Search results for "NIST"
showing 10 items of 13738 documents
The Internationalization of Antitrust Policy
2012
Armature culturali di sviluppo. Rigenerazione urbana e politiche culturali
2014
Abitiamo un “pianeta urbano” in cui più della metà della popolazione vive nelle città, con valori che in Europa raggiungono l’80%. Il consolidamento della città come forma prevalente dell’abitare il mondo ne assegna sempre più il ruolo di growth machine dello sviluppo, motore dell’evoluzione e del dinamismo delle comunità, generatrice di stili di vita innovativi. Le città si propongono come potenti attrattrici della popolazione non solo dalle zone rurali, ma sempre più dalle altre città ed un poderoso flusso di “classe creativa” le attraversa e ne alimenta la rigenerazione e la competitività. La città creativa diventa icona della contemporaneità, retorica ricorrente per disegnare visioni, d…
Decisione pubblica e responsabilità dell’amministrazione nella società dell’algoritmo
2019
In the information society, algorithms are increasingly employed to take crucial decisions that affect people’s life. By including, excluding, classifying and ranking, algorithms decide prizes and penalties, benefits and liabilities, both in the private and in the public sector: health, employment, education, finance, housing, and even criminal justice. Despite being often presented as scientific, objective and neutral, made of numbers, rules and data, this is rarely the case: in fact, algorithms adopt predictive models which involve critical judgements based on questionable opinions, beliefs, values, biases and sometimes prejudices. Algorithmic decisions are also highly resistant to legal …
Urban regeneration of abandoned and contaminated industrial areas. Case study: Eternitten district in Aalborg (DK)
2020
The article describes the decontamination and regeneration process of the Eternitten district, an abandoned industrial complex for the production of cement and asbestos south of Aalborg, in a new multifunctional and sustainable neighbourhood. The designation of the district as an urban transformation area is part of a general regeneration of Aalborg whose industrial profile is gradually being replaced by a new profile more oriented towards culture and innovation. Eternittens Vidensby Village 21, from eternit factory to knowledge factory, is the vision – developed by Kjær & Richter for Søren Enggaard A/S – for an innovative use of the neighbourhood. The vision, which is inspired by the v…
Eternitten Village 21: the city of knowledge. From industrial contamination to social and cultural contamination
2020
The paper describes the decontamination and regeneration process of the Eternitten district, an abandoned industrial complex for the production of cement and asbestos south of Aalborg, in a new multifunctional and sustainable neighbourhood. The designation of the district as an urban transformation area is part of a general regeneration of Aalborg whose industrial profile is gradually being replaced by a new profile more oriented towards culture and innovation. Eternittens Vidensby Village 21, from eternit factory to knowledge factory, is the vision developed by Kjær & Richter for Søren Enggaard A/S for an innovative use of the neighbourhood. The vision, which is inspired by the village…
La desamortización y enajenación del dominio de Sueca a finales del antiguo régimen: la presencia de Godoy como duque y señor de Sueca
2010
La concesión del ducado de Sueca a Manuel Godoy y la adquisición, mediante pública subasta del término y las pertenencias de esta villa, provocó importantes cambios en la jurisdicción y administración de la anterior posesión de la Orden de Montesa. La modificación en las condiciones de la compra, confirieron al Príncipe de la Paz los mismos privilegios de los que disfrutaba el Rey como Gran Maestre y Administrador Perpetuo, lo que acabó generando tensiones con los vecinos, terratenientes y el propio Ayuntamiento. The granting of the Duchy of Sueca to Manuel Godoy and the acquisition by auction of the territory and the belongings of this town, led to significant changes in the jurisdiction a…
Improving Dissolution Behavior and Oral Absorption of Drugs with pH-Dependent Solubility Using pH Modifiers: A Physiologically Realistic Mass Transpo…
2021
Orally dosed drugs must dissolve in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract before being absorbed through the epithelial cell membrane. In vivo drug dissolution depends on the GI tract's physiological conditions such as pH, residence time, luminal buffers, intestinal motility, and transit and drug properties under fed and fasting conditions (Paixao, P. et al. Mol. Pharm. 2018 and Bermejo, et al. M. Mol. Pharm. 2018). The dissolution of an ionizable drug may benefit from manipulating in vivo variables such as the environmental pH using pH-modifying agents incorporated into the dosage form. A successful example is the use of such agents for dissolution enhancement of BCS class IIb (high-permeability,…
Viscosity-mediated negative food effect on oral absorption of poorly-permeable drugs with an absorption window in the proximal intestine: In vitro ex…
2014
Concomitant food intake can diminish oral absorption of drugs with limited permeability and an absorption window in the proximal intestine, due to viscosity-mediated decrease in dosage form disintegration time and drug dissolution rate. Three poorly-permeable drugs (atenolol, metformin hydrochloride, and furosemide) exhibiting negative food effect, and one highly-soluble and highly-permeable (metoprolol tartrate), serving as a negative control, were selected for the study. In vitro and in silico tools were used to evaluate the influence of media viscosity on drug bioperformance under fasted and fed conditions. The obtained results demonstrated that increased medium viscosity in the presence…
New prospective in treatment of Parkinson's disease: Studies on permeation of ropinirole through buccal mucosa
2012
The aptitude of ropinirole to permeate the buccal tissue was tested using porcine mucosa mounted on Franz-type diffusion cells as ex vivo model. Drug permeation was also evaluated in presence of various penetration enhancers and in iontophoretic conditions. Ropinirole, widely used in treatment of motor fluctuations of Parkinson's disease, passes the buccal mucosa. Flux and permeability coefficient values suggested that the membrane does not appear a limiting step to the drug absorption. Nevertheless, an initial lag time is observed but the input rate can be modulated by permeation enhancement using limonene or by application of electric fields. Absorption improvement was accompanied by the …
Micellar liquid chromatography for prediction of drug transport.
2000
Abstract The vast majority of well absorbed drugs are transported passively across the cell membranes. Physicochemical descriptors of drug molecules that are believed to influence transcellular transport are routinely used to predict drug absorption by means of complex mathematical models. In this paper, a new in vitro method, based on the retention data in micellar liquid chromatography (MLC), is validated for the prediction of passive drug absorption. The retention of a heterogeneous drugs set in MLC using Brij 35 as surfactant in the mobile phase is compared with the retention data reported in literature obtained in red cell membrane lipid liposomes, human red cell membranes vesicles (ve…