Search results for "Musculoskeletal diseases."

Radial Head Fractures

2014

Radial head fractures are the most common elbow fractures, accounting for 20–30 %. Typically, the fractures evolve from a fall on the outstretched hand with the elbow extended and the forearm in pronation. The role of the radial head as an important stabilizer of the elbow joint has been recognized in the last decade. Sixty percent of the axial load transmitted through the elbow is conducted through the radial head. Furthermore, the radial head is an important stabilizer against valgus stresses. While the medial collateral ligament (MCL) is the primary stabilizer against valgus stress, the role of the radial head emerges when the MCL is torn. These findings have led to a change in treatment…

Iliosacral Screw Osteosynthesis

2017

Fragility fractures of the anterior pelvic ring are very often combined with fractures of the posterior pelvic ring. The large majority of the posterior fractures is situated in the sacral ala. Non-operative therapy may be cumbersome in patients with a combination of an anterior with a posterior pelvic ring fracture. Any surgical therapy should be as less invasive as possible. Iliosacral screw fixation is a minimal invasive technique. Variations of the upper sacral anatomy make optimal iliosacral screw placement challenging. The vestibule or isthmus is the narrowest part of the bony corridor from the lateral ilium to the S1 sacral body. It always points towards anterior and superior. The wh…

Posterior stability in posterior-stabilized vs medially congruent total knee replacement: A radiological comparison of two polyethylene designs in a …

2020

Objective:The purpose of this radiological study was to assess the posterior laxity of a single model of a total knee arthroplasty design (TKA) having a medially constrained (MC) or a Posterior-Stabilized (PS) polyethylene insert using a well-documented stress x-ray. To the authors knowledge, this is the first report evaluating MC TKA outcomes according to the “kneeling view.”Materials and Methods:Sixty patients with non-traumatic primary knee osteoarthritis undergoing TKA were first matched by age, sex, BMI and diagnosis and then divided in two groups: group A (37 knees) received a MC TKA and group B (23 knees) a PS implant made by the same manufacturer. In all cases the posterior cruciate…

In Silico Analysis of Bone Tension During Fixation of the Medial Malleolus Fracture After Ankle Joint Endoprosthesis

2020

Total ankle arthroplasty (TAR) is a procedure alternative to arthrodesis which enables the biomechanical stabilization of the ankle joint. The procedure is associated with a high risk of complications, including fractures of the medial malleolus. In this study, the finite element method (FEM), based on CT examinations, was used to model the ankle fracture fixation after TAR. Three types of fracture stabilization were considered: screw, Blount staple, and both screw and Blount staple. In the in silico model, the maximum stress tension was found at prosthetic junctions with the base, cone, and talar components of the tibial prosthesis. When the fracture was stabilized with the Blount staple, …

2019

Ultrasound tissue characterization (UTC) imaging has been previously used to describe the characteristics of patellar and Achilles tendons. UTC imaging compares and correlates successive ultrasonographic transverse tendon images to calculate the distribution of four color-coded echo-types that represent different tendon tissue types. However, UTC has not been used to describe the characteristics of patellar tendons after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the intra and inter-rater reliability of the UTC in unharvested and harvested patellar tendons of patients undergoing ACLR. Intra and inter-rater reliability of both UTC da…

(i) Comminuted patellar fractures

2006

Summary Purpose of review This article reviews current best practice for the diagnosis and treatment of comminuted patellar fractures. Recent findings Patellar fractures make up about 1% of all fractures. As a rule, fractures of the patella are caused by direct trauma to the knee. A transverse fracture is the most common fracture type. Open reduction and internal fixation is the treatment of choice for the majority of displaced patellar fractures. Treatment must achieve anatomic reduction of the articular surface and reestablish the continuity of the extensor mechanism. Tension-band wiring, interfragmentary screw fixation and a combination of cerclage wiring and screw fixation are the most …

Effect of neuroscience education on subjects with chronic knee pain related to osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial

2017

In this PhD study, the evidence for the role of central pain mechanisms in people with OA was investigated by means of a narrative and a systematic review of the existent literature. In addition, clinical criteria for recognizing central sensitization in subjects with knee OA are discussed as well as the rationale for a comprehensive integrative treatment program including pain neuroscience education and manual therapy for this population. Clinicians may find some practical problems when combining biomechanical approaches with more brain targeted approaches in a clinical setting, especially in a specific population like OA, where patients are often a bit older and tend to stick with pure bi…

Unusual manifestation of an osteoid osteoma of the capitate.

1999

A case of osteoid osteoma of the capitate in a 29-year-old male is reported. The patient suffered from unspecific clinical findings and a 3-year history of uncharacteristic wrist pain. Conventional radiographs of the wrist revealed a circumscribed sclerosis in the proximal part of the capitate bone beside a diffuse demineralisation of the carpal bones. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a circumscribed, tumorous lesion with marked enhancement after IV administration of contrast agent and a highly calcified nidus, which was sharply demarcated by a small rim of granulation tissue from the surrounding spongious bone. Based on MRI findings, the diagnosis of an osteoid osteoma was establish…

Influence of Drilling Technique on the Radiographic, Thermographic, and Geomorphometric Effects of Dental Implant Drills and Osteotomy Site Preparati…

2020

The aim of this comparative study is to analyze the influence of drilling technique on the radiographic, thermographic, and geomorphometric effects of dental implant drills and osteotomy site preparations. One hundred and twenty osteotomy site preparations were performed on sixty epoxy resin samples using three unused dental implant drill systems and four drilling techniques performed with a random distribution into the following study groups: Group A: drilling technique performed at 800 rpm with irrigation (n = 30)

Breaststroke swimmer's knee

1980

The cause of the breaststroke swimmer's knee with medial pain of the knee joint has not been clearly identified. Breaststroke swimmers with knee pain were, therefore, examined arthros copically. None showed any other disorders of their knees than medial synovitis in seven of nine swimmers. Since structural abnormalities could be ruled out, biomechanical analyses utiliz ing cinematographic techniques were used to study patients swimming in a special flume with the speed set at 90% of their best competitive performance. The results indicate that the extension and flexion and also in some cases the hip abduction and adduction movements of the whip kick were performed with high peak angular ve…