Search results for "N 1"
showing 10 items of 1053 documents
Influence of Vascular Load on Plasma Endothelin-1, Cytokines and Catecholamine Levels in Essential Hypertensives
1998
In vitro studies demonstrated a relationship between ET-1 and basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF), and of bFGF with Platelet Derived Growth Factor (PDGF). The present study was carried out to investigate in vivo the behaviour after vascular stress of circulating ET-1, bFGF and PDGF, and catecholamines, and their relationship. In 12 healthy normotensives (NTs) and 15 essential hypertensives (Ehs) venous blood samples to determine circulating ET-1, bFGF and PDGF, and catecholamine (EPI and NE) levels were drawn before and at the third minute of a handgrip test. Blood pressures (BP) and heart rate were automatically recorded before starting, and at 1, 2, and 3 minutes during the test. The NT…
Estrogen regulates cytokine production and apoptosis in PMA-differentiated, macrophage-like U937 cells
2003
We have investigated the effects of sex steroids, estradiol (E2), and testosterone (T) on the synthesis of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in phorbol-myristate-acetate (PMA)-differentiated human monoblastic U937 cells. The ability of both hormones to modulate the viability and programmed cell death of macrophage-like PMA-differentiated U937 cells was also inspected. E2 increased TNF-alpha synthesis, whereas T had no effect on the production of this cytokine. The combination of E2 and its antagonist tamoxifen or ICI-182,789 completely abolished the induction of TNF-alpha, while combination of T and its antagonist Casodex (CSDX) did not significantly affect …
Early urinary sodium trajectory and risk of adverse outcomes in acute heart failure and renal dysfunction.
2021
Introduction and objectives: Urinary sodium (UNa+) has emerged as a useful biomarker of poor clinical outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF). Here, we sought to evaluate: a) the usefulness of a single early determination of UNa+ for predicting adverse outcomes in patients with AHF and renal dysfunction, and b) whether the change in UNa+ at 24 hours (Delta UNa24 h) adds any additional prognostic information over baseline values. Methods: This is a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter, open-label, randomized clinical trial (IMPROVE-HF) (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02643147) that randomized 160 patients with AHF and renal dysfunction on admission to a) the standard diuretic strategy, or b) a carbohydra…
Retinoids induce MMP-9 expression through RARalpha during mammary gland remodeling.
2007
Retinoic acid (RA) is a signaling molecule in the morphogenesis of the mammary gland, modulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The aim of this paper was to study the role of RA during weaning, which consists of three events: apoptosis of the secretory cells, degradation of the extracellular matrix, and adipogenesis. CRABP II and CRBP-1 carrier proteins increased significantly during weaning compared with lactating glands but reverted to control values after the litter resuckled. The effects of RA are mediated by the nuclear receptors RARalpha, RARbeta, RARgamma, and RXRalpha, which underwent an increase in protein levels during weaning. In an attempt to elucidate the R…
Regulation of cytokine expression by interferon-alpha in human bone marrow stromal cells: inhibition of hematopoietic growth factors and induction of…
1994
We investigated the effects of interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on the expression of cytokines by human bone marrow stromal cells. Production of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), granulocyte-CSF (G-CSF), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in stromal cell layers was induced by incubation with IL-1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Addition of IFN-alpha to such stimulated cultures resulted in a strong downregulation of mRNA expression of GM-CSF and IL-1 beta. Similarly, the protein levels of GM- CSF and IL-1 beta were significantly reduced by IFN-alpha, whereas G- CSF production was only moderately inhibited. In contrast, IFN-alpha markedly …
Responses to self and non-self intestinal microflora in health and inflammatory bowel disease.
1997
Oxidized Albumin and Cartilage Acidic Protein-1 as Blood Biomarkers to Predict Ischemic Stroke Outcomes.
2021
Background: There is high demand for blood biomarkers that reflect the therapeutic response or predict the outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, few biomarkers have been evidentially verified to date. This study evaluated two proteins, oxidized albumin (OxHSA) and cartilage acidic protein-1 (CRTAC1), as potential prognostic markers of AIS.Methods: The ratio of OxHSA to normal albumin (%OxHSA) and the level of CRTAC1 in the sera of 74 AIS patients were analyzed on admission (day 0), and at 1 and 7 days after admission. AIS patients were divided into two groups according to their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after discharge: the low-mRS (mRS < 2) gr…
Receptor Recognition Sites of Cytokines Are Organized as Exchangeable Modules
1999
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) are "4-helical bundle" cytokines of the IL-6 type family of neuropoietic and hematopoietic cytokines. IL-6 signals by induction of a gp130 homodimer (e.g. IL-6), whereas CNTF and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signal via a heterodimer of gp130 and LIF receptor (LIFR). Despite binding to the same receptor component (gp130) and a similar protein structure, IL-6 and CNTF share only 6% sequence identity. Using molecular modeling we defined a putative LIFR binding epitope on CNTF that consists of three distinct regions (C-terminal A-helix/N-terminal AB loop, BC loop, C-terminal CD-loop/N-terminal D-helix). A corresponding gp130-bindin…
SIRT1 regulation of insulin-signalling pathways in liver, white adipose tissue and pancreas during fasting or calorie restriction
2007
In an excellent review by Yang et al.[1], published in issue 5 of Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, the involvement of the human sirtuin SIRT1 in nutrient-sensing and insulin-signalling pathways is explained. The regulation of SIRT1 with fasting in liver, pancreas and white adipose tissue is illustrated (see Figure 2 of Yang et al.). We consider that the depiction in the article by Yang et al. could be misleading for the reader, and we propose a modified version (Figure 1).