Search results for "NIST"

showing 10 items of 13738 documents

Neuroimagen y adicción I: Correlatos neuroanatómicos y funcionales de la administración aguda, el craving y el consumo crónico de psicoestimulantes

2007

En los últimos años ha aumentado el interés por el estudio de los correlatos neurobiológicos del consumo de drogas psicoestimulantes, como la cocaína o el éxtasis. La aplicación de las técnicas de neuroimagen ha permitido examinar in vivo los efectos agudos de la administración de estas sustancias, los correlatos cerebrales del deseo intenso por consumirlas (craving), o las alteraciones funcionales o morfológicas asociadas al consumo crónico. Los objetivos de esta revisión son: (1) explicar brevemente las técnicas de neuroimagen utilizadas en la investigación de drogodependencias (2) presentar los hallazgos más actualizados de neuroimagen en el estudio de los correlatos cerebrales del consu…

:PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología [UNESCO]:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]Neuroimagen adicción cocaína éxtasis administración craving consumo crónicoUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología
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Neuroimagen y adicción II: Correlatos neuroanatómicos y funcionales de la administración aguda, el craving y el consumo crónico de opiáceos, alcohol …

2008

En las últimas décadas las técnicas de neuroimagen han contribuido en gran medida al estudio in vivo de los efectos neurobiológicos del consumo agudo y crónico de sustancias de abuso. El incremento en los últimos años del consumo de alcohol y cannabis, así como las graves consecuencias asociadas al consumo de opiáceos han contribuido al aumento del interés por estudiar los efectos de estas sustancias en el sistema nervioso central. Los objetivos de esta revisión son: (1) presentar los hallazgos más actualizados de neuroimagen en el estudio de los correlatos cerebrales del consumo de opiáceos, alcohol y cannabis, teniendo en cuenta: (i) la administración aguda de estas sustancias, (ii) el cr…

:PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología [UNESCO]Neuroimagen adicción alcohol heroína cannabis administración aguda craving consumo crónico.:PSICOLOGÍA [UNESCO]UNESCO::PSICOLOGÍAUNESCO::PSICOLOGÍA::Psicofarmacología
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Pharmacological activation of CB2 receptors counteracts the deleterious effect of ethanol on cell proliferation in the main neurogenic zones of the a…

2015

Chronic alcohol exposure reduces endocannabinoid activity and disrupts adult neurogenesis in rodents, which results in structural and functional alterations. Cannabinoid receptor agonists promote adult neural progenitor cell (NPC) proliferation. We evaluated the protective effects of the selective CB1 receptor agonist ACEA, the selective CB2 receptor agonist JWH133 and the fatty-acid amide-hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor URB597, which enhances endocannabinoid receptor activity, on NPC proliferation in rats with forced consumption of ethanol (10%) or sucrose liquid diets for 2 weeks. We performed immunohistochemical and stereological analyses of cells expressing the mitotic phosphorylation of his…

:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Physiological Processes::Growth and Development::Morphogenesis::Embryonic and Fetal Development::Organogenesis::Neurogenesis [Medical Subject Headings]CB1 receptorTubulina (proteína)Cannabinoid receptorCarbamatosEtanol:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nuclear Proteins::Histones [Medical Subject Headings]Ventrículos lateralesSacarosaNeuronasSubgranular zone0302 clinical medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB1 [Medical Subject Headings]Histonas:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Carboxylic Acids::Acids Acyclic::Carbamates [Medical Subject Headings]Receptor cannabinoide CB1Cannabinoid receptor type 2:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Phosphorylation [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Cells::Stem Cells::Neural Stem Cells [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Neurons [Medical Subject Headings]health care economics and organizations:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Cerebral Ventricles::Lateral Ventricles [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research:Chemicals and Drugs::Nucleic Acids Nucleotides and Nucleosides::Nucleosides::Deoxyribonucleosides::Deoxyuridine::Bromodeoxyuridine [Medical Subject Headings]0303 health sciencesAlcoholismoalcoholConsumo de alcoholNeurogenesis:Phenomena and Processes::Genetic Phenomena::Phenotype::Genetic Markers [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators::Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists [Medical Subject Headings]Benzamidas:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Membrane Proteins::Receptors Cell Surface::Receptors G-Protein-Coupled::Receptors Cannabinoid::Receptor Cannabinoid CB2 [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid system3. Good healthbromodesoxiuridinaneurogenesisEndocannabinoidesmedicine.anatomical_structure:Chemicals and Drugs::Enzymes and Coenzymes::Enzymes::Hydrolases [Medical Subject Headings]ACEADietaAlcoholFosforilaciónAgonistmedicine.medical_specialtyHidrolasasmedicine.drug_classNeurogenesiseducation:Psychiatry and Psychology::Mental Disorders::Substance-Related Disorders::Alcohol-Related Disorders::Alcoholism [Medical Subject Headings]Subventricular zoneBiology:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Telencephalon::Cerebrum::Cerebral Cortex::Hippocampus::Dentate Gyrus [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceRatasInternal medicine:Chemicals and Drugs::Amino Acids Peptides and Proteins::Proteins::Nerve Tissue Proteins::Tubulin [Medical Subject Headings]JWH133medicineGiro dentadolcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry030304 developmental biologyCélulas madre nerviosas:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]Dentate gyrusmarcadores genéticosCB2 receptor:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Polysaccharides::Oligosaccharides::Disaccharides::Sucrose [Medical Subject Headings]:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Prosencephalon::Diencephalon::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Alcohols::Ethanol [Medical Subject Headings]Endocrinology:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]nervous system:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Drinking Behavior::Alcohol Drinking [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Benzamides [Medical Subject Headings]030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHipotálamoNeuroscience
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Universities' mundaneness and regional engagement : Setting the stage

2022

This chapter introduces the main logic of this volume, which starts from the grassroots level of universities’ “everyday” engagements, looking at the manifold ways in which university knowledge agents build connections with multiple regional partners across the public and private sectors, and civic society more generally. Roles, functions and normative orientations of universities in the context of their surrounding regions have, in many cases, been taken for granted and, thus, have not been systematically addressed and/or still lack theorizing, due to the focus being on extraordinary, large-scale and eye-catching activities, and financially impressive transactions such as patents and spin-…

:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200 [VDP]:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240::Offentlig og privat administrasjon: 242 [VDP]VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240
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Universities and regions: New insights and emerging developments

2022

In this concluding chapter, the editors take stock of the empirical findings across the cases and levels of analysis and link the empirical evidence to the analytical framework presented in Chapter 2. In so doing, we revisit the interplay between macro, meso, and micro dimensions of the environments as well as the temporality in which higher education institutions (HEIs) operate, which, taken together, help shape the mundane (everyday) or routine behaviours of actors within HEIs. The editors conclude by suggesting that the empirical evidence and conceptual insights advanced in this volume represent a needed first step, yet more needs to be done (future studies) to further unpack how the dyn…

:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200 [VDP]:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240::Offentlig og privat administrasjon: 242 [VDP]VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240
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Unpacking Mundaneness : A novel conceptual framework for universities and regional engagement

2022

In this chapter, we debate the current view on university-regional engagements and suggest a renewed theoretical framework based on four main elements – macro, meso, micro dimensions, as well as a meta-dimension of temporality that cuts across all levels. The macro environment is typically defined as pertaining to public policies, culture, laws, and economy, while the meso environment includes links between the macro (societal) forces and the micro (agents) level through intermediate institutions and structures and is characterized by the processes and mechanisms of interaction of different actors. The micro level is about agency – organizations or individuals/groups within organizations – …

:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200 [VDP]:Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240::Offentlig og privat administrasjon: 242 [VDP]VDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240
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Лифляндская губернская подготовительная комиссія, 1906 г. [Лифляндская губернская подготовительная комиссия, 1906 г.]

1906

Содержание: Журналы заседаний Лифляндской губернской подготовительной комиссии (№ 1-13) по делам земского самоуправления, по учебной части, по делам церковного управления, по аграрным вопросам, о реорганизации волостного самоуправления, по судебной части. Список членов Лифл. губернской подготовительной комиссии. Перечен вопросов, внесенных на обсуждение Лифл. подготовительной комисси и другие материалы.

:TECHNOLOGY::Industrial engineering and economy::Industrial organisation administration and economics [Research Subject Categories]Local governmentPublic administrationЛифляндская губернская подготовительная комиссия - заседанияVidzemes guberņa - pārvaldePašvaldības - Vidzemes guberņa (Krievija):SOCIAL SCIENCES::Other social sciences::Public sector research [Research Subject Categories]Лифляндская губерня - управление
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El reconocimiento como fundamento de una ética de la función pública. Un marco para su aplicación en organizaciones públicas.

2013

La tesis propone que el paradigma filosófico del reconocimiento recíproco es el más adecuado para fundamentar una ética aplicada a la función pública. Tras aplicar el método de ética aplicada como hermenéutica crítica, identifica los principales contenidos normativos de una ética de la función pública en los discursos y prácticas en los que actualmente se manifiesta esta ética. Luego, reconstruye parte del itinerario filosófico del concepto de reconocimiento recíproco para comprender las relaciones entre administradores y admionistrados como relaciones de reconocimiento. Finalmente, la tesis explora cómo desde este enfoque es posible profundizar la comprensión y proponer mejoras para la apl…

:ÉTICA [UNESCO]UNESCO::ÉTICAéticaUNESCO::CIENCIA POLÍTICA::Administración públicareconocimiento:CIENCIA POLÍTICA::Administración pública [UNESCO]función públicaética aplicada
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Polyoxypregnanes as safe, potent, and specific ABCB1-inhibitory pro-drugs to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy in vitro and in vivo

2021

Multidrug resistance (MDR) mediated by ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) is significantly hindering effective cancer chemotherapy. However, currently, no ABCB1-inhibitory drugs have been approved to treat MDR cancer clinically, mainly due to the inhibitor specificity, toxicity, and drug interactions. Here, we reported that three polyoxypregnanes (POPs) as the most abundant constituents of Marsdenia tenacissima (M. tenacissima) were novel ABCB1-modulatory pro-drugs, which underwent intestinal microbiota-mediated biotransformation in vivo to generate active metabolites. The metabolites at non-toxic concentrations restored chemosensitivity in ABCB1-overexpressing cancer cells v…

ABCC1 ATP binding cassette subfamily C member 1IC50 half maximal inhibitory concentrationMultidrug resistancePharmacologyNADPH reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateF bioavailabilitychemistry.chemical_compoundPCR polymerase chain reaction0302 clinical medicineMDR multidrug resistanceECL electrochemiluminescencet1/2 elimination half-lifeLC–MS liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometryN.D. not detectedGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and PharmaceuticsBBB blood–brain barriermedia_commonATF3 activating transcription factor 30303 health sciencesChemistryABC ATP-binding cassetteNMPA National Medical Products AdministrationPXR pregnane X receptorSDS-PAGE sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisHBSS Hankʹs balanced salt solutionABCB1Combination chemotherapyProdrugMarsdenia tenacissimaCmax peak concentrationPaclitaxelGAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBHI brain heart infusionOriginal ArticleAUC0–∞ area under plasma concentration vs. time curveMRT mean residence timeDrugmedia_common.quotation_subjectRM1-950Vd volume of distributionABCB1 ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1UIC-2 mouse monoclonal ABCB1 antibodyABCG2 ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2Combination chemotherapyCYP cytochrome P450 isozymePI propidium iodideTEER transepithelial electrical resistance03 medical and health sciencesPBS phosphate buffer salineFBS fetal bovine serumDox doxorubicinIn vivoPOP polyoxypregnanemedicine030304 developmental biologyEVOM epithelial tissue voltohmmeterTmax time for peak concentrationCancerLBE lowest binding energyPE phycoerythrinmedicine.diseaseMultiple drug resistancePolyoxypregnanePapp apparent permeabilityN.A. not applicableCancer cellH&E hematoxylin and eosinMDR1a multidrug resistance protein 1aTherapeutics. PharmacologyqPCR quantitative PCRM. tenacissima Marsdenia tenacissimaCL clearanceSD standard derivationActa Pharmaceutica Sinica B
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Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes of Renin–Angiotensin System Blockade in Adult Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review with Network Met…

2016

Background Medications aimed at inhibiting the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) have been used extensively for preventing cardiovascular and renal complications in patients with diabetes, but data that compare their clinical effectiveness are limited. We aimed to compare the effects of classes of RAS blockers on cardiovascular and renal outcomes in adults with diabetes. Methods and Findings Eligible trials were identified by electronic searches in PubMed/MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (1 January 2004 to 17 July 2014). Interventions of interest were angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and direct renin (DR) inhibitors. T…

ACE inhibitorsMyocardial InfarctionAngiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyACE inhibitor therapyBiochemistryRenin-Angiotensin SystemAnginachemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyMathematical and Statistical Techniques0302 clinical medicineReninMedicine and Health SciencesSecondary Prevention030212 general & internal medicineMyocardial infarctionDiureticsStrokePharmaceuticsRDrugsEnzyme inhibitorsCardiovascular therapyGeneral Medicine3. Good healthHospitalizationStrokeNephrologyCardiovascular DiseasesPhysical SciencesCardiologyMedicineDrug therapyStatistics (Mathematics)Research Articlemedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrine DisordersCardiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsAngina PectorisDiabetes ComplicationsAngiotensin Receptor Antagonists03 medical and health sciencesDiabetes mellitusInternal medicineRenal DiseasesDiabetes MellitusmedicineHumansStatistical MethodsRenal Insufficiency ChronicPharmacologyHeart FailureCreatinineBiology and life sciencesbusiness.industryOdds ratiomedicine.diseasechemistryMetabolic DisordersHeart failuresistema cardiovascularACE inhibitorEnzymologyKidney Failure ChronicbusinessMathematicsMeta-AnalysisPLOS Medicine
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