Search results for "Muscle"
showing 10 items of 3397 documents
The effects of whey protein with or without carbohydrates on resistance training adaptations
2015
Background: Nutrition intake in the context of a resistance training (RT) bout may affect body composition and muscle strength. However, the individual and combined effects of whey protein and carbohydrates on long-term resistance training adaptations are poorly understood. Methods: A four-week preparatory RT period was conducted in previously untrained males to standardize the training background of the subjects. Thereafter, the subjects were randomized into three groups: 30 g of whey proteins (n = 22), isocaloric carbohydrates (maltodextrin, n = 21), or protein + carbohydrates (n = 25). Within these groups, the subjects were further randomized into two whole-body 12-week RT regimens aimin…
Mobility and its decline in old age : determinants and associated factors
2013
Intérêts et limites de l’electrostimulation pour l’évaluation, le traitement et la prévention des altérations neuromusculaires induites par l’exercic…
2004
L'objectif de ce travail était d'une part d'étudier les altérations neuromusculaires induites par un exercice excentrique sollicitant les muscles extenseurs du genou, et d'autre part d'étudier l'efficacité de l'électrostimulation (ES) comme moyen d'évaluation, de traitement et de prévention de ces altérations. La première étude de ce travail consistait à évaluer les contributions des mécanismes centraux et périphériques à la diminution de la contraction maximale volontaire observée après l'exercice excentrique. La fatigue basse fréquence (FBF) et la fatigue centrale expliquaient principalement la diminution du moment maximal volontaire après l'exercice excentrique. Le but de la deuxième étu…
Acute and chronic effects of cold treatment on physiological variables and neuromuscular function during a short training period in men
2015
Introduction. Recovery following various physical exercises is a complicated process. The exercise session can involve strong demands on both muscle structure and energy production (aerobic and anaerobic). Many exercise sessions also induce muscle damage (exercise induced muscle damage; EIMD). Different recovery methods attempt to alleviate or prevent EIMD and its associated symptoms, such as muscle soreness and swelling, and reduction in muscle function. One of the used strategies is cold treatment (cryotherapy), which decreases tissue temperature and subsequently effects on e.g. blood flow, metabolism and neural conductance velocity. To date, there is conflicting evidence to support the u…
Moderate overexpression of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase improves healthspan in mice. Implications in skeletal muscle regeneration
2019
An enormous increment in the average lifespan of diverse populations occurred worldwide in the 20th century. In the last 10–15 years, the importance has changed from extending average and even maximal longevity to favoring healthy aging, and many researchers have focused their studies on the aim at extending healthspan. Prolonging lifespan without taking care of improving healthspan can derive in a long time of living with disabilities and constitutes a risk factor for the old population to suffer a higher prevalence of aging-related diseases. Indeed, modern disease treatments frequently diminish mortality without any effect on the deterioration of overall health. Understanding the mechanis…
Physiological and Molecular Adaptations to Strength Training
2019
High muscle contraction forces that lead to gains in muscle function, size, and strength characterize resistance exercise training. The purpose of this chapter is to outline the adaptations in myofiber size and metabolism that occur by stimuli of hormones and local growth factors, mechanical and metabolic stress of muscle tissue, and myofibrillar disruptions induced by a resistance exercise bout. The chapter will highlight the network of intracellular pathways (including mTOR signaling) that ultimately lead to increases in gene expression and protein synthesis. Accumulation of acute exercise responses by systematic training over time modulate the muscle proteome that can be observed as chan…
Qualiment: the scientifist expertise to promote innovation in food companies
2011
Muscle and serum metabolomes are dysregulated in colon-26 tumor-bearing mice despite amelioration of cachexia with activin receptor type 2B ligand bl…
2019
Cancer-associated cachexia reduces survival, which has been attenuated by blocking the activin receptor type 2B (ACVR2B) ligands in mice. The purpose of this study was to unravel the underlying physiology and novel cachexia biomarkers by use of the colon-26 (C26) carcinoma model of cancer cachexia. Male BALB/c mice were subcutaneously inoculated with C26 cancer cells or vehicle control. Tumor-bearing mice were treated with vehicle (C26+PBS) or soluble ACVR2B either before (C26+sACVR/b) or before and after (C26+sACVR/c) tumor formation. Skeletal muscle and serum metabolomics analysis was conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cancer altered various biologically functional groups …
Blood Flow Restriction Exercise: Considerations of Methodology, Application, and Safety
2020
Age and Muscle Function Are More Closely Associated With Intracellular Magnesium, as Assessed by
2019
Total serum magnesium is a common clinical measurement for assessing magnesium status; however, magnesium in blood represents less than 1% of the body’s total magnesium content. We measured intramuscular ionized magnesium by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P-MRS) and tested the hypothesis that this measure better correlates with skeletal muscle function and captures more closely the effect of aging than the traditional measure of total serum magnesium. Data were collected from 441 participants (age 24–98 years) in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA), a study of normative aging that encompasses a broad age range. Results showed that intramuscular ionized magnesium …