Search results for "NASAL"
showing 10 items of 426 documents
Nurses' experiences by using heated humidified high flow cannula to premature infants versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure
2016
Abstract Background Some premature infants are now being treated with heated humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHHFNC) instead of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). Purpose To explore nurses' experiences of using HHHFNC compared with nCPAP for premature infants. Method Six qualitative in-depth interviews were completed with nurses at two different newborn intensive care units. Results Preterm infants showed greater satisfaction with HHHFNC than nasal continuous positive airway pressure. HHHFNC was also associated with fewer pressure injuries and less facial discomfort, and an increased bonding between baby and parent. However, HHHFNC gave less ventilation support than nCPA…
Landmark identification on direct digital versus film-based cephalometric radiographs: A human skull study
2002
The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in landmark identification on vertically scanned, direct digital and conventional (18 x 24 cm) cephalometric radiographs. Eight observers, all orthodontists or postgraduate orthodontic students, recorded 6 landmarks twice on 3 digital and 3 conventional cephalograms obtained from 3 human skulls in a standardized fashion. Digital images were displayed on a 15.1-in TFT monitor in 3:1 mode (20 x 26 cm). Recordings were transferred into standardized coordinate systems and evaluated separately for each coordinate. After correcting for magnification, precision was assessed with Maloney-Rastogi tests, and intraobserver and interobserver repr…
Pilotpētījums par nazālo elpceļu obstrukcijas kvantitatīvo noteikšanu
2020
Pilotpētījums par nazālo elpceļu obstrukcijas kvantificēšanu Ievads Nazālā obstrukcija ir izplatīta problēma visā pasaulē, kas ievērojami ietekmē cilvēka dzīves kvalitāti. Neskatoties uz šīs problēmas prevalenci, pieejamās obstrukcijas pakāpes mērīšanas metodes ir neprecīzas. Ir novērota vāja korelācija starp kvantificēto obstrukcijas pakāpi, kas tiek iegūta lietojot mūsdienu metodes un kvalitatīvo obstrukcijas pakāpi, ko apraksta pacienti. Mērķis Šī ekperimentālā pētījuma mērķis ir, pirmkārt, radīt innovatīvu instrumentu, kas simulē specifiskas deguna obstrukcijas pakāpes. Tas būtu instruments, kas spētu potenciāli kvantificēt pacientu subjektīvās sajūtas par deguna obstrukciju. Otrkārt, m…
Olfactory function after microscopic endonasal surgery in patients with nasal polyps.
1997
A controlled prospective study on 31 patients with nasal polyps was performed to evaluate the time course of olfactory function after endonasal surgery. A modified Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (CCCRC) olfactory function test was used to measure olfactory threshold, odor identification ability, and odor discrimination ability. The test was performed in all patients 1–3 days before surgery (V1), 7–10 days after surgery (V2), and after 1 (V3), 2 (V4), 3 (V5), and 6 (V6) months. Mean olfactory threshold in the CCCRC butanol test was 4.19 at V1 (= moderate hyposmia). At V2, it decreased to 3.46 (= severe hyposmia), before increasing to 5.16 at V3 and 5.22 at V4 (= mild hypo…
Afferent and efferent connections of the olfactory bulbs in the lizard Podarcis hispanica.
1991
The connections of the olfactory bulbs of Podarcis hispanica were studied by tract-tracing of injected horseradish peroxidase. Restricted injections into the main olfactory bulb (MOB) resulted in bilateral terminallike labeling in the medial part of the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) and in the rostral septum, lateral cortex, nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract, and ventrolateral amygdaloid nucleus. Bilateral retrograde labeling was found in the rostral lateral cortex and in the medial and dorsolateral AON. Ipsilaterally the dorsal cortex, nucleus of the diagonal band, lateral preoptic area, and dorsolateral amygdala showed labeled cell bodies. Retrogradely labeled cells were also foun…
Neural substrates for processing chemosensory information in snakes.
2002
Snakes interact with their chemical environment through their olfactory and vomeronasal systems. The present report summarizes advances on neural substrates for processing chemosensory information. First, the efferent and centrifugal afferent connections of the main and accessory olfactory bulbs were reinvestigated. Second, the afferent and efferent connections of the nucleus sphericus, the main target of the accessory olfactory bulb, were characterized. The nucleus sphericus gives rise to a very small projection to the hypothalamus, but it does project to other telencephalic structures where olfactory and vomeronasal information could converge. Third, the intra-amygdaloid circuitry and the…
Segregated pathways to the vomeronasal amygdala: differential projections from the anterior and posterior divisions of the accessory olfactory bulb.
2007
Apically and basally located receptor neurons in the vomeronasal sensory epithelium express G(i2 alpha)- and G(o alpha)-proteins, V1R and V2R vomeronasal receptors, project to the anterior and posterior accessory olfactory bulb and respond to different stimuli, respectively. The extent to which secondary projections from the two portions of the accessory olfactory bulb are convergent in the vomeronasal amygdala is controversial. This issue is addressed by using anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing methods in rats including electron microscopy. Injections of dextran-amines, Fluoro Gold, cholera toxin-B subunit and Fast Blue were delivered to the anterior and posterior accessory olfactory…
Organization of the ophidian amygdala: chemosensory pathways to the hypothalamus.
1999
Although recent studies in squamate reptiles have importantly clarified how chemical information is processed in the reptilian brain, how the amygdala relays chemosensory inputs to the hypothalamus to influence chemically guided behaviors is still poorly documented. To identify these chemosensory pathways, the amygdalo-hypothalamic projections, intra-amygdaloid circuitry and afferents from the lateral cortex (LC) to the amygdala were investigated by injecting conjugated dextran-amines into the hypothalamus, amygdala, and LC of garter snakes. The amygdala was divided into olfactory recipient (ventral anterior and external amygdalae), vomeronasal recipient (nucleus sphericus, NS, and medial a…
Focal Lesions within the ventral striato-pallidum abolish attraction for male chemosignals in female mice
2014
In rodents, socio-sexual behaviour is largely mediated by chemosensory cues, some of which are rewarding stimuli. Female mice display an innate attraction towards male chemosignals, dependent on the vomeronasal system. This behaviour likely reflects the hedonic value of sexual chemosignals. The anteromedial aspect of the olfactory tubercle, along with its associated islands of Calleja, receives vomeronasal inputs and sexually-dimorphic vasopressinergic innervation. Thus, we hypothesised that this portion of the ventral striato-pallidum, known to be involved in reward processing, might be important for sexual odorant-guided behaviours. In this study, we demonstrate that lesions of this regio…
Role of the vomeronasal system in intersexual attraction in female mice
2008
Although it is generally accepted that rodents' sociosexual behavior relies mainly on chemosignals, the specific roles played by the vomeronasal and olfactory systems in detecting these signals are presently unclear. This work reports the results of three experiments aimed at clarifying the role of the vomeronasal system on gender recognition and intersexual attraction, by analyzing the effects of lesions of the accessory olfactory bulbs (AOB) in chemically naive female mice. The first experiment demonstrates that lesions of the AOB abolish the preference that females show for male-soiled bedding in tests in which the females can contact the bedding, thus having access to both volatile and …