Search results for "Muscle"

Bioaccesibility of Cylindrospermopsin from cooked fish muscle after the application of an in vitro digestion model and its bioavailability.

2017

Humans can be exposed to cyanotoxins through the ingestion of contaminated water, food or beverages. In the present work, the bioaccesibility of Cylindrospermopsin (CYN), one of the most relevant cyanotoxins, was evaluated in a pure CYN solution and cooked CYN-contaminated fish muscles (20 μg/mL). An in vitro digestion model including the salivar, gastric, duodenal and colonic phases was performed, being each fraction analyzed by HPLC-MS-MS to evaluate CYN degradation. Moreover, Caco-2/TC7 cells were exposed to the digested duodenal and colonic phases to elucidate the final bioavailability of CYN in an approximation to the real human exposure scenario. The results revealed that CYN bioacces…

The effects of exercising in the cold on energy metabolism, skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation and immuno-endocrine responses

2014

Exploration of muscle–tendon biomechanics one year after Achilles tendon rupture and the compensatory role of flexor hallucis longus

2023

Achilles tendon (AT) rupture leads to long-term structural and functional impairments. Currently, the predictors of good recovery after rupture are poorly known. Thus, we aimed to explore the interconnections between structural, mechanical, and neuromuscular parameters and their associations with factors that could explain good recovery in patients with non-surgically treated AT rupture. A total of 35 patients with unilateral rupture (6 females) participated in this study. Muscle-tendon structural, mechanical, and neuromuscular parameters were measured 1-year after rupture. Interconnections between the inter-limb differences (Δ) were explored using partial correlations, followed by multivar…

Normal weight obesity and physical fitness in Chinese university students: an overlooked association

2018

Background: The primary aim of this study was to examine the associations of normal weight obesity (NWO) with physical fitness in Chinese university students. As a secondary aim, we assessed whether possible differences in physical fitness between students classified as NWO and normal weight non-obese (NWNO) were mediated by skeletal muscles mass. Methods: A total of 383 students (205 males and 178 females, aged 18–24 years) from two universities volunteered to participate in this study. Body height and weight were measured by standard procedures and body composition was assessed by bio-impedance analysis (InBody 720). NWO was defined by a BMI of 18.5–23.9 kg/m2 and a body fat percentage of…

Teprotumumab reduces extraocular muscle and orbital fat volume in thyroid eye disease

2020

PurposeThyroid eye disease (TED) is a progressive, debilitating and potentially vision-threatening autoimmune disease. Teprotumumab, a novel human monoclonal antibody, has been shown to reverse the clinical manifestations of TED. Patients receiving teprotumumab have been shown in two multicenter, randomized placebo-controlled trials to have decreased proptosis, diplopia and inflammation after 24 weeks of treatment. This study aims to analyse volumetric and inflammatory changes on orbital imaging prior to and after teprotumumab treatment from one of these trials.DesignRetrospective review.SubjectsSix patients enrolled in the phase III teprotumumab clinical trial (OPTIC, NCT03298867) with act…

The Internuclear Ophthalmoplegias

1993

Internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), which is caused by an ipsilateral medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF) lesion, is characterized by adduction paresis of lateral gaze, usually with spared convergence [1–4]. In the opposite eye, abduction nystagmus and hypermetric abduction saccades are the main clinical and electro-oculographic abnormalities [1, 5, 6]. The origin of both is still debated. Abduction nystagmus has been explained by (a) an additional horizontal gaze paresis [7]; (b) vergence mechanisms aimed at alignment of the visual axes [8]; (c) interruption of descending excitatory projections from oculomotor nucleus internuclear neurons to contralateral abducens nucleus motoneurons [9];…

CLINICAL AND IMAGING FINDINGS OF RARE SYMPTOMATIC GIANT KILLIAN-JAMIESON DIVERTICULUM

2014

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References

Estimation of the mechanical properties of the eye through the study of its vibrational modes.

2017

Measuring the eye's mechanical properties in vivo and with minimally invasive techniques can be the key for individualized solutions to a number of eye pathologies. The development of such techniques largely relies on a computational modelling of the eyeball and, it optimally requires the synergic interplay between experimentation and numerical simulation. In Astrophysics and Geophysics the remote measurement of structural properties of the systems of their realm is performed on the basis of (helio-)seismic techniques. As a biomechanical system, the eyeball possesses normal vibrational modes encompassing rich information about its structure and mechanical properties. However, the integral a…

Computed Tomography in Orbital Lesions

1981

Lesions in the orbits are characterized by unilateral or bilateral proptosis and/or disorders of ocular motion. Before the advent of computed tomography diagnosis was made on the basis of conventional radiological studies of the skull and the orbits as well as with ultrasonog-raphy, fluorescence angiography, phlebography of the ophthalmic vein, and arteriograms of the internal and external carotid arteries. The introduction of CT has brought about a correspondingdecline in the use of invasive procedures (Wende et al. 1977).

Biceps Femoris Long Head Muscle Fascicles Actively Lengthen During the Nordic Hamstring Exercise

2021

Current debate exists around whether a presumed eccentric exercise, the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE), actually causes active hamstring muscle lengthening. This is because of the decoupling that can occur between the muscle fascicle and muscle-tendon unit (MTU) length changes in relatively compliant human lower-limb MTUs, which results in MTU lengthening not necessarily causing muscle fascicle lengthening. This missing knowledge complicates the interpretation of why the NHE is effective at reducing running-related hamstring muscle injury risk in athletes previously unfamiliar with performing this exercise. The purpose of the study was therefore to investigate if the most-commonly injured …