Search results for "NOISE"

showing 10 items of 1375 documents

Modelling spatial and spectral systematic noise patterns on CHRIS/PROBA hyperspectral data

2006

In addition to typical random noise, remote sensing hyperspectral images are generally affected by non-periodic partially deterministic disturbance patterns due to the image formation process and characterized by a high degree of spatial and spectral coherence. This paper presents a new technique that faces the problem of removing the spatial coherent noise known as vertical stripping (VS) usually found in images acquired by push-broom sensors, in particular for the Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS). The correction is based on the hypothesis that the vertical disturbance presents higher spatial frequencies than the surface radiance. The proposed method introduces a way to…

Image formationSpectrometerComputer scienceNoise reductionRadianceHyperspectral imagingSpatial frequencySpectral resolutionRadiometric calibrationRemote sensing
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Correction of systematic spatial noise in push-broom hyperspectral sensors: application to CHRIS/PROBA images

2008

Hyperspectral remote sensing images are affected by different types of noise. In addition to typical random noise, nonperiodic partially deterministic disturbance patterns generally appear in the data. These patterns, which are intrinsic to the image formation process, are characterized by a high degree of spatial and spectral coherence. We present a new technique that faces the problem of removing the spatially coherent noise known as vertical striping, usually found in images acquired by push-broom sensors. The developed methodology is tested on data acquired by the Compact High Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (CHRIS) onboard the Project for On-board Autonomy (PROBA) orbital platform, whi…

Image formationmedicine.medical_specialtySpectrometerbusiness.industryComputer scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Noise reductionHyperspectral imagingSpectral density550 - Earth sciencesImage processingIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringSpectral imagingNoiseOpticsmedicineImage noiseSpatial frequencyBusiness and International ManagementbusinessRemote sensingApplied Optics
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Diffusion equations with negentropy applied to denoise mammographic images.

2006

Mammography is a radiographic technique used for the detection of breast lesions. The analysis of the digital image normally requires a previous application of filters as a preprocessing step to reduce the noise level of the image, while preserving important details to carry out a suitable diagnostic. In the literature, there are a large amount of denoising techniques applied to different medical images. In this work we have studied the performance of a diffusive filter with a stopping condition based on the statistical concept of negentropy, applied to denoise mammographic images. The negentropy has been succesfully prove with other denoising methods as independent component analysis by th…

Image qualityNoise reductionEntropyPhysics::Medical PhysicsNormal DistributionBreast NeoplasmsDiffusionDigital imagesymbols.namesakeBreast DiseasesHumansComputer visionImage restorationMathematicsModels Statisticalbusiness.industryWiener filterReproducibility of ResultsFilter (signal processing)Models TheoreticalNon-local meansRadiographic Image EnhancementComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSubtraction TechniquesymbolsRadiographic Image Interpretation Computer-AssistedNegentropyArtificial intelligencebusinessArtifactsAlgorithmsMammography
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On the Statistical Properties of Phase Crossings and Random FM Noise in Double Rayleigh Fading Channels

2016

In this paper, we study the statistics of phase processes and random frequency modulation (FM) noise encountered in double Rayleigh fading channels. The Rayleigh processes making up the double Rayleigh channel are assumed to be independent but not necessarily identically distributed. The Doppler power spectral densities of these processes are supposed to be symmetric about the carrier frequency. Under these fading conditions, we derive first an expression for the joint probability density function (jpdf) of the phase process and its rate of change. Capitalizing on this jpdf formula, we then investigate the probability density function (pdf) and cumulative distribution function (cdf) of rand…

Independent and identically distributed random variablesComputer Networks and CommunicationsRayleigh distributionCumulative distribution functionAerospace Engineering020302 automobile design & engineering020206 networking & telecommunicationsProbability density function02 engineering and technologyNoise (electronics)Moment (mathematics)0203 mechanical engineeringAutomotive Engineering0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringFadingStatistical physicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringComputer Science::Information TheoryMathematicsRayleigh fadingIEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
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Is Big Brother Watching Us? Google, Investor Sentiment and the Stock Market

2013

International audience; This paper proposes a novel measure of French investor sentiment based on the volume of internet search reported by Google Trends. We find that our sentiment indicator correlates well with alternative sentiment measures often used in the literature. Furthermore, we find that investor sentiment influences the behavior of mutual fund investors. The results also reveal evidence about short-run predictability in return. An increase in our sentiment index leads to short-term return reversal. The reversal pattern is more pronounced for smaller firms than larger firms, consistent with the predictions of noise trader's models.

Index (economics)Financial economicsbusiness.industryGoogle TrendsInvestor sentimentBrotherStock returnsjel:G0Google Trends Investor sentiment VAR model Stock returnsjel:G1Noise traderEconomics[SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationStock marketThe InternetPredictabilitybusiness[ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration[SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administrationMutual fund
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Separating compound figures in journal articles to allow for subfigure classification

2013

Journal images represent an important part of the knowledge stored in the medical literature. Figure classification has received much attention as the information of the image types can be used in a variety of contexts to focus image search and filter out unwanted information or ”noise”, for example non–clinical images. A major problem in figure classification is the fact that many figures in the biomedical literature are compound figures and do often contain more than a single figure type. Some journals do separate compound figures into several parts but many do not, thus requiring currently manual separation. In this work, a technique of compound figure separation is proposed and implemen…

Information retrieval020205 medical informaticsComputer scienceProcess (computing)020207 software engineering02 engineering and technologyFilter (signal processing)Image (mathematics)[INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV][ INFO.INFO-TI ] Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringBenchmark (computing)Noise (video)Focus (optics)ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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Modelling pavement surface characteristics for noise prediction through Bailey-related indicators

2021

The aggregate gradation of bituminous mixtures (hot mix asphalts, HMA) is one of the major factors affecting their surface texture. In turn, this latter is a crucial factor and influences drivers and bystanders’ safety, comfort, and health. Despite this, the design of texture levels still lacks sound bases and dedicated algorithms and this negatively affects the acoustic design of bituminous mixtures. Consequently, the objectives of this study were confined into the derivation of relationships to be used in mix design to predict texture levels. Experimental data were analyzed, in the pursuit of setting up appropriate models and algorithms. Analyses involved the consideration of Bailey-relat…

Infrastructure050210 logistics & transportationhighwaysAggregate (composite)Computer science05 social sciences0211 other engineering and technologiesExperimental data02 engineering and technologySurface finishTexture (music)Industrial engineeringPerformance characteristicsNoiseMechanics of MaterialsAsphaltRoads &amp021105 building & construction0502 economics and businessPavement designSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiGradationNoiseSet (psychology)Civil and Structural EngineeringInternational Journal of Pavement Research and Technology
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Statistic moments of the total energy of potential systems and application to equivalent non-linearization

2000

In this paper some properties of the total energy moments of potential systems, subjected to external white noise processes, are shown. Potential systems with a polynomial form of energy-dependent damping have been considered. It is shown that the analytical relations between the statistical moments of the energy associated with such systems can be obtained with the aid of the standard Ito calculus. Furthermore, it is shown that, for the stationary case, these analytical relations are very useful for the application of the equivalent non-linearization technique.

Iterative methodApplied MathematicsMechanical Engineeringequivalent non-linearizationMathematical analysisStochastic calculusmoment equationWhite noisePotential energyIto stochastic calculusSettore ICAR/09 - Tecnica Delle CostruzioniNonlinear systemMechanics of MaterialsLinearizationpotential systemEnergy (signal processing)StatisticMathematicsInternational Journal of Non-Linear Mechanics
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Response spectrum analysis of frame structures: reliability-based comparison between complete quadratic combination and damping-adjusted combination

2019

In the framework of seismic design of structures, response spectrum analysis (RSA) is the most commonly used approach in practice. The most popular combination rule is the complete quadratic combination (CQC) which is also prescribed by the most of seismic design codes and is based on the assumptions that the seismic acceleration is a white noise process and the peak factor ratios associated to the total and modal responses are unitary. Recently, the damping adjusted combination (DAC) rule has been developed for base-isolated structures to overcome the aforementioned simplified assumptions. Although it has been proved that the simplifications about peak factors lead to noticeable errors in …

Joint PDFComplete quadratic combination (CQC); Damping-adjusted combination (DAC); Joint PDF; Reliability assessment; Response spectrum analysis (RSA); Time history analysis (THA); Civil and Structural Engineering; Building and Construction; Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology; Geophysics021110 strategic defence & security studiesResponse spectrum analysis (RSA)Reliability assessment0211 other engineering and technologiesTorsion (mechanics)02 engineering and technologyBuilding and ConstructionWhite noiseGeotechnical Engineering and Engineering GeologySeismic analysisGeophysicsQuadratic equationModalDamping-adjusted combination (DAC)Joint probability distributionLog-normal distributionTime history analysis (THA)Response spectrumAlgorithmComplete quadratic combination (CQC)Civil and Structural EngineeringMathematicsBulletin of Earthquake Engineering
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DECAY OF NONLOCALITY DUE TO ADIABATIC AND QUANTUM NOISE IN THE SOLID STATE

2010

We study the decay of quantum nonlocality, identified by the violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality, for two noninteracting Josephson qubits subject to independent baths with broadband spectra typical of solid state nanodevices. The bath noise can be separated in an adiabatic (low-frequency) and in a quantum (high-frequency) part. We point out the qualitative different effects on quantum nonlocal correlations induced by adiabatic and quantum noise. A quantitaive analysis is performed for typical noise figures in Josephson systems. Finally we compare, for this system, the dynamics of nonlocal correlations and of entanglement.

Josephson charge qubitsPhysicsQuantum Physicsopen quantum systemPhysics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)Quantum noiseFOS: Physical sciencesopen quantum systemsQuantum PhysicsQuantum entanglementNonlocality; open quantum systems; Josephson charge qubitsNoise (electronics)Settore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaQuantum nonlocalityBell's theoremQubitQuantum mechanicsNonlocalityQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Adiabatic processQuantumInternational Journal of Quantum Information
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