Search results for "NASAL"
showing 10 items of 426 documents
Low SPINK5 expression in chronic rhinosinusitis
2012
Objectives/Hypothesis: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial disease that probably arises as a result of genetic diversity and environmental factors. SPINK5 is a serine protease inhibitor, which is supposed to be an important regulator of epithelial barrier maintenance. The role of SPINK5 polymorphisms and expression in CRS, especially in individuals with aspirin intolerance, is unclear. Study Design: SPINK5 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SPINK5 expression levels were correlated with CRS without (CRSsNP) and with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), aspirin intolerance, asthma, and allergies. Methods: One hundred four nasal tissue samples, 15 from patients with CRSsNP, 59 from pati…
Acute effects of an exposure to 100 ppm 1-methoxypropanol-2 on the upper airways of human subjects.
2013
Abstract The German MAK value of 1-methoxypropanol-2 has been fixed at 100 ppm. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible acute effects of an exposure to 100 ppm 1-methoxypropanol-2 on the upper airways of human subjects. Twenty subjects were exposed in a crossover design to 100 ppm 1-methoxypropanol-2 and to air in an exposure chamber for 4 h. Subjective symptoms were assessed by questionnaire. Olfactory thresholds for n-butanol and mucociliary transport time were measured before and after exposure. Concentrations of interleukin 1β and interleukin 8 were determined in nasal secretions taken after exposure. mRNA levels of interleukins 1β, 6 and 8, tumor necrosis factor α, granulocyte-m…
Surgical complications after endoscopic transsphenoidal pituitary surgery.
2009
Between January 2004 and June 2007 we conducted a retrospective analysis to assess post-operative complications related to endoscopic pituitary surgery in a series of 150 patients. Patients were treated with an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approach to the sellar region for removal of pathological sellar and suprasellar lesions. We analysed the complications in groups according to the anatomical structures of the approach and the functional systems of the pituitary gland (anterior and posterior endocrine systems), and compared them to a large historical series using the traditional microsurgical transsphenoidal approach. Overall, we observed a decreased incidence of complications wit…
New Immunohistologic Findings on the Differential Role of Cyclooxygenase 1 and Cyclooxygenase 2 in Nasal Polyposis
2005
Background Cyclooxygenase 1 (Cox-1) plays a key role in arachidonic acid metabolism and in the pathophysiology and immunology of nasal polyposis in patients suffering from aspirin intolerance. We hypothesize that Cox-2 also might be relevant in the etiology of nasal polyps of aspirin-tolerant patients by their effects on inflammatory mediators as well as on microvascular permeability. Methods Fifty-two surgical specimens were immunohistochemically labeled for Cox-1 and Cox-2. Specimens were taken from chronically inflamed mucosa (n = 19) and from nasal polyps (n = 19) during endonasal sinus surgery. Controls were obtained from healthy nasal respiratory mucosa (n = 14), harvested during turb…
Correlations Between Clinical and Histological Aspects in Nasal Polyposis
2008
Introduction The histological study of nasal polyps does not reveal any specific lesions but eosinophilic infiltration nasal mucosae seems to be characteristic of nasal polyposis. The aim of this work is to study possible links between certain histological and clinical aspects in nasal polyposis. Furthermore, we attempt to compare the quantification of tissue eosinophilia according to the number of eosinophils per field with the percentage figure obtained with respect to the total of inflammatory cells. Material and method We have studied 40 patients with idiopathic bilateral nasal polyposis, assessing the correlations between various clinical aspects such as their endoscopic and radiologic…
Understanding the role of saliva in aroma release from wine by using static and dynamic headspace conditions.
2014
The aim of this work was to determine the role of saliva in wine aroma release by using static and dynamic headspace conditions. In the latter conditions, two different sampling points (t = 0 and t = 10 min) corresponding with oral (25.5 °C) and postoral phases (36 °C) were monitored. Both methodologies were applied to reconstituted dearomatized white and red wines with different nonvolatile wine matrix compositions and a synthetic wine (without matrix effect). All of the wines had the same ethanol concentration and were spiked with a mixture of 45 aroma compounds covering a wide range of physicochemical characteristics at typical wine concentrations. Two types of saliva (human and artifici…
Do palatal implants remain positionally stable under orthodontic load? A clinical radiologic study.
2009
Introduction The aim of this study was to determine the positional stability and success rate of palatally placed length-reduced temporary anchorage devices (LRTADs) (length, 4 or 6 mm). Methods Twenty-two patients (ages, 21-62 years; 14 women, 8 men) were enrolled in the study. Each received 1 LRTAD (Orthosystem, Straumann, Switzerland) placed in the midsagittal palate for multifunctional anchorage tasks. Standardized cephalograms were taken directly after implant placement and at the end of treatment to analyze any implant movements. The cephalometric tracings were superimposed on anterior nasal spine to posterior nasal spine in posterior nasal spine to analyze changes in implant angulati…
Endonasal Sinus Surgery Improves Mucociliary Transport in Severe Chronic Sinusitis
1997
A total of 22 patients with extensive chronic sinusitis were examined before and 7.2 ± 1.1 months after microscopic endonasal sinus surgery. Pre- and postoperative nasal mucociliary transport was measured using a modified saccharine test and ciliary beat frequency of nasal respiratory cells using video interference contrast microscopy. In patients suffering from chronic sinusitis, nasal ciliary beat frequency was significantly lower (8.0 ± 1.8 Hz) than in normals (9.5 ± 1.7 Hz, p < 0.02). Following endonasal sinus surgery, ciliary beat frequency in patients with chronic sinusitis remained reduced (8.3 ± 1.2 Hz). Nasal mucociliary transport time was significantly (p < 0.05) longer (20…
Vascular endothelial growth factor expression in nasal polyps of aspirin-intolerant patients.
2012
Objective To study differences between aspirin-tolerant patients and aspirin-intolerant patients concerning vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. Recent publications strongly suggest the involvement of VEGF and its receptors in the pathophysiologic process of nasal polyps. Design We subjected 43 polyp specimens to semiquantitative immunohistochemical analysis. We quantified VEGF and its receptors (Flk, Flt, and neuropilin) in all samples. To gain insight into potential VEGF-mediated cellular responses, we determined proliferative (Ki67) and apoptotic (caspase 3) indices. Patients Polyp samples were obtained from 22 aspirin-intolerant patients and from 21 aspirin-tolerant pat…
Dysregulated Survivin Expression in Nasal Polyps of Individuals with Aspirin Exacerbated Respiratory Disease
2012
Background A derailed balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis is presumed to result in cell hyperplasia as a typical feature of nasal polyps. Survivin, a protein of the inhibitors of the apoptosis family is proposed to promote polyp formation. However, studies concerning survivin expression in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyps are rare and the specificity of the survivin expression in nasal polyps from individuals with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) has not been investigated. Methods Immunohistochemical survivin expression analysis was performed. Samples were taken from the ethmoid sinus of individuals with CRS with nasal polyps with and without AERD during …