Search results for "Motor act"
showing 10 items of 495 documents
Functional Inactivation of the Genome-Wide Association Study Obesity Gene Neuronal Growth Regulator 1 in Mice Causes a Body Mass Phenotype
2012
To date, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified at least 32 novel loci for obesity and body mass-related traits. However, the causal genetic variant and molecular mechanisms of specific susceptibility genes in relation to obesity are yet to be fully confirmed and characterised. Here, we examined whether the candidate gene NEGR1 encoding the neuronal growth regulator 1, also termed neurotractin or Kilon, accounts for the obesity association. To characterise the function of NEGR1 for body weight control in vivo, we generated two novel mutant mouse lines, including a constitutive NEGR1-deficient mouse line as well as an ENU-mutagenised line carrying a loss-of-function mutation …
Genetic dissection of the role of cannabinoid type-1 receptors in the emotional consequences of repeated social stress in mice.
2012
International audience; The endocannabinoid system (ECS) tightly controls emotional responses to acute aversive stimuli. Repeated stress alters ECS activity but the role played by the ECS in the emotional consequences of repeated stress has not been investigated in detail. This study used social defeat stress, together with pharmacology and genetics to examine the role of cannabinoid type-1 (CB(1)) receptors on repeated stress-induced emotional alterations. Seven daily social defeat sessions increased water (but not food) intake, sucrose preference, anxiety, cued fear expression, and adrenal weight in C57BL/6N mice. The first and the last social stress sessions triggered immediate brain reg…
A Multiomics Study To Unravel the Effects of Developmental Exposure to Endosulfan in Rats: Molecular Explanation for Sex-Dependent Effects
2019
Exposure to low levels of environmental contaminants, including pesticides, induces neurodevelopmental toxicity. Environmental and food contaminants can reach the brain of the fetus, affecting brain development and leading to neurological dysfunction. The pesticide endosulfan is a persistent pollutant, and significant levels still remain detectable in the environment although its use is banned in some countries. In rats, endosulfan exposure during brain development alters motor activity, coordination, learning, and memory, even several months after uptake, and does so in a sex-dependent way. However, the molecular mechanisms driving these effects have not been studied in detail. In this wor…
Predicting how equipotent doses of chlorpromazine, haloperidol, sulpiride, raclopride and clozapine reduce locomotor activity in mice
2000
Distinguishing the specific effects of neuroleptics on one particular behaviour from its non-specific effects on motility is not easy. In this study, the effects of five neuroleptics on spontaneous motor activity were compared and the ED(50) values of these drugs to impair activity were calculated. Male and female mice were evaluated in an actimeter or in a shuttle-box used as an open field after the administration of chlorpromazine (0.4, 1.2, 3.6 mg/kg), haloperidol (0.1, 0.3, 0.9 mg/kg), raclopride (0.1, 0.3, 0.9 mg/kg), sulpiride (10, 30, 90 mg/kg) and clozapine (0.4, 1.2, 3.6 mg/kg), and two automatic and two observational activity measures were obtained. A very high correlation between…
The Higher the Dose, the Greater the Sex Differences in Escape–Avoidance Response in Mice After Acute Administration of Haloperidol
1998
Abstract MONLEON, S. AND A. PARRA. The higher the dose, the greater the sex differences in escape–avoidance response in mice after acute administration of haloperidol . PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BEHAV 60 (1) 279–284, 1998.—Sex differences in the effects of haloperidol in the escape–avoidance response have previously been found in various studies carried out in our laboratory in which mice were used as experimental subjects. Males were more affected than females by the disruptive effects of this neuroleptic of frequent clinical use. In the present work these sex differences were evaluated in a unique training session using several doses of the drug (0.075, 0.25, and 0.75 mg/kg IP). The number of avo…
Interaction of morphine and haloperidol on agonistic and motor behaviors of male mice.
1997
To further clarify the interaction between opioid and dopaminergic systems, the effects of simultaneous administration of morphine hydrochloride (1.25 or 2.5 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg) on aggressive behavior of male mice were explored. Isolated male mice (experimental animals) were confronted in a neutral area with anosmic, group-housed consepecifics (standard opponents) 30 min after injection of both compounds, and aggression was evaluated by estimation of times allocated to 11 different behavioral categories. In the first experiment (which functioned as a pilot study), the two doses of morphine were explored. In the second one, incorporating a more complete experimental design, on…
Gender differences in escape-avoidance behavior of mice after haloperidol administration.
1993
Gender differences in the disruptive effects of haloperidol on some reinforced behaviors have been observed in different species. However, the inhibitory action of haloperidol on the acquisition and performance of escape-avoidance behavior has only been investigated in male subjects. The present experiment was designed to investigate possible gender differences in the effects of haloperidol on the initial phase of an escape-avoidance learning task. Male and female mice of the OF1 strain were given a single training session in a shuttle-box. Thirty minutes prior to the behavioral test, mice were injected IP with haloperidol (0.25 mg/kg) or physiological saline (10 ml/kg). Latencies of escape…
Diazepam has no beneficial effects on stress-induced behavioural and endocrine changes in male tree shrews.
2000
Abstract VAN KAMPEN, M., U. SCHMITT, C. HIEMKE AND E. FUCHS. Diazepam has no beneficial effects on stress-induced behavioural and endocrine changes in male tree shrews. PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BEHAV 65 (3) 539–546, 2000.—The present study evaluated the effect of subchronic oral treatment of psychosocially stressed male tree shrews with diazepam on locomotor activity, marking behavior, avoidance behavior, and urinary cortisol and noradrenaline. To mimic a realistic situation of anxiolytic intervention, the treatment started 14 days after the beginning of psychosocial stress; at that time, the stress-induced behavioral and endocrine alterations had been established. The drug (5 mg/kg/day) was admin…
Distinct patterns of Fos immunoreactivity in striatum and hippocampus induced by different kinds of novelty in mice.
2010
In this study the immediate-early gene Fos was used to investigate the response to different novel stimuli in a wide array of brain regions including the hippocampus, the rhinal cortex, the frontal cortex and different components of the striatal complex. Independent groups of CD-1 mice were exposed to three different novelty conditions: (1) novel environment (empty open field); (2) complex novel environment (i.e. open field containing objects); and (3) identity-based detection of novel objects. We observed that a complex novel environment and a knowledge-based novelty modulated Fos levels in both the dorsal and the ventral components of the striatum, while Fos immunoreactivity in the medial…
Profiling movement behaviours in pre-school children: A self-organised map approach.
2019
Application of machine learning techniques has the potential to yield unseen insights into movement and permits visualisation of complex behaviours and tangible profiles. The aim of this study was to identify profiles of relative motor competence (MC) and movement behaviours in pre-school children using novel analytics. One-hundred and twenty-five children (4.3 ± 0.5y, 1.04 ± 0.05 m, 17.8 ± 3.2 kg, BMI: 16.2 ± 1.9 kg