Search results for "Mouse"
showing 10 items of 590 documents
Phytochemical analysis of two Weigela florida cultivars, “Pink Poppet” and “Jean’s Gold”
2020
Abstract Nine different oleanane-type glycosides were extracted and isolated by various chromatographic methods from two Weigela florida cultivars, “Pink Poppet” and “Jean’s Gold”. From the roots of W. florida “Pink Poppet”, three monodesmosidic oleanolic acid saponins 1, 4, 5 were obtained, together with one hederagenin ester 6 from the leaves, and six bidesmosidic saponins 2, 3, 6-9 were isolated from the leaves of W. florida “Jean’s Gold”. Among compounds 1-9, three were previously undescribed (1-3) and six (4-9) were already published in the literature. Their structures were assigned by spectroscopic analysis mainly 2D NMR and mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). The cytotoxicity of the isolated…
Trophic habits of Muscardinus avellanarius (Mammalia Gliridae) as revealed by multiple stable isotope analysis
2007
Multiple stable isotope analysis was used to investigate the diet of the common dormouse Muscardinus avellanarius in a mixed Mediterranean forest. δ13C and δ15N values of dormouse tissues compared to those of the vegetal and animal sources available in the area showed that the isotopic composition of both adult and juvenile M. avellanarius could be explained by a mixture of vegetal and animal organic matter. The isotopic composition of the assimilated nitrogen was mostly explained by the organic matter from flora. Among the vegetal components, flowers of Fagus silvatica, Quercus robur, and the rarer Crataegus oxyacantha, berries of Ilex aquifolium and acorns of Q. robur were found in the ad…
Novel evidences for a role of dopamine as modulator of intestinal motility: a study on mouse distal colon
2014
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. It has been classically considered that the pathological hallmarks of PD affect primarily the substantia nigra. Nevertheless, it has become increasingly evident that PD is a multicentric neurodegenerative process that affects several neuronal structures outside the substantia nigra, among which is the enteric nervous system (ENS). Pathological alterations within the ENS could be involved in the gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction frequently encountered by PD patients. Dopamine (DA) seems to be a major candidate for the impairment of GI function in PD since its levels were found to be decrea…
Postnatal developmental changes in the dopaminergic signaling in mouse gut
2011
The presence of dopamine-containing neurons in the enteric nervous system has been described, but it is far to be clear their role in the modulation of gut motility. Moreover, ontogenetic studies shows that dopaminergic neurons are late-developing neurons, arising perinatally, but there are no informations if dopaminergic signaling may undergo to developmental changes after birth, as demonstrated for other signaling. Thus, using a pharmacological approach, we examined, in vitro, the role of dopaminergic neurons in the regulation of duodenal contractility in neonatal mice (≤48 h postnatal) compared to the adults. Transcripts for all dopaminergic receptors were detected in mouse duodenum at e…
Examinations of Bilateral Epileptiform Activities in Hippocampal Slices Obtained From Young Mice
2021
Bilateral interconnections through the hippocampal commissure play important roles in synchronizing or spreading hippocampal seizure activities. Intact hippocampi or bilateral hippocampal slices have been isolated from neonatal or immature rats (6–7 or 12–21 days old, respectively) and the mechanisms underlying the bilateral synchrony of hippocampal epileptiform activities have been investigated. However, the feasibility of examining bilateral epileptiform activities of more developed hippocampal circuitryin vitroremains to be explored. For this, we prepared bilateral hippocampal slices from C57 black mice, a strain commonly used in neuroscience and for genetic/molecular modifications. Youn…
Italian Peninsula preserves an evolutionary lineage of the fat dormouse Glis glis L. (Rodentia: Gliridae)
2010
The present study examines the population genetic structure of fifty-nine specimens of Glis glis (Linneaus, 1766) from thirteen localities in central Europe, sequencing a 400-bp segment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene and a 673-bp segment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene. The consensus tree obtained from Bayesian analysis revealed a robust dichotomy, showing two sister groups: one clade includes samples from a wide geographical area, extending from north-central Europe to northern Italy (major branch sensu Bilton), and the other comprises samples collected in central and southern Italy and in Sicily (Italian branch). According to the Tajima–Nei model, the two …
Ecological study of the wood mouse helminth community in a burned Mediterranean ecosystem in regeneration five years after a wildfire
2007
AbstractParasites are used as biological tags in environmental impact studies. However, terrestrial systems in general and small mammals in particular are rarely considered in these ecological studies. Based on the effects of a wildfire which occurred in the Spanish Serra Calderona Natural Park — a typical Mediterranean ecosystem — the regeneration process of the wood mouse population and its helminth community is analysed. A total of 217 individuals of Apodemus sylvaticus were studied in a five year period, from the second to the fifth post-fire year: 152 mice originating from the burned area and 65 from the control — non-burned — area. The helminth community for both burned and non-burned…
Short-term impact of a Western diet on the physiology of the peripheral olfactory system
2016
Current feeding behaviors contribute to the epidemic levels of obesity and diabetes observed in Europe and worldwide. Both the quantity and the quality of ingested food are incriminated. Together with other sensory modalities, olfaction is involved in the control of food intake. Olfactory cues can influence eating behaviors, yet the nutritional status and diet can also alter olfactory abilities. Patients with metabolic disorders present impaired olfactory sensitivity which could in turn worsen their eating behaviors.Here we examined the short-term impact of a Western diet enriched in fat and sugar (High Fat High Sugar, HFHS) on the anatomy and physiology of the olfactory epithelium of postn…
A Reassessment of the Therapeutic Potential of a Dopamine Receptor 2 Agonist (D2-AG) in Endometriosis by Comparison against a Standardized Antiangiog…
2021
Dopamine receptor 2 agonists (D2-ags) have been shown to reduce the size of tumors by targeting aberrant angiogenesis in pathological tissue. Because of this, the use of a D2-ag was inferred for endometriosis treatment. When assayed in mouse models however, D2-ags have been shown to cause a shift of the immature vessels towards a more mature phenotype but not a significant reduction in the amount of vascularization and size of lesions. These has raised concerns on whether the antiangiogenic effects of these compounds confer a therapeutic value for endometriosis. In the belief that antiangiogenic effects of D2-ags in endometriosis were masked due to non-optimal timing of pharmacological inte…
Evaluation of PAI-1 in endometriosis using a homologous immunocompetent mouse model
2018
To analyze the role of PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) in endometriotic lesion growth, we studied the effect of PAI-1 inhibition by PAI-039 using a homologous mouse model of endometriosis that allows noninvasive monitoring. Endometrial tissue from donor mice was collected, labeled with mCherry adenovirus, and implanted into a subcutaneous pocket on the ventral abdomen of recipient mice. Seven days after transplantation, mice were randomly allocated in two groups and treated once daily for 2 weeks with either vehicle (control group) or PAI-1 inhibitor (PAI-039 group). Endometriotic lesion size generated in recipient mice was monitored by mCherry signal. Animals were euthanized 21 d…