Search results for "NAC"
showing 10 items of 4556 documents
Las medidas restrictivas de la Unión Europea y su incidencia en los Derechos Humanos. Estudio del caso de Irán
2020
La presente tesis doctoral tiene por objeto el estudio de las medidas restrictivas que impone la Unión Europea (UE) contra individuos y entidades. Este instrumento es el reflejo de la evolución de la práctica internacional en materia de sanciones. Durante la década de 1990, conocida como la década de las sanciones, el recurso a medidas coercitivas unilaterales experimentó un notable incremento. Las graves consecuencias humanitarias que su adopción provocó en la población civil derivaron en una evolución hacia el concepto de sanción inteligente. Se pasó de las sanciones generales a los regímenes de medidas restrictivas de carácter selectivo en pro del respeto a los derechos humanos. No obsta…
Prenda de Créditos
2015
La seguridad jurídica es un principio básico de nuestro ordenamiento e implica, en general, la previsibilidad de los efectos de los contratos, tanto en cuanto a la confianza en su cumplimiento, como en la determinación de las consecuencias de su incumplimiento. Trasladado dicho principio al ámbito de las garantías reales, lo que se espera de la construcción normativa de las mismas es, de una parte, unas normas claras de constitución y oponibilidad, y de otra, un procedimiento seguro de ejecución. Sin embargo, la clara distinción procedente de la época codificadora, entre garantías inmobiliarias sin desplazamiento posesorio (hipoteca), y garantías mobiliarias con desplazamiento posesorio (pr…
Insights on Hydrothermal‐Magmatic Interactions and Eruptive Processes at Poás Volcano (Costa Rica) From High‐Frequency Gas Monitoring and Drone Measu…
2019
Texto completo del documento Identification of unambiguous signals of volcanic unrest is crucial in hazard assessment. Processes leading to phreatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions remain poorly understood, inhibiting effective eruption forecasting. Our 5‐year gas record from Poás volcano, combined with geophysical data, reveals systematic behavior associated with hydrothermal‐magmatic eruptions. Three eruptive episodes are covered, each with distinct geochemical and geophysical characteristics. Periods with larger eruptions tend to be associated with stronger excursions in monitoring data, particularly in SO2/CO2 and SO2 flux. The explosive 2017 phreatomagmatic eruption was the largest erupt…
Computational Experiments with the Roots of Fibonacci-like Polynomials as a Window to Mathematics Research
2022
Fibonacci-like polynomials, the roots of which are responsible for a cyclic behavior of orbits of a second-order two-parametric difference equation, are considered. Using Maple and Wolfram Alpha, the location of the largest and the smallest roots responsible for the cycles of period p among the roots responsible for the cycles of periods 2kp (period-doubling) and kp (period-multiplying) has been determined. These purely computational results of experimental mathematics, made possible by the use of modern digital tools, can be used as a motivation for confirmation through not-yet-developed methods of formal mathematics. peerReviewed
La regulación del genocidio en el Derecho Internacional y en el Derecho español
2014
l. ANTECEDENTES DEL CRIMEN DE GENOCIDIO. II. LA REGULACIÓN INTERNACIONAL DEL CRIMEN DE GENOCIDIO. l. La Convención para la prevención y la sanción del delito de genocidio. 2. La mens rea especial del crimen de genocidio. A) La intención de destruir a un grupo protegido como tal. B) Los grupos protegidos. C) La relevancia de la parte del grupo protegido. 3. El actus reus del crimen de genocidio. A) Matanza de miembros del grupo. B) Lesión grave a la integridad física o mental de los miembros del grupo. C) Sometimiento intencional del grupo a condiciones de existencia que hayan de acarrear su destrucción física, total o parcial. D) Medidas destinadas a impedir los nacimientos en el seno del g…
Application and evaluation of biomagnetic and biochemical monitoring of the dispersion and deposition of volcanically-derived particles at Mt. Etna, …
2010
article i nfo Article history: Received 6 August 2009 Accepted 4 January 2010 Available online xxxx Biomagnetic monitoring, using tree leaves as passive surfaces for particle collection, has been shown to be a promising technique for assessing the dispersion and deposition of particles in the context of anthropogenic pollution. By comparing leaves' magnetic properties with trace metal levels measured in the leaves, we here assess the utility of the biomagnetic technique as a sensitive, fast and inexpensive method for assessment of volcanic plume deposition. Samples of sweet chestnut leaves (Castanea sativa) were collected from the area surrounding Mt. Etna volcano in Sicily during the 2008 …
Spectroscopic capture of 1 Hz volcanic SO2fluxes and integration with volcano geophysical data
2009
[1] Here we present a novel spectroscopic approach to capturing, with unprecedented time resolution and accuracy, volcanic SO2 fluxes. This is based on two USB2000 spectrometers, coupled to cylindrical lens telescopes, each collecting light which has transited horizontal sections of the rising plume. We report on field data from Stromboli volcano, in which the entire emission rate from the volcano was measured, as well as flux signatures associated with individual crater explosions. The latter were integrated with seismic and thermal data, demonstrating correlations in both cases, and representing the first such geophysical-geochemical data corroboration on this timescale. Such a holistic e…
Anomalous magmatic degassing prior to the 5th April 2003 paroxysm on Stromboli
2004
[1] A major explosion occurred at Stromboli on April 5 2003, being the most powerful event over a period of exceptional eruptive activity lasting from December to July. Here, we describe results from a network of diffusive tubes set up on the Stromboli's summit area, aimed at a characterisation of plume composition (SO2, HCl, HF) prior to and after April 5. Data analysis revealed anomalous sulphur degassing 2–3 days before the event, when SO2/HCl ratios (≈9) significantly higher than those typical of quiescent degassing (≈1) were recorded. We interpret this exceptional plume signature as an evidence of S-rich magmas ascending in the shallow plumbing system, and propose high SO2/HCl as a pot…
Major-ion bulk deposition around an active volcano (Mt. Etna, Italy)
2005
Bulk atmospheric deposition of major cations (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and anions (Cl, F, SO4) were measured at 15 sites around an active volcano, Mount Etna, from 2001 to 2003. Their composition indicates several natural sources, among which deposition of plume-derived volcanogenic gas compounds is prevalent for F, Cl and S. Plume-derived acidic compounds are also responsible for the prevailing acidic composition of the samples collected on the summit of the volcano (pH in the 2.45–5.57 range). Cation species have complex origin, including deposition of plume volcanogenic ash and aerosols and soil-dust wind re-suspension of either volcanic or carbonate sedimentary rocks. Variation of the deposition …
Ozone depletion in tropospheric volcanic plumes
2010
Ground based remote sensing techniques are used to measure volcanic SO2 fluxes in efforts to characterise volcanic activity. As these measurements are made several km from source there is the potential for in-plume chemical transformation of SO2 to sulphate aerosol (conversion rates are dependent on meteorological conditions), complicating interpretation of observed SO2 flux trends. In contrast to anthropogenic plumes, SO2 lifetimes are poorly constrained for tropospheric volcanic plumes, where the few previous loss rate estimates vary widely (from 99% per hour). We report experiments conducted on the boundary layer plume of Masaya volcano, Nicaragua during the dry season. We found that SO2…