Search results for "NERVE"
showing 10 items of 1683 documents
Isolated cranial nerve palsies in multiple sclerosis
1997
During a 10 year period 24 patients with definite multiple sclerosis with isolated cranial nerve palsies were studied (third and fourth nerve: one patient each, sixth nerve: 12 patients, seventh nerve: three patients, eighth nerve: seven patients), in whom cranial nerve palsies were the presenting sign in 14 and the only clinical sign of an exacerbation in 10 patients. MRI was carried out in 20 patients and substantiated corresponding brainstem lesions in seven patients (third nerve: one patient, sixth nerve: four patients, eighth nerve: two patients). Additional abnormal findings of electro-oculography, or masseter reflex, or blink reflex, or combinations of these were found in 20 patients…
Paradoxical heat sensation in patients with multiple sclerosis
1996
Temperature thresholds were determined in 16 patients with probable or definite multiple sclerosis, in six patients with possible but unconfirmed multiple sclerosis and in 34 healthy subjects, using the method of limits and the thermal sensory limen (TSL) of the MarStock technique. A significant proportion of the patients had thresholds outside the 2.5 SD range for normal subjects, both for warmth detection threshold and TSL. In addition, 10 patients with probable or definite multiple sclerosis and one patient with possible multiple sclerosis reported a paradoxical heat sensation, i.e. a sensation of warmth elicited by a cold stimulus. This illusion was almost exclusively observed with the …
Differential association of default mode network connectivity and rumination in healthy individuals and remitted MDD patients
2016
Rumination is associated with increased default-mode network (DMN) activity and functional connectivity (FC) in depressed and healthy individuals. In this study, we sought to examine the relationship between self-reported rumination and resting-state FC in the DMN and cognitive control networks in 25 remitted depressed patients and 25 matched healthy controls using independent component and seed-based analyses. We also explored potential group differences in the global pattern of resting-state FC. Healthy subjects with increased levels of rumination exhibited increased anterior DMN connectivity with the posterior DMN and the dorsal attention network and low connectivity within the anterior …
Botulinum Toxin A reduces neurogenic flare but has almost no effect on pain and hyperalgesia in human skin.
2003
Botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) has been used therapeutically to treat muscular hypercontractions and sudomotor hyperactivity. There is increasing evidence that BoNT/A might also have analgesic properties, in particular in headache. In the present investigation we tested the often cited hypothesis that BoNT/A-induced analgesia can be attributed to inhibition of neuropeptide release from nociceptive nerve fibers. In 15 healthy volunteers BoNT/A (5, 10, 20 mouse units BOTOX) or saline (contralateral side) was injected intracutaneously on the volar forearm. On day zero, the day of injection, no further tests were performed. We repeatedly elicited pain, mechanical hyperalgesia and neurogenic flare b…
The location by early auditory evoked potentials (EAEP) of acoustic nerve and brainstem demyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS).
1980
Tone pips of suprathreshold intensities elicit an acoustic nerve response (I) and six low amplitude brainstem potentials (II-VII) during the initial 10 ms. Seven waves were studied in 40 control subjects and 5 waves (I-V) in 47 patients with MS. The results suggest involvement of the auditory pathway of 24 of 27 patients in the clinically "definite", of 5 of 9 cases in the "probable" and in none of 5 patients in the "possible" MS groups. EAEPs were normal in 6 cases with a spinal form with one exception where changes of potential were indicative of a midbrain lesion. Dysfunction within the acoustic pathway was observed at the level of the acoustic nerve and in the medulla oblongata, pons an…
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: orbital MRI
1995
The case is reported of a patient with idiopathic intracranial hypertension examined with magnetic resonance imaging. Marked enhancement of the optic nerve heads was found, which might be related to blood-retinal barrier breakdown related to a sudden rise in intracranial cerebrospinal fluid pressure.
Alteration of Neuromuscular Function After a Prolonged Road Cycling Race
2003
The aim of this study was to characterize neuromuscular fatigue in knee extensor muscles after a prolonged cycling exercise. During the two days preceding a 140-km race (mean +/- SD duration: 278.2 +/- 24.9 min) and 15 to 30 min after, maximal percutaneous electrical stimulations were applied to the femoral nerve of 11 trained cyclists. Electrically evoked superimposed twitches and trains of 6 stimulations were delivered during isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) to determine maximal voluntary activation (% VA). Knee extensors MVC decreased with fatigue from 158.2 +/- 29.6 to 144.2 +/- 30.0 Nm (p < 0.01), but no central activation failure was detected after the race. The average r…
Surgically verified variations in the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery
1991
✓ Two patients with rare variations of the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery are presented. One patient had a perforation of the optic tract by an abnormal course of the A1 segment, and the other harbored an aneurysm of the A1 segment running below the optic nerve. The authors present a summary of A1 segment variations described in the literature.
Treatment of chronic mandibular dislocations by eminectomy: follow-up of 10 cases and literature review.
2008
Introduction: Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is defined as an excessive forward movement of the condyle beyond the articular eminence, with complete separation of the articular surfaces and fixation in that position. Objectives: To report ten cases treated by eminectomy for chronic mandibular dislocations, to evaluate the results of these surgeries and make a critical review of the literature. Methods: The sample was obtained from the records of the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Pernambuco and comprises cases submitted to chronic mandibular dislocation treatment by eminectomy between 2002 and 2007. Pre- and postoperative assessment included a thoroug…
Trismus resulting from central nervous system lesion.
1976
Three cases of unusual trismus are reported, occurring in patients with lesions of the central nervous system. On the basis of the clinical and electromyographical findings and observation of the course of the trismus this is interpreted as a symptom of a lesion of the brain stem, causing a dis-synergism of the masticatory muscles.