Search results for "Musical instrument"

Event-related brain potentials to change in the frequency and temporal structure of sounds in typically developing 5-6-year-old children.

2015

The brain's ability to recognize different acoustic cues (e.g., frequency changes in rapid temporal succession) is important for speech perception and thus for successful language development. Here we report on distinct event-related potentials (ERPs) in 5-6-year-old children recorded in a passive oddball paradigm to repeated tone pair stimuli with a frequency change in the second tone in the pair, replicating earlier findings. An occasional insertion of a third tone within the tone pair generated a more merged pattern, which has not been reported previously in 5-6-year-old children. Both types of deviations elicited pre-attentive discriminative mismatch negativity (MMN) and late discrimina…

Do informal musical activities shape auditory skill development in preschool-age children?

2013

The influence of formal musical training on auditory cognition has been well established. For the majority of children, however, musical experience does not primarily consist of adult-guided training on a musical instrument. Instead, young children mostly engage in everyday musical activities such as singing and musical play. Here, we review recent electrophysiological and behavioral studies carried out in our laboratory and elsewhere which have begun to map how developing auditory skills are shaped by such informal musical activities both at home and in playschool-type settings. Although more research is still needed, the evidence emerging from these studies suggests that, in addition to f…

Caratterizzazione delle vernici da antichi strumenti musicali.

2011

Micro-analytical identification of the components of varnishes from South Italian historical musical instruments by PLM, ESEM-EDX, microFTIR, GC-MS, …

2014

Abstract A multi-analytical investigation was carried out to study varnish micro-samples from historical stringed musical instruments from the collection of the “Vincenzo Bellini” Conservatory in Palermo (Italy). This paper reports on the results of the application of five micro-destructive techniques: optical microscopy analysis of cross-sections, micro-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, pyrolysis gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry with thermochemolysis, and environmental scanning electron microscopy with X-ray microanalysis. The study provides microchemical information about the composition of the varnishes of the ins…

Informed Play: Approaching a Concept and Biology of Tone Production on Early Modern Lute Instruments

2018

Informed Play presents a conceptual understanding of tone production based on extensive historical research on primary sources, modern literature and handbook reviews, physical and psychological perspectives as well as on technology. As the first volume in English to discuss and contextualise the topic of tone production on Early Modern lute instruments from a broad, interdisciplinary approach, it represents a unique and significant contribution to research on Early Music performance, particularly performance on lute instruments. At a lute-centred level, this book challenges many preconceptions about tone production by addressing the motivations behind certain choices made in and embraced b…

Exploring relationships between effort, motion, and sound in new musical instruments

2020

We investigated how the action–sound relationships found in electric guitar performance can be used in the design of new instruments. Thirty-one trained guitarists performed a set of basic sound-producing actions (impulsive, sustained, and iterative) and free improvisations on an electric guitar. We performed a statistical analysis of the muscle activation data (EMG) and audio recordings from the experiment. Then we trained a long short-term memory network with nine different configurations to map EMG signal to sound. We found that the preliminary models were able to predict audio energy features of free improvisations on the guitar, based on the dataset of raw EMG from the basic soundprodu…

Can We Buy Virtue? Implications from State University Funding On Musical Instrument Performance Teacher Mandate

2021

Recent world developments have put a strain on the humanities in general, and higher education music performance study degree-programmes in particular. In an educational system currently promoting consumer-product relationships where the music performance teacher is very much accountable for the students’ development into professional musicians and, recently, also sustainable world citizens, we must give more attention to what, whom and why we educate? This chapter is an armchair analytical philosophical continuation of a paper published elsewhere (Rolfhamre, 2020). Taking the lead from Julia Annas’ (2011) virtue-as-skill, I will, here, elaborate on what implications the Norwegian state hig…

Die Hand des Musikers - Musikphysiologische und musikermedizinische Aspekte

2000

Musicians are particularly demanding hand patients. Increased expectancy towards the hand surgeon as well as principle aversion to any kind of operative treatment of the musician's hand impede the relationship between hand surgeon and patient. Knowledge and experience of the specific demands towards the musician's hand--including the background of basics in physiology of music making and instrumental techniques--facilitate history taking, examinations, diagnosing as well as the selection of therapy. Besides tendinitis and tendovaginitis, pathologies of the musician's hand are not more frequent compared to the entire population. Still several pathologies reach a significantly pronounced impo…

Hyperspectral venous image quality assessment for optimum illumination range selection based on skin tone characteristics

2014

Background Subcutaneous veins localization is usually performed manually by medical staff to find suitable vein to insert catheter for medication delivery or blood sample function. The rule of thumb is to find large and straight enough vein for the medication to flow inside of the selected blood vessel without any obstruction. The problem of peripheral difficult venous access arises when patient’s veins are not visible due to any reason like dark skin tone, presence of hair, high body fat or dehydrated condition, etc. Methods To enhance the visibility of veins, near infrared imaging systems is used to assist medical staff in veins localization process. Optimum illumination is crucial to obt…

Leisure activity patterns and their associations with overweight: A prospective study among adolescents

2007

We examined longitudinal associations between individual leisure activities (television viewing, video viewing, computer games, listening to music, board games, musical instrument playing, reading, arts, crafts, socializing, clubs or scouts, sports, outdoor activities) and being overweight using logistic regression and latent class analysis in a cohort of Finnish twins responding to self-report questionnaires at 11–12 (N=5184), 14, and 17 years. We also studied activity patterns (“Active and sociable”, “Active but less sociable”, “Passive but sociable”, “Passive and solitary”) thought to represent different lifestyles. Among boys, activity patterns did not predict becoming overweight, but s…