Search results for "Muscle"
showing 10 items of 3397 documents
The Effectiveness of Physical Exercise on Bone Density in Osteoporotic Patients
2018
Physical exercise is considered an effective means to stimulate bone osteogenesis in osteoporotic patients. The authors reviewed the current literature to define the most appropriate features of exercise for increasing bone density in osteoporotic patients. Two types emerged: (1) weight-bearing aerobic exercises, i.e., walking, stair climbing, jogging, and Tai Chi. Walking alone did not appear to improve bone mass; however it is able to limit its progressive loss. In fact, in order for the weight-bearing exercises to be effective, they must reach the mechanical intensity useful to determine an important ground reaction force. (2) Strength and resistance exercises: these are carried out with…
Fisurectomy and anoplasty with botulinum toxin injection in patients with chronic anal posterior fissure with hypertonia: a long-term evaluation.
2020
AbstractChronic anal fissure’s (CAF) etiopathogenesis remain unclear. CAF of the posterior commissure (CAPF) are often characterized by internal anal sphincter (IAS) hypertonia. The treatment of this disease aimed to reduce IAS hypertonia. Due to the high rate of anal incontinence after LIS, the employment of sphincter preserving surgical techniques associated to pharmacological sphincterotomy appears more sensible. The aim of our study is to evaluate the long-term results of fissurectomy and anoplasty with V–Y cutaneous flap advancement associated to 30 UI of botulinum toxin injection for CAPF with IAS hypertonia. We enrolled 45 patients undergone to fissurectomy and anoplasty with V–Y cut…
A novel nutrient blend mimics calorie restriction transcriptomics differentially in multiple tissues of mice
2017
Identification of caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs), compounds that mimic the beneficial effects of caloric restriction (CR) without restriction of dietary energy would be an advancement in anti-aging science. The present study investigated whether the transcriptional profiles of a putative CRM nutrient blend could mimic that of CR in diverse tissues following long-term feeding in B6C3F1 male mice. Study design: Young Controls (YC; 5 mo.) and 3 groups treated from 14-30 mo.: Old Controls (OC), Old CR (OCR; 25% CR) and Old Supplemented (OS); n=7/group. Gene expression profiling in cerebral cortex (CCT), skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius)(SKL), heart (HRT), white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver…
Acute and Chronic Captopril, but Not Prazosin or Nifedipine, Normalize Alterations in Adrenergic Intracellular Ca2+ Handling Observed in the Mesenter…
2004
The effect of hypertension and acute (36-h) or chronic (from age 6 to 16 weeks) antihypertensive treatment with prazosin (2 mg kg(-1) per day), nifedipine (50 mg kg(-1) per day), or captopril (50 mg kg(-1) per day) on Ca2+ mobilization due to alpha1-adrenoceptor activation was analyzed in functional studies using arterial rings [four conductance/distributing vessels: aorta, main mesenteric, iliac, and tail arteries and two resistance vessels; first and second small mesenteric artery branches obtained from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, 6 and 16 weeks old) and age-matched Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY)]. Maximal response to noradrenaline in the presence of extracellular Ca2+ is not affected …
Antagonism by SR 48692 of mechanical responses to neurotensin in rat intestine.
1996
Abstract 1. The effects of SR 48692 on neurotensin (NT)-induced mechanical responses were investigated in rat duodenum and proximal colon by use of isometric, isovolumic preparations. 2. SR 48692 inhibited the relaxant responses to NT in duodenal circular and longitudinal muscle. It also antagonized the NT-induced contractile effects in duodenal circular muscle and in proximal colon (both muscular layers). 3. From Schild analysis and pA2 value for SR 48692 was 8.2 in tissues where NT induced relaxant effects and 7.5 in tissues where NT induced contractile effects and the slope of the regression line was not significantly different from unity, indicating competitive antagonism. 4. SR 48692 d…
Pre- and postsynaptic effects of muscarinic agonists in the guinea-pig ileum
1980
The effects of several muscarinic agonists on smooth muscle (postsynaptic effect) and on acetylcholine release (presynaptic effect) were compared in the longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparation of the guinea-pig ileum. 1. For release experiments the acetylcholine stores of the preparation were labelled with 3H-choline. Electrical field stimulation in the absence of a cholinesterase inhibitor caused an outflow of tritium that reflected release of 3H-acetylcholine. The agonists oxotremorine, arecaidinepropargylester, methylfurmethide, muscarine, carbachol, arecoline and pilocarpine inhibited the stimulation-induced outflow in a concentration-dependent manner. At the highest concentrat…
Surgical management of moderate ischemic mitral valve regurgitation: Where do we stand?
2014
Ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) represents a common complication after myocardial infarction. The valve is anatomically normal and the incompetence is the result of papillary muscles displacement and annular dilatation, causing leaflets tethering. Functionally the leaflets present a restricted systolic motion due to tethering forces that displaces the coaptation surface toward the left ventricle apex. The patients present poor left ventricular function at the time of surgery and the severity of the mitral regurgitation increases the risk of mortality. Currently there is general agreement to treat surgically severe IMR nevertheless strong evidences for patient with moderate insufficiency…
Assessment of the cardiostimulant action of propionyl-L-carnitine on chronically volume-overloaded rat hearts.
1993
Chronic volume overload was induced in young rats of Wistar strain by surgical opening of the aorto-caval fistula. Three months later, during in vitro perfusion with exogenous palmitate, left ventricular function and energy turnover (QO2) of hypertrophied hearts were severely depressed. This seemed to be related to impaired long-chain fatty acid utilization, as reflected by decreased 14CO2 production from U-14C-palmitate and decreased tissue levels of L-carnitine. Another group of rats exposed to chronic volume overload was pretreated for 2 weeks before sacrifice with propionyl-L-carnitine (250 mg/kg/day), and the hearts were perfused with 1.2 mM palmitate and 10 mM propionyl-L-carnitine. I…
Physical activity responsive miRNAs – Potential mediators of training responses in human skeletal muscle?
2013
1. The basics of miRNA-mediated regulation The plasticity of skeletal muscle is of utmost importance for responding to and coping with environmental demands that emerge from changes in physical activity patterns, nourishment, hormonal status, and health. As is well known, a sedentary lifestyle, aging, immobilization, and chronic diseases are associated with reduced muscle mass and function, while regular exercise improves muscle function and reduces the rate of decrement throughout life. 1 However, we do not have a complete understanding of the molecular factors controlling skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise stimuli. Recently identified microRNA molecules (miRNAs) have rapidly gained at…
Direct and neuromodulatory effects of histamine on isolated goat cerebral arteries.
1992
1. The effects of histamine on isolated goat middle cerebral artery were examined using two experimental approaches: recording of isometric tension and measurement of [3H]-noradrenaline efflux. 2. Cumulative addition of histamine (10(-7)-3 x 10(-2)M) and 2-pyridylethylamine (2-PEA, 10(-6)-3 x 10(-2)M) produced concentration-dependent contractile responses. Preincubation with diphenhydramine (10(-7), 10(-6)M) or cimetidine (10(-7), 10(-6)M) competitively inhibited the histamine-induced contractile response. 3. Endothelium denudation enhanced the contractile effects of histamine. 4. Transmural electrical stimulation elicited contractions which were enhanced by histamine (10(-7)M), 2-PEA (10(-…