Search results for "Musculoskeletal"

The effects of technology-utilising rehabilitation on rehabilitees' physical activity: a prospective cohort study

2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of technology-utilising rehabilitation on different intensities of physical activity (PA) and determine the explanatory factors of PA change. This was a prospective cohort study. Cardiac, musculoskeletal and vocational rehabilitees (N = 36) had 6 months of rehabilitation, which included guided training and counselling face-to-face as well as through distance technology. PA (total, light, moderate, vigorous) was measured by an activity tracker. Biopsychosocial questionnaires, waist circumference, PA measurements and m-coach activity were used to determine the factors that influence PA change. Technology-utilising rehabilitation improved li…

Muscle Function Differences between Patients with Bulbar and Spinal Onset Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Does It Depend on Peripheral Glucose?

2021

Background: One of the pathogenic mechanisms of ALS disease is perturbed energy metabolism particularly glucose metabolism. Given the substantial difference in the severity and the prognosis of the disease, depending on whether it has a bulbar or spinal onset, the aim of the study was to determine metabolic differences between both types of ALS, as well as the possible relationship with muscle function. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, analytical, quantitative, and transversal study was carried out in hospitals and Primary Care centers in the region of Valencia, Spain. Fasting glucose and alkaline phosphatase (AP) levels in venous blood, muscle percentage, fat percentage, muscle streng…

Is it still important to be light in ski jumping?

2019

In ski jumping low body weight development resulted in some serious underweight problems and therefore the International Ski Federation (FIS) decided to solve the problem by relating maximum ski length to Body Mass Index (BMI) in 2004. The present study examined the current relationship between body weight, ski length and performance (jumping distance) in ski jumping. By adopting the BMI regulation to specifications for competition equipment, the FIS succeeded in stopping the alarming development of underweight problems in ski jumping. However, as the results of the present study show, the BMI regulation adopted by the FIS has reduced the advantage of being light, but despite the use of sho…

Long-Term Potentiation in the Neonatal Rat Barrel Cortex In Vivo

2012

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is important for the activity-dependent formation of early cortical circuits. In the neonatal rodent barrel cortex, LTP has been studied only in vitro . We combined voltage-sensitive dye imaging with extracellular multielectrode recordings to study whisker stimulation-induced LTP in the whisker-to-barrel cortex pathway of the neonatal rat barrel cortex in vivo . Single whisker stimulation at 2 Hz for 10 min induced an age-dependent expression of LTP in postnatal day (P) 0 to P14 rats, with the strongest expression of LTP at P3–P5. The magnitude of LTP was largest in the activated barrel-related column, smaller in the surrounding septal region, and no LTP could b…

2002

Previous observations have suggested a role for nitric oxide in the activity of the globus pallidus, but this functional involvement has not yet been tested in vivo. The extracellular activity of single units of the globus pallidus was recorded, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase was inhibited by systemically administering 7-nitro-indazole to a group of anaesthetised rats. Forty-five per cent of cells responded with a decrease in the firing rate. In another group of rats, the microiontophoretic administration of 3-morpholino-sydnonimin-hydrocloride (a nitric oxide donor) induced an increase in neuronal firing rate (24/28 cells), whereas the administration of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester…

Effects of an invasive crayfish on the littoral macroinvertebrates of large boreal lakes are habitat specific

2013

Summary Invasive crayfish are widely acknowledged to have negative effects on benthic food webs in lakes, but few studies have investigated such effects at wider spatial scales and in varying habitats under natural conditions. We examined the effects of introduced signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) on the macroinvertebrate assemblages of different habitats in two large boreal lakes. We evaluated whether the density, taxon richness and species composition are altered by the non-native crayfish and whether the responses are similar for stony and vegetated habitats and across a depth gradient. We also studied the influence of crayfish on periphyton biomass at stony sites, as a potentia…

Detection of exercise load-associated differences in hip muscles by texture analysis

2014

We examined whether specific physical exercise loading is associated with texture parameters from hip muscles scanned with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ninety-one female athletes representing five distinct exercise-loading groups (high-impact, odd-impact, low-impact, nonimpact and high-magnitude) and 20 nonathletic female controls underwent MRI of the hip. Texture parameters were computed from the MRI images of four hip muscles (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, iliopsoas and obturator internus). Differences in muscle texture between the athlete groups and the controls were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U-test. Significant (P < 0.05) textural differences were found between the high-impac…

Neurotrophic effects of central nicotinic receptor activation

2000

A growing number of data have shown that compounds interacting with neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) have, both in vivo and in vitro, the potential to be neuroprotective and that treatment with nAChR agonists elicit long-lasting improvement of cognitive performance in a variety of behavioural tests in rats, monkeys and humans. Epidemiological and clinical studies suggested also a potential neuroprotective/trophic role of (-)-nicotine in neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. This neuroprotective/trophic role of nAChR activation has been mainly mediated by alpha7 and alpha4beta2 nAChR subtypes, as evidenced using selective nAChR ant…

Field-Based Health-Related Physical Fitness Tests in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review

2021

Physical fitness (PF) is a multi-component construct and a biomarker of health. Worse PF is related to vulnerability and predicts worse academic achievements. Thus, assessing PF is important to monitor health in youth. This systematic review aimed to identify and inform physical education, health professionals and entities about existing PF batteries and field-tests that can be used in school settings. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in five electronic databases (Academic Search Complete, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) to identify PF battery protocols that can be carried out in the school setting. Overall, 24 PF batteries were i…

Osteoma osteoide de localización escapular: descripción de un caso

2012

Presentamos el caso de un paciente, con dolor en el hombro de predominio nocturno y que diagnosticamos como Osteoma Osteoide localizado en la escápula izquierda. El tratamiento con salicilatos no fue efectivo para mejorar el dolor y se procedió a la resección abierta y cauterización de la lesión. El resultado fue satisfactorio y actualmente el paciente permanece asintomático. We report a case of a patient with pain worse at night, located at the elbow. Osteoid Osteoma of the scapula was diagnosed. Pain was not relieved by Salycilates. Open surgical treatment and cauterization were the treatment elected in our case. Pain regressed inmediatly after surgery and the patient was asimptomatic sin…