Search results for "Mutant"

Déterminisme du pouvoir protecteur de Fusarium oxysporum : recherche de gènes impliqués dans l'interaction protectrice avec la tomate

2007

Fusarium oxysporum is a common soil borne fungus, well represented in every type of soils, throughout the world. This species includes pathogenic strains inducing severe diseases in many crops and strains able to protect a plant against the infection by a pathogenic strain. The protective strains are not only non pathogenic strains isolated from suppressive soils but also pathogenic strains applied to a non host plant. The protective capacity of these strains is mainly based on mechanisms of competition and induced resistance of the plant The main objective of this work was to identify fungal genes involved in the protective capacity of these strains and associated to the elicitation of pla…

Réponses adaptatives du Pois protéagineux à une perturbation de la fixation symbiotique d'azote en relation avec le métabolisme carboné

2013

PPHD: une plateforme pour le phenotypage a haut debit

2012

International audience; The methodologies for genotyping and high throughput automated platforms for the production of type-omics (genomics, transcriptomics, protected omics ...) have greatly increased over the last few years and are now available to analyze the expression of genes of plants in several environmental conditions. However, a break of conceptual and technical services, non-destructive characterization and dynamic phenotypes, at the organ or plarite, has hundreds of related genotypes (Broadband) remains the limiting factor for the discovery of new characters or new varieties. This systematic exploration of diversity. Genetics within a species or between species requires platform…

Study of the adaptative response of N2 fixation to a root pruning in peas using environmental and genetic variations

2013

International audience; Pea is the first grain legume grown in Europe for its seeds rich in protein. As a legume, it has the ability to fix atmospheric N2 by the symbiosis with Rhyzobium bacteria. Still, N nutrition can be a limiting factor of pea yield, due to a high sensitivity of symbiotic N2 fixation to biotic stress like Aphanomyces that leads to root rots. The consequences of root damage on nodules and their N2 fixing activity and the possible adaptive response of plants still remain unknown. Root pruning could be an innovative experimental way to study these effects, resulting both in nodules and N2 deprivation. Still, researches described the adaptive responses of plants to a local …

Identification of Traits Implicated in the Rhizosphere Competence of Fluorescent Pseudomonads: Description of a Strategy Based on Population and Mode…

2009

E-book; International audience; The lack of consistency of the beneficial effects of inoculated fluorescent pseudomonads has often been related to their bad survival in the rhizosphere. In this review, we describe the strategy followed over the last decade to study traits involved in the rhizosphere competence of these bacteria. The diversity of indigenous populations associated with plant roots was first compared to that of populations associated with uncultivated soils in order to identify traits that discriminate these populations. The involvement of these bacterial traits in the rhizosphere competence was then assessed by comparing the competitiveness of a wild-type strain to that of mu…

Characterization of Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) genes implicated in arbuscular mycorrhiza formation and function

2010

The arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) association results from a successful interaction between the genomes of the two symbiotic partners. In this context, the aim of my research was to better characterize the role of the late stage symbiosis-related pea genes PsSym36, PsSym33 and PsSym40 in the functional AM (i) by investigating the effect of mutations in the three genes on fungal and plant gene responses and (ii) by creating conditions for the localization of two of the genes, PsSym36 and PsSym40, on the pea genetic map for future map-based cloning. The expression of a subset of ten fungal and eight plant genes,previously reported to be activated during mycorrhiza development, was compared in G…

Effect of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) gene PsSym36 on Glomus intraradices gene expression

2007

International audience; The Pisum sativum L. mutant RisNod24 (Pssym36) is defective for arbuscular mycorrhiza formation in late stages of AM. Recent studies identified some plant genes up- and down- regulated at stage of arbuscular development using pea mutant RisNod24, but nothing is still known about fungal gene inactivation. To investigate effect of PsSym36 pea gene on fungal gene expression, Glomus intraradices genes which have been previously identified as markers of successful symbiosis development (Seddas et al., unpublished results) were chosen. List of AM genes used in this study: signalling, transcription, protein turn-over (RHO/GDP dissociation inhibitor, Peptidylprolyl isomerase…

Changes in polypeptide profiles of two pea genotypes inoculated with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae

1994

The symbiotic interaction between pea roots ('Pisum sativum' L.) and the endomycorrhizal fungus 'Glomus mosseae' should lead to specific gene expression of both symbionts. In order to detect symbiosis-related proteins (endomycorrhizins), we used two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) after phenolic extraction of total soluble proteins. Furthermore, to better characterize the molecular changes after fungal infection, two pea genotypes available in our laboratory were used: cv. Frisson (myc⁺) and an isogenic mycorrhiza-resistant mutant (myc⁻). The latter prevents intraradical fungal development. Several differences were observed in polypeptide patterns of silver-stained …

Contribution of proteomics to arbuscular mycorrhiza in Medicago truncatula

2007

International audience; Because proteins are key effectors of plant responses to environmental cues including recognition, signalling, transport and defence reactions, main interest has been paid to characterize those involved in the establishment and functioning of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. In our group, the setting up of high throughput proteomic techniques on the model species, Medicago truncatula, is providing step-by-step a large-scale analysis of AM symbiosis-related proteins. Depending on the symbiotic stage targeted and on the abundance of mycorrhizal material, different proteomic strategies that can be combined with other large-scale approaches (transcriptomic and meta…

Pea TILLING platform

2007

Includes the Final Dissemination Event of the EU Grain Legumes Integrated Project; International audience