Search results for "Muscle"
showing 10 items of 3397 documents
Role of Menopausal Transition and Physical Activity in Loss of Lean and Muscle Mass : A Follow-Up Study in Middle-Aged Finnish Women
2020
In midlife, women experience hormonal changes due to menopausal transition. A decrease especially in estradiol has been hypothesized to cause loss of muscle mass. This study investigated the effect of menopausal transition on changes in lean and muscle mass, from the total body to the muscle fiber level, among 47–55-year-old women. Data were used from the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) study, where 234 women were followed from perimenopause to early postmenopause. Hormone levels (estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone), total and regional body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT) scans), physical activity level (self-reported…
The Role of the Skeletal Muscle Secretome in Mediating Endurance and Resistance Training Adaptations
2021
Exercise, in the form of endurance or resistance training, leads to specific molecular and cellular adaptions not only in skeletal muscles, but also in many other organs such as the brain, liver, fat or bone. In addition to direct effects of exercise on these organs, the production and release of a plethora of different signaling molecules from skeletal muscle are a centerpiece of systemic plasticity. Most studies have so far focused on the regulation and function of such myokines in acute exercise bouts. In contrast, the secretome of long-term training adaptation remains less well understood, and the contribution of non-myokine factors, including metabolites, enzymes, microRNAs or mitochon…
Velocity-based resistance training: do women need greater velocity loss to maximize adaptations?
2021
Abstract Purpose Men and women typically display different neuromuscular characteristics, force–velocity relationships, and differing strength deficit (upper vs. lower body). Thus, it is not clear how previous recommendations for training with velocity-loss resistance training based on data in men will apply to women. This study examined the inter-sex differences in neuromuscular adaptations using 20% and 40% velocity-loss protocols in back squat and bench press exercises. Methods The present study employed an 8-week intervention (2 × week) comparing 20% vs. 40% velocity-loss resistance training in the back squat and bench press exercises in young men and women (~ 26 years). Maximum strengt…
Space-by-Time Modular Decomposition Effectively Describes Whole-Body Muscle Activity During Upright Reaching in Various Directions
2017
The modular control hypothesis suggests that motor commands are built from precoded modules whose specific combined recruitment can allow the performance of virtually any motor task. Despite considerable experimental support, this hypothesis remains tentative as classical findings of reduced dimensionality in muscle activity may also result from other constraints (biomechanical couplings, data averaging or low dimensionality of motor tasks). Here we assessed the effectiveness of modularity in describing muscle activity in a comprehensive experiment comprising 72 distinct point-to-point whole-body movements during which the activity of 30 muscles was recorded. To identify invariant modules o…
Gitelman syndrome DD thiazide diuretics abuse
2014
Abstract Introduction. Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare inherited disorder. Mutations in SLC12A3 gene that encode tubular Na+Cl-cotransporter (NCCT) cause hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, salt loss, hypomagnesaemia and hypocalciuria. The symptoms include weakness, vertigo, hypotension, tetany, paresthesia and nausea. Diagnostic criteria are a normal urine concentrating ability, normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), hypomagnesaemia (<0,65mmol/l), hypokalemia (<3,6mmol/l) and hypocalciuria (<0,1mmol/mmol creatinine). Previously, the diagnosis was made by exclusion. Today, genetic analysis can ensure diagnosis. Thiazide diuretics (TD) abuse with similar abnormalities can make the d…
Leiomyoma of the hard palate : a case report
2007
Leiomyoma is a benign smooth muscle tumor that is very rarely located in the oral cavity. It is accepted that the smooth muscle giving rise to this tumor corresponds to the tunica media of the arteries. The tumor can develop at any age, with no clear gender predilection, and typically manifests as a slow-growing, asymptomatic lesion. The diagnosis is based on the histopathological study, with the use of specific staining techniques, including immunohistochemical markers. Treatment consists of complete resection of the lesion, with due safety margins. We present the case of a 57-year-old male with a tumor located for the previous four months in the region of the hard palate, adjacent to the …
Functional adaptation of sarcolemma to physical stress
2010
Muscle activity patterns and spinal shrinkage in office workers using a sit–stand workstation versus a sit workstation
2016
Reducing sitting time by means of sit–stand workstations is an emerging trend, but further evidence is needed regarding their health benefits. This cross-sectional study compared work time muscle activity patterns and spinal shrinkage between office workers (aged 24–62, 58.3% female) who used either a sit–stand workstation (Sit–Stand group, n = 10) or a traditional sit workstation (Sit group, n = 14) for at least the past three months. During one typical workday, muscle inactivity and activity from quadriceps and hamstrings were monitored using electromyography shorts, and spinal shrinkage was measured using stadiometry before and after the workday. Compared with the Sit group, the Sit–Stan…
Acute Effects of Tecar Therapy on Skin Temperature, Ankle Mobility and Hyperalgesia in Myofascial Pain Syndrome in Professional Basketball Players: A…
2021
(1) Background: Myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) is a clinical condition characterized by localized non-inflammatory musculoskeletal pain caused by myofascial trigger points. Diathermy or Tecar therapy (TT) is a form of noninvasive electro-thermal therapy classified as deep thermotherapy based on the application of electric currents. This technique is characterized by immediate effects, and its being used by high performance athletes. (2) Methods: A total of thirty-two participants were included in the study who were professional basketball players. There was a 15-person Control Group and a 17-person Intervention Group. TT was applied in the Intervention Group, while TT with the device switch…