Search results for "Musculoskeletal"

showing 10 items of 1714 documents

Hemispheric cerebellar rTMS to treat drug-resistant epilepsy: case reports.

2005

Electrical stimulation of the cerebellar cortex by implanted electrodes has been shown to ameliorate refractory epilepsy. We investigated the potential therapeutic role of high-frequency cerebellar rTMS in patients affected by refractory epilepsy due to single or multiple foci. Six patients, three with single and three with multiple epileptic foci, underwent 20 rTMS sessions. Each session was given daily, excluding weekends, and consisted of two trains of 50 stimuli (5 Hz frequency and 90% motor threshold intensity), separated by 50s interval. rTMS was delivered through a focal coil (2 cm below and lateral to the inion) bilaterally in patients with multiple foci (two trains for hemisphere: …

AdultMaleCerebellumFocus (geometry)cerebellummedicine.medical_treatmentDrug Resistancebehavioral disciplines and activitiesCentral nervous system diseaseEpilepsyCerebellar Cortexdrug-resistant epilepsymental disordersrTMSmedicineHumansEpilepsymusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral NeuroscienceDRECortical dysplasiamedicine.diseaseDrug Resistant EpilepsyTranscranial Magnetic StimulationTranscranial magnetic stimulationmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemAnesthesiaCerebellar cortexSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemalePsychologypsychological phenomena and processesNeuroscience letters
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Increased facilitation of the primary motor cortex following 1 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the contralateral cerebellum in nor…

2005

Connections between the cerebellum and the contralateral motor cortex are dense and important, but their physiological significance is difficult to measure in humans. We have studied a group of 10 healthy subjects to test whether a modulation of the excitability of the left cerebellum can affect the excitability of the contralateral motor cortex. We used repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) at 1 Hz frequency to transiently depress the excitability of the left cerebellar cortex and paired-pulse TMS testing of intracortical inhibition (ICI) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) to probe the excitability of cortico-cortical connections in the right motor cortex. The cortical sile…

AdultMaleCerebellumTMS Cerebellum Motor cortex Motor evoked potentialsmedicine.medical_treatmentbehavioral disciplines and activitiesSynaptic TransmissionMotor evoked potentialsFunctional LateralityNOCerebellar CortexPurkinje CellsCerebellum; Motor cortex; Motor evoked potentials; TMS;Reference ValuesCerebellumNeural PathwaysmedicineReaction TimeHumansEvoked PotentialsSettore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia Fisiologicamusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyGeneral NeuroscienceInterstimulus intervalMotor CortexNeural InhibitionEvoked Potentials MotorTranscranial Magnetic StimulationElectric StimulationTranscranial magnetic stimulationElectrophysiologyReference Values; Humans; Cerebellum; Neural Inhibition; Electric Stimulation; Cerebellar Cortex; Purkinje Cells; Motor Cortex; Evoked Potentials Motor; Adult; Neural Pathways; Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; Synaptic Transmission; Female; Functional Laterality; Male; Reaction Time; Cerebellar Nucleimedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemMotorCerebellar NucleiTMSCerebellar cortexSilent periodSettore MED/26 - NeurologiaFemalePrimary motor cortexPsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesMotor cortexNeuroscience letters
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Low-frequency rTMS inhibitory effects in the primary motor cortex: Insights from TMS-evoked potentials

2014

The neuromodulatory effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) have been mostly investigated by peripheral motor-evoked potentials (MEPs). New TMS-compatible EEG systems allow a direct investigation of the stimulation effects through the analysis of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs).We investigated the effects of 1-Hz rTMS over the primary motor cortex (M1) of 15 healthy volunteers on TEP evoked by single pulse TMS over the same area. A second experiment in which rTMS was delivered over the primary visual cortex (V1) of 15 healthy volunteers was conducted to examine the spatial specificity of the effects. Single-pulse TMS evoked four main components: P30, N45, P60 and N100. M…

AdultMaleCognitive Neurosciencemedicine.medical_treatmentTMS; EEG; Inhibition; TEPs; N100; GABAbStimulationElectroencephalographyInhibitory postsynaptic potentialbehavioral disciplines and activitiesTMS; EEG; inhibition; GABAb; N100Young AdultmedicineHumansEEGN100Evoked PotentialsInhibitionVisual CortexN100Settore M-PSI/02 - Psicobiologia E Psicologia Fisiologicamedicine.diagnostic_testTEPsmusculoskeletal neural and ocular physiologyMotor CortexElectroencephalographyNeural InhibitionTranscranial Magnetic StimulationTranscranial magnetic stimulationTEPVisual cortexmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemNeurologyTMSGABAbFemaleEvoked PotentialPrimary motor cortexPsychologyNeurosciencepsychological phenomena and processesHumanMotor cortexNeuroImage
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Treatment of tension-type headache with articulatory and suboccipital soft tissue therapy: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical tr…

2013

This study researches the effectiveness of two manual therapy treatments focused on the suboccipital region for tension-type headache. A randomized double-blind clinical trial was conducted over a period of four weeks with a follow-up at one month. Eighty-four patients with a mean age of 39.7 years (SD 11.4) with tension-type headache were assigned to 4 groups which included the following manual therapy treatment: suboccipital soft tissue inhibition; occiput-atlas-axis global manipulation; combination of both techniques; and a control group. The primary assessment consisted of collecting socio-demographic data and headache characteristics in a one-month base period, data such as age, gender…

AdultMaleComplementary and Manual TherapySoft tissue therapymedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationPlaceboDouble blindYoung AdultSex FactorsDouble-Blind MethodmedicineHumansPain ManagementTherapy Soft TissueAgedbusiness.industryTension-Type HeadacheRehabilitationAge FactorsPatient AcuitySoft tissueMiddle AgedMusculoskeletal ManipulationsSurgeryIntensity (physics)Clinical trialComplementary and alternative medicineFemaleHeadachesmedicine.symptomManual therapybusinessJournal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies
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Intra-individual gait patterns across different time-scales as revealed by means of a supervised learning model using kernel-based discriminant regre…

2017

Objective Traditionally, gait analysis has been centered on the idea of average behavior and normality. On one hand, clinical diagnoses and therapeutic interventions typically assume that average gait patterns remain constant over time. On the other hand, it is well known that all our movements are accompanied by a certain amount of variability, which does not allow us to make two identical steps. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in the intra-individual gait patterns across different time-scales (i.e., tens-of-mins, tens-of-hours). Methods Nine healthy subjects performed 15 gait trials at a self-selected speed on 6 sessions within one day (duration between two subsequent ses…

AdultMaleComputer and Information SciencesKinematicsPhysiologySocial SciencesWalkingHuman GeographyModels BiologicalMachine LearningArtificial IntelligenceSupport Vector MachinesMedicine and Health SciencesHumansLearningGaitMusculoskeletal SystemBehaviorData ProcessingGeographyBiological LocomotionPhysicsBiology and Life SciencesClassical MechanicsPhysical SciencesEarth SciencesHuman MobilityFemaleAnatomyGait AnalysisInformation TechnologyResearch ArticlePloS one
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Behavior of fascicles and the myotendinous junction of human medial gastrocnemius following eccentric strength training

2009

This study is the first in which measurements of thickness, fascicle angle and length, and tendon elongation were combined to examine the impact of eccentric strength training on both muscle architecture and tendinous structures. Eighteen healthy male subjects were divided into an eccentric strength training group (n = 10) and a control group (n = 8). The training program consisted of 18 sessions of eccentric exercises over a 7-week period. All subjects were tested at baseline and after the last training session. Using ultrasound imaging, the fascicle angle and length and thickness of the medial gastrocnemius (MG) were analyzed at rest (i.e., theta(p), Fl(p), and t(p), respectively), at 50%…

AdultMaleContraction (grammar)PhysiologyStrength trainingMuscle Fibers SkeletalIsometric exerciseTendonsWeight-BearingYoung AdultCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceIsometric ContractionTensile StrengthPhysiology (medical)medicineHumansEccentricMuscle StrengthMuscle SkeletalUltrasonographybusiness.industryAnatomyFasciclemusculoskeletal systemElasticityBiomechanical PhenomenaExercise TherapyTendonmedicine.anatomical_structurePhysical FitnessNeurology (clinical)medicine.symptomMuscle architecturebusinessMuscle ContractionMuscle contractionMuscle & Nerve
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Axial loading and posture cues in contraction of transversus abdominis and multifidus with exercise

2020

AbstractAstronauts are at increased risk of spine injury. With a view to developing training approaches for the muscles of the spine in microgravity, this study examined the effects of axial loading and postural cues on the contraction of transversus abdominis and lumbar multifidus in supine lying using a novel exercise device (GravityFit). Thirty (18 males and 12 females) endurance-trained runners without a history of spinal pain aged 33–55 years were recruited. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed under one rest and five exercise conditions, which involved variations in axial loading and postural cues. Whole volume of the abdominal and lumbar paraspinal muscles was imaged and tr…

AdultMaleContraction (grammar)Supine positionPhysiologyPostureParaspinal Muscleslcsh:MedicinelihaksetArticleWeight-Bearing03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineLumbarselkärankamedicineHumansTransversus abdominislcsh:Sciencespine injuryAbdominal MusclesMultidisciplinaryMusculoskeletal systemmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryWeightlessnesslcsh:RMagnetic resonance imaging030229 sport sciencesAnatomyMiddle AgedSpinal painSpinal InjuriesSpine injurylcsh:QFemalebiomekaniikkavoimaharjoittelumedicine.symptombusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMuscle contractionMuscle ContractionPhysical Conditioning Human
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''Alterations with Movement Duration in the Kinematics of a Whole Body Pointing Movement''

2013

Casteran, Matthieu | Manckoundia, Patrick | Pozzo, Thierry | Thomas, Elizabeth; International audience; ''Our aim was to investigate how the organization of a whole body movement is altered when movement duration (MD) is varied. Subjects performed the same whole body pointing movement over long, normal and short MDs. The kinematic trajectories were then analyzed on a normalized time base. A principal components analysis (PCA) revealed that the degree of coordination between the elevation angles of the body did not change with MD. This lack of significant differences in the coordination was interesting given that small spatial and temporal differences were observed in the individual kinemati…

AdultMaleDYNAMICSAnatomy and PhysiologyTime FactorsCOMPUTATIONAL MODELMovementBiophysicsNeurophysiologylcsh:MedicineAngular velocityKinematicsNeurological SystemARM MOVEMENTHumansBiomechanicsSPEEDlcsh:ScienceBiologyMusculoskeletal SystemJoint (geology)Motor SystemsPrincipal Component AnalysisCOORDINATIONMultidisciplinaryNormalized TimeMovement (music)Physicslcsh:RElevationAMPLITUDESEGMENTS''MUSCLE ACTIVATIONGeodesyBiomechanical PhenomenaSEGMENTSCOMMUNITYEQUILIBRIUMDuration (music)Principal component analysis''ARM MOVEMENT[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/NeuroscienceMedicineFemaleJointslcsh:QGeologyResearch ArticleNeuroscience
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Comparison of implant primary stability between maxillary edentulous ridges receiving intramembranous origin block grafts

2012

Purpose: The purposes of the present study were: to compare the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) values of implant placed in either ramus or calvaria block grafts; and to determine if implant diameter influences RFA implant stability quotient (ISQ) value. Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 16 consecutives healthy patients treated with autogenous onlay block grafts for horizontal bone reconstruction in maxilla. Ten ramus and ten calvaria block graft treated patients were selected and compared. Results: Totally, 59 implants were placed, 35 (59.3%) were placed on the calvaria bone grafts and the remaining 24 (40.7%) were on the ramus bone graft. Of all the imp…

AdultMaleDentistryCalvariaOdontologíaYoung AdultmedicineMaxillaHumansJaw EdentulousGeneral DentistryRetrospective StudiesTreated groupBone Transplantationbusiness.industryMiddle Aged:CIENCIAS MÉDICAS [UNESCO]Implant stability quotientmusculoskeletal systemCiencias de la saludResonance frequency analysismedicine.anatomical_structureOtorhinolaryngologyBone transplantationMaxillaIntramembranous ossificationUNESCO::CIENCIAS MÉDICASSurgeryFemaleResearch-ArticleImplantOral Surgerybusiness
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Comparisons of Musculoskeletal Complaints and Data Entry Between a Sitting and a Sit-Stand Workstation Paradigm

2009

Background: Seated working positions are often regarded as a cause for discomfort in the musculoskeletal system. Performing work in different working positions—that is, alternating between sitting and standing (sit-stand workstation paradigm)—could help reduce physical complaints. Objective: The questions were whether performing office work partly in a standing position leads to reduced complaints and whether standing would change the efficiency of data entry office work. Method: We investigated the effect of a sit-stand workstation paradigmd during experimental data entry office work on physical and psychological complaints and data entry efficiency by conducting a randomized controlled t…

AdultMaleEngineeringmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentWorkstationPostureHuman Factors and ErgonomicsData entrySittingWork physiologylaw.inventionUser-Computer InterfaceYoung AdultBehavioral NeuroscienceMusculoskeletal disorderRandomized controlled triallawmedicineHumansMusculoskeletal DiseasesWorkplaceApplied PsychologyCross-Over Studiesbusiness.industryHuman factors and ergonomicsEquipment Designmedicine.diseaseMusculoskeletal discomfortBiomechanical PhenomenaOccupational DiseasesPhysical therapybusinessHuman Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society
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