Search results for "NERVE"

Subcellular localization of m2 muscarinic receptors in GABAergic interneurons of the olfactory bulb

2000

We analysed the ultrastructural distribution of the m2 muscarinic receptor (m2R) in the rat olfactory bulb (OB) using immunohistochemical techniques and light and electron microscopy. m2R was differentially distributed within the cellular compartments of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic bulbar interneurons. It is located in the gemmules of granule cells and in the synaptic loci of the interneurons of the external plexiform layer, suggesting that m2R activation could modulate the release of GABA from these interneurons onto principal cells by a presynaptic mechanism. By contrast, the receptor appears in the somata and dendritic trunks of second-order short-axon interneurons located in the…

Distribution of D2 dopamine receptor in the olfactory glomeruli of the rat olfactory bulb

2005

Dopamine plays key roles in the processing of the olfactory information that takes place in the olfactory glomeruli. Previous studies using autoradiography demonstrate that, at the glomerular level, these actions are mainly mediated via activation of D2 dopamine receptors. Moreover, it has been suggested that D2 receptors could be present in the olfactory nerve, where they might modulate the entrance of olfactory input into the brain. Nevertheless, the precise subcellular localization of D2 receptors in the glomerular neuropil has not been investigated. In this report, we show the subcellular distribution of D2 receptors in the glomerular circuits of Wistar rats, using pre-embedding immunog…

Ataxin-1 and ataxin-2 intermediate-length PolyQ expansions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

2012

ABSTRACT Objective: Recent evidence suggests that intermediate-length polyglutamine (PolyQ) expansions in the ataxin-2 ( ATXN-2 ) gene are a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This work was undertaken with the aim to investigate the frequency of ataxin-1 ( ATXN-1 ) and ATXN-2 PolyQ expansions in a cohort of patients with sporadic ALS (sALS) and patients with familial ALS (fALS) from southern Italy. Methods: We assessed the PolyQ lengths of ATXN-1 and ATXN-2 in 405 patients with sALS, 13 patients with fALS, and 296 unrelated controls without history of neurodegenerative disorders. Results: We found significantly higher intermediate PolyQ expansions ≥32 for ATXN-1 alleles an…

The potential of serum neurofilament as biomarker for multiple sclerosis

2021

Abstract Multiple sclerosis is a highly heterogeneous disease, and the detection of neuroaxonal damage as well as its quantification is a critical step for patients. Blood-based serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) is currently under close investigation as an easily accessible biomarker of prognosis and treatment response in patients with multiple sclerosis. There is abundant evidence that sNfL levels reflect ongoing inflammatory-driven neuroaxonal damage (e.g. relapses or MRI disease activity) and that sNfL levels predict disease activity over the next few years. In contrast, the association of sNfL with long-term clinical outcomes or its ability to reflect slow, diffuse neurodegenerativ…

Peripapillary Staphyloma and Asymmetric Morning Glory Anomaly

2006

We report a patient with concomitant occurrence of peripapillary staphyloma and morning glory anomaly. The morning glory anomaly presented with an optic nerve head with oblique entrance, located on one side of the peripapillary staphyloma, giving an unusually asymmetric and previously undescribed appearance to the abnormality. The optical coherence tomography provided useful information about the shape and deepness of the peripapillary staphyloma and disclosed a retinal detachment not appreciated ophthalmoscopically.

Fortschreitender, einseitiger Visusverlust mit wechselnden unspezifischen Gesichtsfeldbefunden

1997

Interne Ophthalmoplegie: erstes Zeichen einer Kompression des N. oculomotorius?

2010

Análisis de la capa de fibras nerviosas usando el GDx en pacientes pseudofáquicos con opacificación capsular posterior

2008

Angioma retiniano como síndrome mascarada de tumor del nervio óptico en la enfermedad de Von Hippel-Lindau

2006

espanolCaso clinico: Varon de 35 anos con antecedentes familiares de enfermedad de von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) diagnosticado de dos hemangiomas retinianos en ojo derecho (OD) y uno en ojo izquierdo. Las lesiones se trataron con crioterapia en OD y laserterapia en OI. A pesar de una aparente buena evolucion de las lesiones retinianas hubo una progresiva disminucion de la AV. Se realizo RM donde se evidencio lesiones tumorales del nervio optico (NO) bilaterales compatibles con glioma, meningioma o hemangioblastoma. Actualmente: AV (OD): movimiento de manos y AV(OI): 0,6. Discusion: La presencia de los hemangiomas retinianos en este paciente hizo retrasar el diagnostico de un tumor en el NO, infre…

Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) in dentistry- A review.

2014

Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-pharmacological method which is widely used by medical and paramedical professionals for the management of acute and chronic pain in a variety of conditions. Similarly, it can be utilized for the management of pain during various dental procedures as well as pain due to various conditions affecting maxillofacial region. This review aims to provide an insight into clinical research evidence available for the analgesic and non analgesic uses of TENS in pediatric as well as adult patients related to the field of dentistry. Also, an attempt is made to briefly discuss history of therapeutic electricity, mechanism of action of TENS, compon…