Search results for "Motivation"
showing 10 items of 917 documents
Chronic Distress in Male Mice Impairs Motivation Compromising Both Effort and Reward Processing With Altered Anterior Insular Cortex and Basolateral …
2021
AbstractIn humans and mammals, effort-based decision-making for monetary or food rewards paradigms contribute to the study of adaptive goal-directed behaviours acquired through reinforcement learning. Chronic distress modelled by repeated exposure to glucocorticoids in rodents induces suboptimal decision-making under uncertainty by impinging on instrumental acquisition and prompting negative valence behaviours. In order to further disentangle the motivational tenets of adaptive decision-making, this study addressed the consequences of enduring distress on relevant effort and reward processing dimensions. Experimentally, appetitive and consummatory components of motivation were evaluated in …
Testing Motivacional theories in Music Education: the role of Effort and Gratitude
2019
Acquiring musical skills requires sustained effort over long periods of time. This work aims to explore the variables involved in sustaining motivation in music students, including perceptions about one’s own skills, satisfaction with achievements, effort, the importance of music in one’s life, and perception of the sacrifice made. Two models were developed in which the variable of gratitude was included to integrate positive psychology into the motivational area of music education. The first predicts effort, while the second predicts gratitude. The models were tested using a sample of 84 music students. Both models were fitted using Bayesian analysis techniques to examine the relationship …
The Mechanisms of Control, Affiliation and Self-expression
2016
The main theme in this chapter centres on the conceptual difference between psychological processes and the underlying mechanisms that propel these processes. The chapter starts with a brief historical overview and recognises the existence of the one single mechanism that throughout the past has repeatedly tended to rise to the surface, admittedly in different forms. This mechanism is called balanced dual tension. The chapter further includes a discussion on the possibility that there are distinct kinds of balanced dual tension that are characteristic for each of the three previously mentioned motivational systems. It ends with a summary of the arguments and suggests that further analyses o…
Agility activities for children in a municipality in Norway.
2015
The aim of this study was to investigate whether agility activity with dogs can be used to motivate less active children in physical activity and how such activity is experienced by parents and handlers. Data were collected through qualitative interviews with handlers and parents of the participating children. Agility with dogs appeared to motivate less active children to participate in, and endure, demanding physical activity. Joy and bonding with the dog appeared to be key elements in the motivational process. Motivation, initiation, and sustainment of activity over time are beneficial for children.
Goalkeeper: A Zero-Sum Exergame for Motivating Physical Activity
2021
Incentives and peer competition have so far been employed independently for increasing physical activity. In this paper, we introduce Goalkeeper, a mobile application that utilizes deposit contracts for motivating physical activity in group settings. Goalkeeper enables one to set up a physical exercise challenge with a group of peers that deposit a fixed amount of money for participating. If a peer fails to complete the challenge, Goalkeeper redistributes their deposit to those who managed to complete it (i.e., zero-sum game). We evaluated the potential of Goalkeeper in increasing physical activity with a total of 50 participants over the course of 2 months. Our findings suggest that deposi…
Goal Setting and Monetary Incentives: When Large Stakes Are Not Enough
2012
The aim of this paper is to test the effectiveness of wage-irrelevant goal setting policies in a laboratory environment. In our design, managers can assign a goal to their workers by setting a certain level of performance on the work task. We establish our theoretical conjectures by developing a model in which assigned goals act as reference points to workers’ intrinsic motivation. Consistent with our model, we find that managers set goals which are challenging but attainable for an average-ability worker. Workers respond to these goals by increasing effort, performance and by decreasing on-the-job leisure activities with respect to the no-goal setting baseline. Finally, we study the intera…
Impacts of Emotional Intelligence and Leadership on Motivation in the German Hotel Industry
2016
This paper aims to clarify the role of leadership and emotional intelligence in the motivational process of employees in the hotel industry. A review of relevant literature is done before a tentative model is presented to experts from the fields of leadership, emotional intelligence and the hotel industry to get their view on the constructed relations. After having been approved by the experts, the model has been tested with structuring equation modelling (SEM) based on a quantitative research among employees and leaders of the hotel industry in Germany. The positive relation among leadership and motivation as well as the moderating effect of emotional intelligence could be substantiated.
Some Considerations Regarding the Role and Importance of Talent Management
2018
The fact that human resources are an indispensable, vital resource, is unanimously accepted. Human resources enhance, improve the other resources and stand at the origin of all the performances of the company, of the achievement of its mission and goals. Every organization needs the right and talented people, specialists. Not only does an individual’s talent matter, it makes a difference. It is what grants more value to the company. Successful organizations are the ones that know how to find talented people, how to attract them, how to keep them and, particularly, how to enhance their talents.
The Factors Influencing Academic Affairs Services Management at the National University of Laos and Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania
2013
This research aims are to investigate the attitude levels of staff's and students' on the motivation, effectiveness towards the academic affairs services management at the faculty of Economics and Business Management, DongDok campus in the National University of Laos, and the faculty of Economic Sciences and faculty of Sciences, Sibiu campus in Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania. There were 220 participants, five groups; presidents, deans, heads of departments, lecturers and students. The five-point Likert scale rating questionnaires were used to collect data. The SPSS version 20 was used to perform the needed analysis for reaching the proposed aims. In this regard, univariate and bi…
Experiencia sobre la utilización de un mix de metodologías docentes en la educación universitaria de la contabilidad
2012
En este trabajo se analiza la introducción de nuevas metodologías docentes a título experimental en un curso de contabilidad financiera. Las nuevas técnicas empleadas en clase han sido de varios tipos: mapas conceptuales, crucigramas, técnica del "puzzle" o aprendizaje cooperativo y test on-line, entre otras. Concretamente, se analiza la mejora en el rendimiento de los estudiantes mediante la comparación con resultados de otros años. Así mismo, se estudia el grado de satisfacción de los estudiantes con las nuevas herramientas docentes empleadas. Se analiza si mejora el nivel de motivación por una mayor comprensión de los contenidos, por un mayor número de horas de estudio a lo largo del per…