Search results for "NULL"
showing 10 items of 396 documents
Environmental Characteristics and Anthropogenic Impact Jointly Modify Aquatic Macrophyte Species Diversity
2018
Species richness and spatial variation in community composition (i.e. beta diversity) are key measures of biodiversity. They are largely determined by natural factors, but also increasingly affected by anthropogenic factors. Thus, there is a need for a clear understanding of the human impact on species richness and beta diversity, the underlying mechanisms, and whether human-induced changes can override natural patterns. Here, we dissect the patterns of species richness, community composition and beta diversity in relation to different environmental factors as well as human impact in one framework: aquatic macrophytes in 66 boreal lakes in Eastern Finland. The lakes had been classified as h…
Decoupled nonlinear adaptive control of position and stiffness for pneumatic soft robots
2020
This article addresses the problem of simultaneous and robust closed-loop control of joint stiffness and position, for a class of antagonistically actuated pneumatic soft robots with rigid links and compliant joints. By introducing a first-order dynamic equation for the stiffness variable and using the additional control degree of freedom, embedded in the null space of the pneumatic actuator matrix, an innovative control approach is introduced comprising an adaptive compensator and a dynamic decoupler. The proposed solution builds upon existing adaptive control theory and provides a technique for closing the loop on joint stiffness in pneumatic variable stiffness actuators. Under a very mi…
Remarks on GRN-type systems
2020
Systems of ordinary differential equations that appear in gene regulatory networks theory are considered. We are focused on asymptotical behavior of solutions. There are stable critical points as well as attractive periodic solutions in two-dimensional and three-dimensional systems. Instead of considering multiple parameters (10 in a two-dimensional system) we focus on typical behaviors of nullclines. Conclusions about possible attractors are made.
Statistical characterization of deviations from planned flight trajectories in air traffic management
2016
Understanding the relation between planned and realized flight trajectories and the determinants of flight deviations is of great importance in air traffic management. In this paper we perform an in depth investigation of the statistical properties of planned and realized air traffic on the German airspace during a 28 day periods, corresponding to an AIRAC cycle. We find that realized trajectories are on average shorter than planned ones and this effect is stronger during night-time than daytime. Flights are more frequently deviated close to the departure airport and at a relatively large angle to destination. Moreover, the probability of a deviation is higher in low traffic phases. All the…
Multi-level integration of environmentally perturbed internal phenotypes reveals key points of connectivity between them
2017
The genotype and external phenotype of organisms are linked by so-called internal phenotypes which are influenced by environmental conditions. In this study, we used five existing -omics datasets representing five different layers of internal phenotypes, which were simultaneously measured in dietarily perturbed mice. We performed 10 pair-wise correlation analyses verified with a null model built from randomized data. Subsequently, the inferred networks were merged and literature mined for co-occurrences of identified linked nodes. Densely connected internal phenotypes emerged. Forty-five nodes have links with all other data-types and we denote them "connectivity hubs." In literature, we fou…
Pitfalls of hypothesis tests and model selection on bootstrap samples: Causes and consequences in biometrical applications
2015
The bootstrap method has become a widely used tool applied in diverse areas where results based on asymptotic theory are scarce. It can be applied, for example, for assessing the variance of a statistic, a quantile of interest or for significance testing by resampling from the null hypothesis. Recently, some approaches have been proposed in the biometrical field where hypothesis testing or model selection is performed on a bootstrap sample as if it were the original sample. P-values computed from bootstrap samples have been used, for example, in the statistics and bioinformatics literature for ranking genes with respect to their differential expression, for estimating the variability of p-v…
A neural architecture for 3D segmentation
2003
An original neural scheme for segmentation of range data is presented, which is part of a more general 3D vision system for robotic applications. The entire process relies on a neural architecture aimed to perform first order image irradiance analysis, that is local estimation of magnitude and orientation of the image irradiance gradient.In the case of dense 3D data, irradiance is replaced by depth information so irradiance analysis of these pseudo-images provides knowledge about the actual curvature of the acquired surfaces. In particular, boundaries and contours due to mutual occlusions can be detected very well while there are no false contours due to rapid changing in brightness or colo…
Nullità sopravvenuta (una breve riflessione propositiva)
2022
Il contributo ha ad oggetto una riflessione propositiva sulla cosiddetta nullità sopravvenuta, valorizzando nei contratti ad efficacia non ancora esaurita la vigenza della fonte. Da ciò può dedursi che in ogni momento e fase dinamica del contratto sia implicito un costante ancoraggio alla sua giustificazione, che imporrebbe una reiterazione del giudizio di validità. Così che per i casi nei quali il contratto si ponga in un secondo momento in contrasto con regole di validità poste dall’ordinamento per effetto di una circostanza successiva alla sua formazione, pur in senso diacronico (rispetto all’origine), sia ravvisabile una ipotesi di nullità successiva
La negociación colectiva de empresa por representantes de base unitaria: el principio de correspondencia como límite jurisprudencial. Comentario a la…
2016
La Sentencia que ocupará las siguientes páginas aborda la legalidad de un convenio de empresa suscrito por un delegado de personal pero cuyo ámbito funcional pretende extenderse a la totalidad de la empresa. Impugnado el convenio por una Federación Sindical, la cual pretende que las condiciones de los trabajadores se sigan rigiendo por el convenio sectorial aplicable, la AN estima la pretensión de la parte actora, aplicando el principio de correspondencia. The Court ruling that we are analyzing decides the legality of an enterprise agreement signed by an elected representative, but whose functional scope intended to extend to the entire company. Challenged the agreement by Federation ofTrad…
Análisis jurisprudencial de la legitimación pasiva de las entidades financieras en las reclamaciones realizadas por consumidores derivadas de una com…
2021
Consumers, who acquired real estate through a deed of sale with a mortgage subrogation, have made numerous claims against the financial entities. They request the nullity of the clause that imposes upon them all the expenses cause by the notarial deed. Financial entities have alleged that they do not have the capacity to be sued. Courts decisions have been diverse.