Search results for "Mush"
showing 10 items of 133 documents
Polyphenol Characterization, Antioxidant and Skin Whitening Properties of Alnus cordata Stem Bark
2019
In this study, we investigated the phenolic composition of the crude extract (MeOH 80 %) of Alnus cordata (Loisel.) Duby stem bark (ACE) and its antioxidant and skin whitening properties. RP-LC-DAD analysis showed a high content of hydroxycinnamic acids (47.64 %), flavanones (26.74 %) and diarylheptanoids (17.69 %). Furthermore, ACE exhibited a dose-dependent antioxidant and free-radical scavenging activity, expressed as half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50 ): Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC, IC50 1.78 μg mL-1 )>Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC, IC50 3.47 μg mL-1 )>2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, IC50 5.83 μg mL-1 )>β-carotene bleaching (IC50 11.58 μg mL-1 )…
Modeling the insect mushroom bodies: application to a delayed match-to-sample task.
2013
Despite their small brains, insects show advanced capabilities in learning and task solving. Flies, honeybees and ants are becoming a reference point in neuroscience and a main source of inspiration for autonomous robot design issues and control algorithms. In particular, honeybees demonstrate to be able to autonomously abstract complex associations and apply them in tasks involving different sensory modalities within the insect brain. Mushroom Bodies (MBs) are worthy of primary attention for understanding memory and learning functions in insects. In fact, even if their main role regards olfactory conditioning, they are involved in many behavioral achievements and learning capabilities, as …
Bibliometric analysis of European publications between 2001 and 2016 on concentrations of selected elements in mushrooms.
2020
This article presents a bibliometric study of 200 European publications released between 2001 and 2016, about the contamination of mushrooms by selected elements. The analysis includes figures on the type of analyte, its concentration, the species of fungi, and its country of origin. In the literature review, 492 species of mushrooms (wild-growing and cultured) found in 26 European countries and their concentration of 74 associated elements were analysed. The papers, which dealt mainly with the heavy metal (Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn) concentrations of mushrooms, primarily came from Turkey, Poland, Spain, and the Czech Republic. More than 50% of the publications provided data about edible mushr…
Ascorbic acid degradation kinetics in mushrooms in a high-temperature short-time process controlled by a thermoresistometer
2004
Abstract The degradation of ascorbic acid was studied in mushrooms heated at temperatures between 110 and 140°C, high-temperature short-time conditions, in a five-channel computer-controlled thermoresistometer. The kinetics parameters were calculated on the assumption that there are 2 degradation mechanisms, one aerobic (during the first few seconds of the process) and the other anaerobic. The 2 stages followed first-order reaction kinetics, with E a =46.36 kJ/mol for aerobic degradation and E a =49.57 kJ/mol for anaerobic degradation.
Taxonomic Identity, Geographic Distribution, and Commercial Exploitation of the Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis (Basidiomycetes)
2016
An updated overview of the outcome of studies conducted on the culinary-medicinal mushroom Pleurotus nebrodensis is presented by placing emphasis on the clarification of the taxonomic identity of P. nebrodensis and other related taxa possessing entirely white to cream basidiomes, which grow in association with different plants of the family Apiaceae. Cultivation techniques, quality of the product sold and sales price, as well as nutritional and medicinal aspects are discussed. Taking also into consideration the high economic importance of P. nebrodensis, it is essential to proceed with the verification of the commercial strains currently available in the international market under the name …
A Fly-Inspired Mushroom Bodies Model for Sensory-Motor Control Through Sequence and Subsequence Learning
2016
Classification and sequence learning are relevant capabilities used by living beings to extract complex information from the environment for behavioral control. The insect world is full of examples where the presentation time of specific stimuli shapes the behavioral response. On the basis of previously developed neural models, inspired by Drosophila melanogaster, a new architecture for classification and sequence learning is here presented under the perspective of the Neural Reuse theory. Classification of relevant input stimuli is performed through resonant neurons, activated by the complex dynamics generated in a lattice of recurrent spiking neurons modeling the insect Mushroom Bodies n…
Monstruosities under the inkcap mushrooms
2006
Comunicación presentada al VI Meeting on Genetics and Cellular Biology of Basidiomycetes (GCBB-VI), organizado por y celebrado en la Universidad Pública de Navarra el 3-6 de junio de 2005. Four different Inkcaps were isolated from horse dung and tested for growth on different medium. In addition to normal-shaped mushrooms, three of the isolates formed fruiting body-like structures resembling the anamorphs of Rhacophyllus lilaceus, a species originally believed to be asexual. Teleomorphs of this species were later found and are known as Coprinus clastophyllus, respectively Coprinopsis clastophylla. The fourth of our isolates also forms mushrooms but most of them are of crippled shape. Well-s…
The cultivation of Pleurotus and Lentinus mushrooms in tropical and subtropical areas: an overview
2010
The cultivation of edible mushrooms dates back a long time (CHANG & QUIMIO, 1982). The oyster mushrooms [Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm.] are among the most popular edible mushrooms, and their cultivation is practiced throughout the world (KONG, 2004). P. ostreatus (Jacq.) P. Kumm. is the most widely-cultivated Pleurotus species for which many commercial strains have been developed. Other Pleurotus spp., i.e. P. cystidiosus O.K. Mill., P. djamor (Rumph. ex Fr.) Boedijn and P. pulmomarius (Fr.) Quél., are also exploited in both tropical and subtropical regions. In addition, Lentinus tuber-regium (Fr.) Fr., a common mushroom species in the southern part of Nigeria, is being studied and cultivated fo…
Polysaccharides from Pleurotus eryngii var. elaeoselini (Agaricomycetes), a New Potential Culinary-Medicinal Oyster Mushroom from Italy.
2020
Three water-soluble glucans (PELPS-A1, PELPS-A2, and PELPS-A3) purified from the hot water extract of the basidiomata of an edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii var. elaeoselini by chromatography on DEAE-cellulose 32 and Sephadex G-100 column were found to consist of only D-glucose as monosaccharide constituent. Structural investigation was carried out by acid hydrolysis, periodate oxidation, and NMR experiments (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, DQF-COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HMQC, and HMBC). On the basis of these experiments, the structures of the repeating unit of the three isolated polysaccharides were established as follows: (1) PELPS-A1: {[→3)-α-D-Glcp-(1→]3→4)-α-D-Glcp-(1→2)-α-D-Glcp-(1→6)-α-D-Glcp-(1[→6)-β-D-…
Non-chromatographic speciation of mercury in mushrooms
2016
A fast, sensitive and cheap procedure has been developed for the determination of inorganic mercury (i-Hg) and organic mercury (o-Hg) in mushroom samples. The procedure is based on the use of cold vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CV-AFS). The method involves the extraction of total mercury (t-Hg) with diluted HCl, followed by measurements of the corresponding Hg vapour under two different conditions: (i) directly to determine i-Hg, and (ii) after oxidation with a mixture KBr/KBrO3 to determine t-Hg. o-Hg was estimated from the difference between t-Hg and i-Hg. Previous studies were focused on the assessment of different reagents for mercury extraction and breakdown of organomercury …