Search results for "NERVE INJURY"
showing 10 items of 45 documents
TAFA4 relieves injury-induced mechanical hypersensitivity through LDL receptors and modulation of spinal A-type K+ current
2021
Pain, whether acute or persistent, is a serious medical problem worldwide. However, its management remains unsatisfactory, and new analgesic molecules are required. We show here that TAFA4 reverses inflammatory, postoperative, and spared nerve injury (SNI)-induced mechanical hypersensitivity in male and female mice. TAFA4 requires functional low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins (LRPs) because their inhibition by RAP (receptor-associated protein) dose-dependently abolishes its antihypersensitive actions. SNI selectively decreases A-type K+ current (IA) in spinal lamina II outer excitatory interneurons (L-IIo ExINs) and induces a concomitant increase in IA and decrease in hyperpo…
Electrophysiologic evaluation of phrenic nerve and diaphragm function after coronary bypass surgery: Prospective study of diabetes and other risk fac…
2006
Objective Phrenic neuropathy after coronary artery bypass grafting has been related to various risk factors with conflicting results. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence, characteristics, and clinical consequences of phrenic neuropathy and the influence of diabetes and other risk factors. Methods We conducted an observational, prospective study of parallel groups including 94 consecutive patients subjected to coronary artery bypass grafting, half of them with diabetes and associated polyneuropathy . Electrophysiologic study of phrenic nerve conduction as the reference method, chest radiography, diaphragm ultrasound, and functional respiratory tests were performed 24 to 48 hour…
Does granulocyte-colony stimulating factor stimulate peripheral nerve regeneration? An experimental study on traumatic lesion of the sciatic nerve in…
2021
Aim of the study. To analyse the therapeutic potential of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment using a rat model of traumatic sciatic nerve lesion. Clinical rationale for the study. G-CSF has proven strong neurotrophic properties in various models of ischaemic and traumatic brain injury. Fewer studies exist regarding the influence of G-CSF on posttraumatic peripheral nerve regeneration. Currently, the possibilities of pharmacological prevention or treatment of mechanical nerve injury are limited, and there is an urgent need to find new treatment strategies applicable in clinical situations. Material and methods . A controlled traumatic right sciatic nerve lesion was set u…
A randomized controlled trial comparing nerve block and mandibular infiltration techniques in posterior mandible implant surgeries
2018
Background To compare global surgical pain under nerve block and mandibular infiltration anesthesia techniques, and to evaluate pain during drilling and the distance to the mandibular canal in posterior mandible implant surgeries. Material and Methods A prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind, clinical trial was conducted to compare nerve block (Group A) to mandibular infiltration (Group B) techniques for dental implant placement. Global surgical pain (VAS = visual analogue scale), pain during drilling or implant placement (MPQ = McGill pain questionnaire) and distance to the mandibular canal (Image J) were statically analyzed. Age, gender, anxiety levels, tooth to be replaced, im…
Anatomy of nerves of the lower extremities in the context of the treatment for varicose veins
2019
Injury of nerves of the lower extremity is the most prevalent complication associated with invasive treatment of varicose veins. These adverse events are particularly frequent after traditional surgical stripping and thermal ablative procedures. The most frequently injured nerves comprise the saphenous nerve, the sural nerve, and the anterior cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. The high rate of injury to these nerves is primarily related to their close anatomical relationship with major trunks of the superficial venous system. The great saphenous vein is accompanied by two groups of sensory nerves. In its proximal part it runs along the anterior cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. In …
ESRA19-0618 Vulnerability of different nerves to intrafascicular injection with different needle bevel types and needle angles: a mathematical model
2019
Background and aims Intrafascicular injection of a local anesthetic, its toxicity, and direct needle trauma to nerve tissue are generally considered the primary reasons for nerve injury after intraneural injection. We hypothesize that the only way that the local anesthetic can enter the fascicle is if at least 80% of the distal needle orifice is inside the fascicle. the aim of this study was to calculate the theoretical vulnerability of nerve fascicles given their actual sizes and that of different needle openings. Methods We superimposed microscopic images of two routinely used nerve block needles (a 22-G, 15 ‘StimuplexOD’ needleand a 22-G, 30 ‘StimuplexOUltra 360O’ needle) over microscopi…
Gait Impairment in a Rat Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia
2012
The availability of proper tests for gait evaluation following cerebral ischemia in rats has been limited. The automated, quantitative CatWalk system, which was initially designed to measure gait in models of spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain, and peripheral nerve injury, is said to be a useful tool for the study of motor impairment in stroke animals. Here we report our experiences of using CatWalk XT with rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), during their six-week followup. Large corticostriatal infarct was confirmed by MRI in all MCAO rats, which was associated with severe sensorimotor impairment. In contrast, the gait impairment was at most mild, which i…
A Roadmap to the Pelvic Autonomic Nerves During Transanal Dissection
2019
Current international guidelines and consensus panels emphasize that nerve sparing is a crucial part of the total mesorectal excision (TME). The transanal approach (taTME) could be advantageous in this regard. However, even with taTME, pelvic autonomic nerve preservation requires perfect knowledge of the topographic and morphological aspects of the anatomy and requires surgeons to acquire specific skills. Unusual surgical topography presents a considerable risk of nerve injury, when attempting a TME with the “bottom-up” approach.
Increased pain and neurogenic inflammation in mice deficient of neutral endopeptidase
2009
The complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is characterized by enhanced neurogenic inflammation, mediated by neuropeptides. Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is a key enzyme in neuropeptide catabolism. We used NEP knock out (ko) mice to investigate whether NEP deficiency leads to increased pain behavior and signs of neurogenic inflammation after soft tissue trauma with and without nerve injury. After chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the right sciatic nerve, NEP ko mice were more sensitive to heat, to mechanical stimuli, and to cold than wild type mice. Tissue injury without nerve injury produced no differences between genotypes. After CCI, NEP ko mice showed increased hind paw edema but lower …
Positioning of the Patient and Related Complications
2019
Optimal positioning of patients for spine surgery is crucial for ideal surgical conditions and operative-site exposure. During surgery of the spine patients are placed in non-physiological conditions already in anesthesia which lead to complications as patients are not able react to an unpleasant tissue damaging position. The factors duration of a surgical procedure, mechanical pressure and immobility increase the risk for positioning related complications and rare complications such as postoperative visual loss (POVL) or perioperative peripheral nerve injury (PPNI) result in significant patient disability and functional restrictions.