Search results for "Mouse"

Establecimiento y optimización de modelo murino de la patología ginecológica endometriosis utilizando xenografts de endometrio humano para el estudio…

2018

La endometriosis es una enfermedad con elevada prevalencia en la población de mujeres en edad fértil (Goldstein y cols, 1980; Eskenazi y cols, 1997; Gazvani y cols, 2002), que cursa con dolor pélvico crónico, dismenorrea, sangrados irregulares e infertilidad, principalmente (Goldstein y cols, 1980; Eskenazi y cols, 1997). Esta sintomatología empeora la calidad de vida de la paciente (D’Hooghe T y cols, 2006) y genera un gran gasto en términos económicos y sociales (Simoens y cols, 2007), de lo que se deriva su gran importancia. Ésto, unido a las múltiples cuestiones que se desconocen o están en controversia en relación a la génesis de la enfermedad, patogeniam diagnóstico precoz y tratamien…

Paracrine roles of extracellular vesicles released by mouse mesoangioblasts

2017

Extracellular vesicles (EV) represent an important mediator of cell-to-cell communication and are involved in both autocrine and paracrine signaling, with a critical role in a number of physiological and pathological conditions.1 The bioactive molecules contained within EV simultaneously activate several different pathways resulting in the synergistic stimulation of target cells. The discovery and characterization of EV have added a novel understanding to regenerative medicine, namely the finding that stem cells are an abundant source of EV.1-2 A6 mouse mesoangioblasts, vessel-associated multipotent progenitor stem cells that are capable of differentiating into different mesodermal cell typ…

Regulatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and risk of colorectal carcinoma.

2006

It is well established that cancer arises in chronically inflamed tissue, and this is particularly notable in the gastrointestinal tract. Classic examples include Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer. Growing evidence suggests that these associations might be not casual findings. Focusing on individual cytokines has generated evidence that anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) may have a complex role in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. As an example, IL-10-deficient mice develop severe atrophic gastritis and a chronic enterocolitis, develo…

Effects of glucagon-like peptide-2 on mouse gastric tone

2008

Guanine-based purines affects the enteric cholinergic neurotransmission via a mechanism not involving membrane receptors

2011

Increasing evidence indicate that guanine-based purines, known as modulators of intracellular processes, can exert extracellular effects, raising the possibility of the existence of specific receptors for these compounds. We investigated if guaninebased purine receptors may be present in the rodent gastrointestinal tract modulating intestinal contractility, as the well known adenine-based purine receptors. Experiments were performed in vitro recording spontaneous and neurally-evoked contractile activity, as changes in isometric tension, in mouse distal colon circular muscle. Guanosine up to 3 mM or guanine up to 1 mM, did not affect the spontaneous mechanical activity, but they significantl…

INVOLVEMENT OF GUANINE-BASED PURINES IN THE MODULATION OF CHOLINERGIC TRANSMISSION IN MOUSE COLONIC PREPARATIONS

2010

Baseline Gut Microbiota Composition Is Associated With Schistosoma mansoni Infection Burden in Rodent Models

2020

In spite of growing evidence supporting the occurrence of complex interactions between Schistosoma and gut bacteria in mice and humans, no data is yet available on whether worm-mediated changes in microbiota composition are dependent on the baseline gut microbial profile of the vertebrate host. In addition, the impact of such changes on the susceptibility to, and pathophysiology of, schistosomiasis remains largely unexplored. In this study, mice colonized with gut microbial populations from a human donor (HMA mice), as well as microbiota-wild type (WT) animals, were infected with Schistosoma mansoni, and alterations of their gut microbial profiles at 50 days post-infection were compared to …

Metabolism via arginase or nitric oxide synthase: two competing arginine pathways in macrophages

2014

Macrophages play a major role in the immune system, both as antimicrobial effector cells and as immunoregulatory cells, which induce, suppress or modulate adaptive immune responses. These key aspects of macrophage biology are fundamentally driven by the phenotype of macrophage arginine metabolism that is prevalent in an evolving or ongoing immune response. M1 macrophages express the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), which metabolizes arginine to nitric oxide (NO) and citrulline. NO can be metabolized to further downstream reactive nitrogen species, while citrulline might be reused for efficient NO synthesis via the citrulline-NO cycle. M2 macrophages are characterized by expression of the…

Interleukin 10 restores lipopolysaccharide-induced alterations in synaptic plasticity probed by repetitive magnetic stimulation

2020

Systemic inflammation is associated with alterations in complex brain functions such as learning and memory. However, diagnostic approaches to functionally assess and quantify inflammation-associated alterations in synaptic plasticity are not well-established. In previous work, we demonstrated that bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic inflammation alters the ability of hippocampal neurons to express synaptic plasticity, i.e., the long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory neurotransmission. Here, we tested whether synaptic plasticity induced by repetitive magnetic stimulation (rMS), a non-invasive brain stimulation technique used in clinical practice, is affected by LPS-induc…

The NG2 Proteoglycan Protects Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells against Oxidative Stress via Interaction with OMI/HtrA2.

2015

The NG2 proteoglycan is characteristically expressed by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) and also by aggressive brain tumours highly resistant to chemo- and radiation therapy. Oligodendrocyte-lineage cells are particularly sensitive to stress resulting in cell death in white matter after hypoxic or ischemic insults of premature infants and destruction of OPC in some types of Multiple Sclerosis lesions. Here we show that the NG2 proteoglycan binds OMI/HtrA2, a mitochondrial serine protease which is released from damaged mitochondria into the cytosol in response to stress. In the cytosol, OMI/HtrA2 initiates apoptosis by proteolytic degradation of anti-apoptotic factors. OPC in which NG…