblasts. Here we constructed comprehensive neuroblast maps for the three gnathal head segments. Based on the spatiotemporal pattern of neuroblast formation and the expression profiles of 46 marker genes (41 transcription factors), each neuroblast can be uniquely identified. Compared with the thoracic ground state, neuroblast numbers are progressively reduced in labial, maxillary and mandibular segments due to smaller sizes of neuroectodermal anlagen and, part…

Natural Compounds: Molecular Weapons against Leukemia’s

2017

Nowadays cancer is one of the main reasons of death all over the world and it is estimated that deaths caused by cancer will grow dramatically in the next decades. Even if chemotherapy is the election therapy for solid tumors, as well as leukemias and lymphomas, cancer treatments are in continuous evolution trying to solve the problem of resistance mainly due to low accumulation of the drug in tumor cells (MDR). Natural compounds represent a valid alternative to treat several disease and recently the scientific community focus on these natural compounds and plant metabolites with therapeutic activities and low toxicities compared with synthetic ones. A combination therapy, that join convent…

2020

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) have shown their superiority over conventional therapies to treat some cancers. ICPi are effective against immunogenic tumors. However, patients with tumors poorly infiltrated with immune cells do not respond to ICPi. Combining ICPi with other anticancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiation, or vaccines, which can stimulate the immune system and recruit antitumor T cells into the tumor bed, may be a relevant strategy to increase the proportion of responding patients. Such an approach still raises the following questions: What are the immunological features modulated by immunogenic therapies that can be critical to ensure not only immediate but also l…

2018

Background: Chemotherapy is currently evaluated in order to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms by which these drugs could...

<p>Chemotherapy of Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Cell Carcinoma: Monocentric Real-Life Data</p>

2020

Background/Aim Up to 30% of all patients will present with an advanced or a metastatic stage (mUCC) at the moment of the initial diagnosis of urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder (UCC). We investigated the numbers, the efficacy and toxicity of different chemotherapies for mUCC in daily practice and "real-life" conditions and evaluated them substance-specifically. Patients and Methods All patients with a mUCC, who were treated between January 1, 2006 and October 31, 2016 at the Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology at University Hospital Marburg (Germany), were retrospectively analyzed. We set the focus on demographic and tumor-specific data as well as on effectiveness, therapy seq…

Stem cell functionality is microenvironmentally defined during tumour expansion and therapy response in colon cancer

2018

Solid malignancies have been speculated to depend on cancer stem cells (CSCs) for expansion and relapse after therapy. Here we report on quantitative analyses of lineage tracing data from primary colon cancer xenograft tissue to assess CSC functionality in a human solid malignancy. The temporally obtained clone size distribution data support a model in which stem cell function in established cancers is not intrinsically, but is entirely spatiotemporally orchestrated. Functional stem cells that drive tumour expansion predominantly reside at the tumour edge, close to cancer-associated fibroblasts. Hence, stem cell properties change in time depending on the cell location. Furthermore, although…