Search results for "NBO"
showing 10 items of 266 documents
Immunization of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), with a low molecular mass fraction isolated from Flavobacterium psychrophilum.
2008
Flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome has become a widespread fish pathogen in freshwater aquaculture worldwide. In this study, a low molecular mass fraction (P25-33), with an approximate weight of 25-33 kDa, was identified among F. psychrophilum strains in an immunoblotting analysis with anti-F. psychrophilum sera. The immunogenic efficacy of the isolated and extracted P25-33 was investigated in two intraperitoneal immunization trials with rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). The first trial included immunizations using P25-33 with Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and the second trial included immunizations using P25-33, formalin-inactivat…
Synthesis, X-ray Crystal Structure and Antimicrobial Activity of Unexpected Trinuclear Cu(II) Complex from s-Triazine-Based Di-Compartmental Ligand v…
2019
The synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of the trinuclear [Cu3(HL)(Cl)2(NO3)(H2O)5](NO3)2 complex of the s-triazine-based di-compartmental ligand, 2-methoxy-4,6-bis(2-(pyridin-2-ylmsethylene)hydrazinyl)-1,3,5-triazine (H2L), are presented. The Cu1 and Cu2 are penta-coordinated with CuN3ClO coordination environment, distorted square pyramidal coordination geometry while Cu3 is hexa-coordinated with CuN2O4 coordination sphere, and distorted octahedral geometry. The complex crystallized in the primitive P-1 triclinic crystal system with two molecular units per unit cell. Its packing is dominated by the O–H (35.5%) and Cl–H (8.8%) hydrogen bonding interactions as well as the π–π stacking (2.3…
X-Ray structure, Hirshfeld analysis and DFT studies of two new hits of triazolyl-indole bearing alkylsulfanyl moieties
2021
Two new hits of triazolyl-indole containing two different alkylsulfanyl analogues named tert-butyl 2-((4-amino-5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate 2, and ethyl 2-((4-amino-5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetate 3 were synthesized via reaction of 4-amino-5-(1H-indol-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazol-3(2H)-thione 1 with tert-butyl bromoacetate and ethyl chloroacetate in the presence of base (Et3N). The molecular structure of 2, and 3 was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and 1H/13C- NMR spectroscopic techniques. In compound 2, the molecular packing depends on significant O...H (9.3%), N...H (12.4%) and S...H (3.1%) as well as relatively weak C...H (14.1%), S...C (…
Comparison of Delivery Methods in Phage Therapy against Flavobacterium columnare Infections in Rainbow Trout
2021
This dataset consists of three phage therapy experiments to prevent Flavobacterium columnare infections in rainbow trout. Experiments I and II were done in stagnant water, and Experiment III in a flow-through system. See the documentation file attached with the dataset for full description of the methods (also found in the original article).
The efficacy of two immunostimulants against Flavobacterium columnare infection in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
2009
Abstract Bacterium Flavobacterium columnare is the causative agent of columnaris disease in many wild and farmed fish species. Immunostimulants are used with success in aquaculture against many pathogens, but the ability to improve innate resistance to columnaris disease has not been studied. Fingerling rainbow trout were treated with two immunostimulants, yeast β-glucan and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB). Selected innate immune function parameters, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by whole blood and by isolated head kidney leukocytes, plasma lysozyme activity and complement bacteriolytic activity, were determined to assess the immune status of fish. The fish were then bath…
Retene, pyrene and phenanthrene cause distinct molecular-level changes in the cardiac tissue of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) larvae, part 1 – …
2020
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are contaminants of concern that impact every sphere of the environment. Despite several decades of research, their mechanisms of toxicity are still poorly understood. This study explores the mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of the three widespread model PAHs retene, pyrene and phenanthrene in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) early life stages. Newly hatched larvae were exposed to each individual compound at sublethal doses causing no significant increase in the prevalence of deformities. Changes in the cardiac transcriptome were assessed after 1, 3, 7 and 14 days of exposure using custom Salmo salar microarrays. The highest number of differentiall…
Parasite-induced aggression and impaired contest ability in a fish host
2010
Abstract Background Success of trophically transmitted parasites depends to a great extent on their ability to manipulate their intermediate hosts in a way that makes them easier prey for target hosts. Parasite-induced behavioural changes are the most spectacular and diverse examples of manipulation. Most of the studies have been focused on individual behaviour of hosts including fish. We suggest that agonistic interactions and territoriality in fish hosts may affect their vulnerability to predators and thus the transmission efficiency of trophically transmitted parasites. The parasite Diplostomum spathaceum (Trematoda) and juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were used to study whe…
Shoaling behaviour of fish under parasitism and predation risk
2008
Shoaling is a common antipredatory adaptation in several fish species. However, parasite infections may alter shoaling behaviour of fish by impairing fish sensory/motor systems and by reducing the net benefit of shoaling. In an experimental study, we investigated whether Diplostomum spathaceum (Trematoda) eye flukes alter shoaling behaviour of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and if this has an interaction with predation risk. The parasite reduces the vision of fish by inducing cataract formation, which in previous studies has been shown to alter fish escape responses and crypsis. We found that the shoals of infected fish contained fewer individuals and they divided into separate groups …
Prevention of fungal infestation of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs using UV irradiation of the hatching water
2013
Abstract Fungal infestation by water mold Saprolegnia spp. causes great losses in aquaculture and fish egg hatching. To find a safe and effective alternative for the fungal prevention, we studied continuous disinfection of the inlet water by UV irradiation and ozonation combined with low concentration hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) treatments in a rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) egg hatching system. High dose of UV irradiation (400 mWs/cm 2 ) of the inlet water decreased the mortality of rainbow trout eggs from the 77.3% to 14.3% in a 28 day trial. UV irradiation did not modify water quality parameters, while combination of UV irradiation and H 2 O 2 caused up to fivefold increase in th…
Effects of soybean meal based diet on growth performance, gut histopathology and intestinal microbiota of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
2006
Abstract Effects of soybean meal (SBM) based diet on growth performance, histology of the intestinal epithelium and on the gut microbiota of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were investigated on two trials lasting for 8 weeks (Trial I) and 18 weeks (Trial II). The microbiological characterization was done both with conventional plating techniques, biochemical profiling and length heterogeneity analysis of PCR amplified 16S rDNA (LH-PCR). Typical histological changes were found after 18 weeks of SBM feeding (Trial II). Mean height of simple foldings were significantly higher within the group fed with fish meal (FM) based diet. These changes were not, however, reflected in the app…