Search results for "Motor performance"
showing 10 items of 378 documents
Gender differences in the effects of haloperidol on avoidance conditioning in mice
1995
Abstract Gender differences in the effects of haloperidol (0.07S mg/kg per day for 5 days) on avoidance conditioning were evaluated. We also studied performance of the subjects free of the drug and the acute effects of haloperidol in animals trained without drug 48 h after the last haloperidol administration. Latencies of escape and avoidance responses, number of nonresponses, escapes, avoidances, crossings during the adaptation period, crossings during intertrial intervals, and total crossings per minute were analyzed. This dosage impaired conditioning of the male animals but did not attain the same effects on females. Haloperidol did not deteriorate performance of the task when it had bee…
Recollection in adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder.
2013
Abstract Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder primarily affecting social interaction and communication. Recently, there has been interest in whether people with ASD also show memory deficits as a result of abnormal brain development. However, at least in adolescents with ASD, the recollection component of episodic memory has rarely been explored. This paper is an evaluation of recollection in three different experiments in adolescents with ASD, using both objective (source discrimination) and subjective methods (Remember–Know judgments). Methods Three experiments were designed to measure different aspects of contextual information: sensory/perceptual …
Working memory capacity does not always promote dual-task motor performance: The case of juggling in soccer.
2019
The aim of this research was to refine our understanding of the role of working memory capacity (WMC) on motor performances that require attentional control in dual-task situations. Three studies were carried out on soccer players. Each participant had to perform a juggling task in both normal and dual-task conditions. In Study 1, the interfering task was a mental calculation test performed under time pressure (strong cognitive load). In Study 2, the interfering task was a count-down test (low cognitive load). In Study 3 an intra-individual design in which participants perform dual-tasks increasingly complex has been proposed. Results showed a positive relationship between participants' WMC…
The relationship between physical activity and physical self-esteem in adolescents: the role of physical fitness indices.
2013
The aim of this study was to investigate if physical fitness (strength/power, endur ance, flexibility and coordination) mediates the cross-sectional relationship between physical activity and physical self-perception (athletic competence and physical appearance) in a sample of 15-year old adolescents. We wanted to investigate the relative strength of each indirect effect. The present data are taken from two waves of a larger data collection for the project “Youth in Balance”, and was collected in the autumn of 2005 (N = 1207) and 2008 (N = 632). A total of 1839 students (889 girls and 950 boys) from 12 schools in Kristiansand took part. A bias-corrected bootstrapping technique was used to e…
On the advantages of word-frequency and contextual diversity measures extracted from subtitles: the case of Portuguese
2015
Accepted manuscript. Epub ahead of print, 29 Sep. 2014.
Fundamental Movement Skills and Motivational Factors Influencing Engagement in Physical Activity
2010
To assess whether subgroups based on children's fundamental movement skills, perceived competence, and self-determined motivation toward physical education vary with current self-reported physical activity, a sample of 316 Finnish Grade 7 students completed fundamental movement skills measures and self-report questionnaires assessing perceived competence, self-determined motivation toward physical education, and current physical activity. Cluster analysis indicated a three-cluster structure: “Low motivation/low skills profile,” “High skills/low motivation profile,” and “High skills/ high motivation profile.” Analysis of variance indicated that students in the third cluster engaged in signi…
Effects of age and soccer expertise on general tests of perceptual and motor performance among adolescent soccer players.
2010
This study of perceptual and motor skills in soccer players was conducted on adolescent males. The goals were to monitor the development of general perceptual motor skills in nonsoccer-playing and soccer-playing groups ( n = 245), to examine the relationship between physical maturity and general perceptual motor skills ( n = 41), and to compare the differences in general perceptual motor skills between groups with different soccer expertise ( n = 142). The measured variables were simple reaction time, peripheral awareness, eye–hand–foot coordination, and testosterone blood level. The results suggested that general perceptual motor skills improved with age, the development of these skills w…
Implicit Learning in Children Is Not Related to Age: Evidence from Drawing Behavior
2000
Three experiments are reported on implicit learning in 432 children between the ages of 4 and 10 years, using a new paradigm ("the neutral parameter procedure") based on drawing behavior. The first two experiments demonstrated that children modified their drawing behavior following specially devised practice in such a way that these modifications could not be viewed as the result of deliberate adaptive strategies. The third experiment showed that these behavioral modifications lasted for at least 1 hr after the training phase. No age-related differences appeared in the experiments. A comparison of children's data with similar adults' data also failed to reveal any age differences. These res…
Age differences in the role of the cannabinoid type 1 receptor on glutamatergic neurons in habituation and spatial memory acquisition
2015
Abstract Aims Aging is typically linked with a decline in memory performance and alterations in neural integrity. In pathological aging such as Alzheimer's disease, these effects are aggravated. Studies using cannabinoid CB1 receptor-deficient mice have shown a role of the endocannabinoid system in memory processing and neuroprotection. As the CB1 receptor is expressed in various neuronal populations, in this study, we aimed at investigating the consequences of CB1 receptor gene inactivation in cortical glutamatergic neurons in mice (Glu-CB1-KO) in regard to age-related alterations in spatial memory performance. Main methods Juvenile (5.5–7.5 weeks), adult (5.5–7 months), and old (11.5–14 m…
Age-related differences in a delayed pointing of a M�ller-Lyer illusion
2003
It has been suggested that movements to visible or remembered targets are differently sensitive to the Müller-Lyer (ML) illusion. Indeed, when the target is continuously visible, movements rely on the veridical object characteristics, whereas remembered movements are thought to reflect the perceived characteristics of the object. The aim of the present study was to determine how movements to visible or remembered targets are influenced by the ML illusion in children aged 7 to 11 years old. Participants were asked to make a perceptual judgment or to point a shaft extremity of the ML configurations (Closed, Control, and Open) in three visual conditions (Closed Loop, Open Loop-0-s delay, and 5…