Search results for "Multilevel model"

Indoor noise exposure assessment of primary school children living in a french urban area

2012

International audience; The recent development of powerful noise mapping softwares allows to assess the exposure to environmental noise at the scale of an agglomeration. However noise levels inside dwellings are still unknown at such scales. To evaluate indoor noise levels and to investigate the factors which determine them, an eight-day noise measurement campaign was carried out in 50 children’s home. These children were randomly chosen among 8 or 9-year-old pupils attending the public primary schools of Besançon (France). Microphones were placed in the child’s bedroom, outdoor in front of the bedroom’s facade, and in the main room. Equivalent sound pressure levels (LAeq) were calculated d…

Simulating multilevel dynamics of antimicrobial resistance in a membrane computing model

2019

Membrane computing is a bio-inspired computing paradigm whose devices are the so-called membrane systems or P systems. The P system designed in this work reproduces complex biological landscapes in the computer world. It uses nested “membrane-surrounded entities” able to divide, propagate, and die; to be transferred into other membranes; to exchange informative material according to flexible rules; and to mutate and be selected by external agents. This allows the exploration of hierarchical interactive dynamics resulting from the probabilistic interaction of genes (phenotypes), clones, species, hosts, environments, and antibiotic challenges. Our model facilitates analysis of several aspects…

<p>A Country Pandemic Risk Exposure Measurement Model</p>

2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to develop a Pandemic Risk Exposure Measurement (PREM) model to determine the factors that affect a country’s prospective vulnerability to a pandemic risk exposure also considering the current COVID-19 pandemic Methods: To develop the model, drew up an inventory of possible factor variables that might expose a country’s vulnerability to a pandemic such as COVID-19 This model was based on the analysis of existing literature and consultations with some experts and associa-tions To support the inventory of selected possible factor variables, we have conducted a survey with participants sampled from people working in a risk management environment carrying o…

The effect of hotel chain affiliation on economic performance: The moderating role of tourist districts

2020

Abstract This paper offers a pioneering analysis of the impact that integration in different types of hotel chains has on firm performance, and the moderating effect of the tourist destination in this relationship. Studies in the literature examine both size and location independently, without reconciling the apparently contradictory trends of globalization and conservation of the local base. The aim of the research is to analyze the comparative effects on tourism firms’ performance of belonging to different types of hotel chains while maintaining the advantages of location in a tourist destination. Based on a study of 292 Spanish hotels, the authors test the proposed hypotheses using hiera…

Does role stress predict burnout over time among health care professionals?

2012

Abstract The main objective of this study is to test the effects over time of three role stress variables (role conflict, role ambiguity and role overload) on the three burnout dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment). Based on theoretical models on burnout and on meta-analytical research, it is hypothesized that the three role stress variables will predict changes over time in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, but not in personal accomplishment. The results obtained by means of hierarchical regression analysis partially support the hypothesis. The three role stress variables predict emotional exhaustion over time. Role conflict and role ove…

On Ignoring the Random Effects Assumption in Multilevel Models: Review, Critique, and Recommendations

2019

Entities such as individuals, teams, or organizations can vary systematically from one another. Researchers typically model such data using multilevel models, assuming that the random effects are uncorrelated with the regressors. Violating this testable assumption, which is often ignored, creates an endogeneity problem thus preventing causal interpretations. Focusing on two-level models, we explain how researchers can avoid this problem by including cluster means of the Level 1 explanatory variables as controls; we explain this point conceptually and with a large-scale simulation. We further show why the common practice of centering the predictor variables is mostly unnecessary. Moreover, …

Le bruit en milieu urbain : bruit et scolarité à Besançon

2009

Can Money buy Love? : The Impact of the Cohesion Policy of the European Union on European Identity

2019

Master's thesis Innovative governance and public management ME523 - University of Agder 2019 This Master thesis explores the relationship between Cohesion policies of the EU and European identity. After first describing the history and context of Cohesion policies of the EU, the literature on European identity studies is reviewed. This discussion develops an economic utilitarian argument, that citizens in Europe develop their identification with the EU partly on rational considerations, and that the added quality of life provided by investments of the EU would positively influence their European identity. This effect is expected to be different throughout European regions.The hypothesesare …

Students' school‐level symptoms mediate the relationship between a school's observed moisture problems and students’ subjective perceptions of indoor…

2020

Moisture damage can influence the subjective assessment of indoor air quality (subjective IAQ) in various ways. We studied whether the frequency of symptoms reported across students at school level mediates the relationship between observed mold and dampness in a school building and students' subjective IAQ. To answer this research question, we tested a multilevel path model. The analyzed data were created by merging two nationwide data sets: (a) survey data from students, including information on subjective IAQ (N = 24,786 students); (b) data from schools, including information on mold and dampness in a school building (N = 222). After the background variables were adjusted, schools' obser…

“To Own, or not to Own?” A multilevel analysis of intellectual property right policies' on academic entrepreneurship

2017

The political environment around universities has led them to create an infrastructure to manage academic inventions. While some consider that the advantages of a university entrepreneurial structure outweigh any potential negative effects, others question their detrimental effect on academic scientists’ entrepreneurial behavior. However, this debate remains unresolved as none of these two views have been fully empirically supported. Using multilevel models for a population of 2230 professors in 27 universities in Canada (82 individuals per unit on average), we test the effect of three features of institutional intellectual property right policy characteristics, namely, property rights (own…