Search results for "NERVE INJURY"
showing 10 items of 45 documents
Neuroprotective potential of erythropoietin and darbepoetin alfa in an experimental model of sciatic nerve injury. Laboratory investigation.
2007
Object The objectives of this study were to examine whether the systemic administration of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) and its long-lasting derivative darbepoetin alfa expedited functional recovery in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury, and to compare the effects of these agents in the model. Methods Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats received a crush injury to the left sciatic nerve and subsequently underwent either placebo treatment, daily injections of rHuEPO, or weekly injections of darbepoetin alfa. Results Both rHuEPO and darbepoetin alfa were effective in reducing neurological impairment and improving compound muscle action potentials following nerve injury. Darbepoetin …
Nerve injury in fractures of the condylar neck.
1977
Summary Although fractures of the condylar neck belong to the most frequent injuries of the jaws, and various nerves are found in close proximity to the temporomandibular joints, only little mention is made in the literature of neurological complications arising from accidents. We have therefore carried out a prospective study on nerve injuries in 237 fractures of the articular process in the period 1971–1975. We found two cases of post-traumatic Frey's syndrome, whereby the syndrome developed from a post-traumatic auriculotemporal neuralgia. We also found loss of function of auriculotemporal, buccal and facial nerves, and loss of taste sensation of the tongue in another case, caused by dam…
Lingual nerve injury after third molar removal: Unilateral atrophy of fungiform papillae
2014
Background: Pain and sensory changes due to lingual nerve injury are one of the most common alterations that follow surgical removal of third molar. They are usually transient but other less common complications, such as the atrophy of fungiform papillae, have an uncertain prognosis. Case Description: We report a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented a unilateral lingual atrophy of fungiform papillae after third molar extraction accompanied by severe dysesthesia that altered her daily life significantly during the following months and how this complication evolved over time. We conducted a literature review on the different factors that can lead to a lingual nerve injury. Clinical Impli…
The effect of intracavernosal growth differentiation factor-5 therapy in a rat model of cavernosal nerve injury.
2006
OBJECTIVE To determine whether the intracavernosal application of growth differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) influences nerve regeneration and erectile function after cavernosal nerve injury in a rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: eight had a sham operation (uninjured controls), while 24 had bilateral cavernosal nerve crush. The crush-injury groups were treated at the time of injury with an impregnated collagen sponge implanted into the right corpus cavernosum. The sponge contained no GDF-5 (injured controls), 2 µg (low concentration), or 20 µg GDF-5 (high concentration). Erectile function was assessed by cavernosa…
Two-Stage Thyroidectomy Driven by Intraoperative Neuromonitoring: Informed Consent Process and Its Effect on Patient Willingness and Consent Rates
2020
Purpose: Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) is a useful technique that can be applied to assess the nerve functionality at the end of the first side lobectomy in a planned total resection to prevent the bilateral injury of the RLN. Here we describe the process of informed consent of patients, who were subjected to a 2-stage thyroidectomy, and its effect on the patients' willingness to be operated on as well as their consent rates. Methods: A retrospective observational study of patients, undergoing thyroidectomy with standardized IONM, was conducted from January 2019 to December 2019. All patients were preoperatively informed about the possibility o…
A systematic review of animal models for experimental neuroma
2015
Summary Peripheral neuromas can result in an unbearable neuropathic pain and functional impairment. Their treatment is still challenging, and their optimal management is to be defined. Experimental research still plays a major role, but - although numerous neuroma models have been proposed on different animals - there is still no single model recognised as being the reference. Several models show advantages over the others in specific aspects of neuroma physiopathology, prevention or treatment, making it unlikely that a single model could be of reference. A reproducible and standardised model of peripheral neuroma would allow better comparison of results from different studies. We present a…
S100α and S100β proteins in human cutaneous sensory corpuscles: Effects of nerve and spinal cord injury
1998
S100 protein in the vertebrate peripheral nervous system consists of homo- or heterodimers of S100α and S100β proteins, the first predominating in neurons and the second in glial cells. Recently, however, occurrence of S100β protein in neurons has been reported. The expression of S100 protein by Schwann cells, as well as their derivatives in sensory corpuscles, depends on the sensory axon (i.e., the Schwann cell–axon contact). The present study analyzed the distribution of S100α and S100β proteins in human cutaneous sensory corpuscles and the effects of peripheral or central sensory axon severance in the expression of these proteins. Simple or double immunohistochemistry was carried out usi…
Chapter 35 Transcranial magnetic stimulation in brainstem lesions and lesions of the cranial nerves
2003
Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applications in brainstem pathology and on the description of TMS techniques for the evaluation of motor cranial nerve function, which is an essential measure in the diagnostic workup of brain-stern lesions. Applications of TMS to the cranial nerve innervated muscles have been the objective of numerous investigations, ranging from basic neuroanatomic studies to determine the central course of corticonuclear projections to clinical applications carried out to determine the location of lesions, investigate the pathophysiology of ischemic dysarthria, detect clinically silent lesions in multiple sclerosis, obtain …
Syntaxin13 expression is regulated by mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in injured neurons to promote axon regeneration.
2014
Injured peripheral neurons successfully activate intrinsic signaling pathways to enable axon regeneration. We have previously shown that dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons activate the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway following injury and that this activity enhances their axon growth capacity. mTOR plays a critical role in protein synthesis, but the mTOR-dependent proteins enhancing the regenerative capacity of DRG neurons remain unknown. To identify proteins whose expression is regulated by injury in an mTOR-dependent manner, we analyzed the protein composition of DRGs from mice in which we genetically activated mTOR and from mice with or without a prior nerve injury. Quantitati…
A new computed-assisted technique for experimental sciatic nerve function analysis.
2004
BACKGROUND: Peripheral nerve injury is a well-known experimental tool to evaluate the effect of various neurotrophic substances. Besides histological and electrophysiological techniques, nerve functional status has been assessed by means of the sciatic function index (SFI) and the static sciatic index (SSI). However, these techniques are still based on a complex and old-fashioned apparatus requiring a relatively long time of execution. This study aimed to assess a novel, rapid, computerized method for assessment of SSI in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. MATERIAL/METHODS: Fourteen rats were used in this study. The left sciatic nerve was exposed and compressed for 2 minutes with an aneur…