Search results for "NUMBER"

showing 10 items of 3939 documents

Quantum clustering in non-spherical data distributions: Finding a suitable number of clusters

2017

Quantum Clustering (QC) provides an alternative approach to clustering algorithms, several of which are based on geometric relationships between data points. Instead, QC makes use of quantum mechanics concepts to find structures (clusters) in data sets by finding the minima of a quantum potential. The starting point of QC is a Parzen estimator with a fixed length scale, which significantly affects the final cluster allocation. This dependence on an adjustable parameter is common to other methods. We propose a framework to find suitable values of the length parameter σ by optimising twin measures of cluster separation and consistency for a given cluster number. This is an extension of the Se…

0301 basic medicineClustering high-dimensional dataMathematical optimizationCognitive NeuroscienceSingle-linkage clusteringCorrelation clustering02 engineering and technologyComputer Science ApplicationsHierarchical clusteringDetermining the number of clusters in a data set03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyArtificial Intelligence0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringCluster (physics)020201 artificial intelligence & image processingQACluster analysisAlgorithmk-medians clusteringMathematicsNeurocomputing
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Easy One-Step Amplification and Labeling Procedure for Copy Number Variation Detection.

2019

Abstract Background The specific characteristics of copy number variations (CNVs) require specific methods of detection and characterization. We developed the Easy One-Step Amplification and Labeling procedure for CNV detection (EOSAL-CNV), a new method based on proportional amplification and labeling of amplicons in 1 PCR. Methods We used tailed primers for specific amplification and a pair of labeling probes (only 1 labeled) for amplification and labeling of all amplicons in just 1 reaction. Products were loaded directly onto a capillary DNA sequencer for fragment sizing and quantification. Data obtained could be analyzed by Microsoft Excel spreadsheet or EOSAL-CNV analysis software. We d…

0301 basic medicineDNA Copy Number VariationsClinical BiochemistryComputational biologyPolymerase Chain Reaction03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHumansMultiplexMultiplex ligation-dependent probe amplificationCopy-number variationIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceFluorescent DyesChemistryBiochemistry (medical)Sequence Analysis DNAAmpliconChromosome 17 (human)MSH6DNA sequencer030104 developmental biologyReceptors LDLMSH2030220 oncology & carcinogenesisDNA ProbesMultiplex Polymerase Chain ReactionClinical chemistry
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Contribution of allelic imbalance to colorectal cancer

2018

Point mutations in cancer have been extensively studied but chromosomal gains and losses have been more challenging to interpret due to their unspecific nature. Here we examine high-resolution allelic imbalance (AI) landscape in 1699 colorectal cancers, 256 of which have been whole-genome sequenced (WGSed). The imbalances pinpoint 38 genes as plausible AI targets based on previous knowledge. Unbiased CRISPR-Cas9 knockout and activation screens identified in total 79 genes within AI peaks regulating cell growth. Genetic and functional data implicate loss of TP53 as a sufficient driver of AI. The WGS highlights an influence of copy number aberrations on the rate of detected somatic point muta…

0301 basic medicineDenmarkLoss of HeterozygosityGeneral Physics and AstronomyAllelic ImbalanceLoss of heterozygosityGenotypeddc:576.5RNA Small Interferinglcsh:ScienceRNA Small Interfering/geneticsGeneticsMultidisciplinaryQGenomicsPhenotype3. Good healthGENOMEPhenotypesyöpägeenitAllelic ImbalanceTumor Suppressor Protein p53/geneticsColorectal NeoplasmsChromosomes Human Pair 8GENESDNA Copy Number VariationsGenotypeScienceTranscription Factors/geneticsGenomicscolorectal cancerBiologyArticleGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansPoint MutationGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenepaksusuolisyöpäChromosome AberrationsWhole Genome SequencingHUMAN-COLONGene Expression ProfilingPoint mutationCancerGeneral Chemistrymedicine.diseaseColorectal Neoplasms/geneticsENHANCERS030104 developmental biologyCELLSlcsh:Q3111 BiomedicineTumor Suppressor Protein p53CRISPR-Cas SystemsmutaatiotTranscription FactorsMicrosatellite Repeats
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Array-based molecular karyotyping in 115 VATER/VACTERL and VATER/VACTERL-like patients identifies disease-causing copy number variations

2017

Background The acronym VATER/VACTERL refers to the rare nonrandom association of the following component features (CF): vertebral defects (V), anorectal malformations (A), cardiac defects (C), tracheoesophageal fistula with or without esophageal atresia, renal malformations (R), and limb defects (L). Patients presenting with at least three CFs are diagnosed as having VATER/VACTERL association while patients presenting with only two CFs are diagnosed as having VATER/VACTERL-like phenotypes. Recently, rare causative copy number variations (CNVs) have been identified in patients with VATER/VACTERL association and VATER/VACTERL-like phenotypes. Methods To detect further causative CNVs we perfor…

0301 basic medicineEmbryologymedicine.medical_specialtyPathologyHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisTracheoesophageal fistulaDisease030105 genetics & heredityToxicologydigestive systemGastroenterology03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineIn patientCopy-number variationbusiness.industryKaryotypemedicine.diseaseVACTERL associationdigestive system diseases030104 developmental biologyAtresiaPediatrics Perinatology and Child HealthChromosomal regionbusinessDevelopmental BiologyBirth Defects Research
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Relative risk rather than absolute risk reduction should be preferred to sensitise the public to preventive actions.

2021

We thank Lawrence and colleagues1 for their interest in our work,2 about which they raised some comments as the need of expressing results in absolute rather than relative risks. As they appropriately mentioned in their correspondence, absolute risk is an important parameter for the estimation of the effect of an intervention and must sometimes be preferred to relative risk. However, when discussing with health professionals and policymakers, using absolute risk reductions, expressed as percentages, may incorrectly lead to an intervention being considered unnecessary. As example, what would be the point of reducing by 30% the occurrence of an event affecting 2% of the population? This is ex…

0301 basic medicineEstimationRiskeducation.field_of_studyActuarial scienceCancer preventionCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)PopulationGastroenterologyAbsolute risk reductionDiscount points03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineIntervention (counseling)Relative riskHumans030211 gastroenterology & hepatologyeducationPsychologyNumbers Needed To TreatGut
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De novo transcriptome assembly and its annotation for the aposematic wood tiger moth (Parasemia plantaginis)

2017

In this paper we report the public availability of transcriptome resources for the aposematic wood tiger moth (Parasemia plantaginis). A comprehensive assembly methods, quality statistics, and annotation are provided. This reference transcriptome may serve as a useful resource for investigating functional gene activity in aposematic Lepidopteran species. All data is freely available at the European Nucleotide Archive (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena) under study accession number: PRJEB14172. Peer reviewed

0301 basic medicineEuropean Nucleotide Archivelcsh:QH426-470De novo transcriptome assemblyZoologyspeciesAposematismBiochemistryTranscriptome03 medical and health sciencesAnnotationParasemia plantaginisGeneticsta119biologyTiger1184 Genetics developmental biology physiologywood tiger mothAccession number (bioinformatics)biology.organism_classificationlcsh:Genetics030104 developmental biologyEvolutionary biology1181 Ecology evolutionary biologyMolecular Medicineta1181BiotechnologyGenomics Data
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Diversification of spatiotemporal expression and copy number variation of the echinoid hbox12/pmar1/micro1 multigene family

2017

Changes occurring during evolution in the cis-regulatory landscapes of individual members of multigene families might impart diversification in their spatiotemporal expression and function. The archetypal member of the echinoid hbox12/pmar1/micro1 family is hbox12-a, a homeobox-containing gene expressed exclusively by dorsal blastomeres, where it governs the dorsal/ventral gene regulatory network during embryogenesis of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Here we describe the inventory of the hbox12/pmar1/micro1 genes in P. lividus, highlighting that gene copy number variation occurs across individual sea urchins of the same species. We show that the various hbox12/pmar1/micro1 genes grou…

0301 basic medicineEvolutionary GeneticsEmbryologyGene regulatory networklcsh:MedicineGene ExpressionMedicine (all); Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all); Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Database and Informatics MethodsGene duplicationGene Regulatory NetworksCopy-number variationlcsh:ScienceSea urchinPhylogenyMultidisciplinarybiologyPhylogenetic treeMedicine (all)Genes HomeoboxGene Expression Regulation DevelopmentalAnimal ModelsGenomicsExperimental Organism SystemsMultigene FamilySequence AnalysisResearch ArticleEchinodermsDNA Copy Number VariationsBioinformaticsDNA transcriptionZoologySettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareResearch and Analysis MethodsParacentrotus lividus03 medical and health sciencesSequence Motif Analysisbiology.animalGeneticsGene familyAnimalsGeneEvolutionary BiologyBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)lcsh:REmbryosOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesComputational Biologybiology.organism_classificationGenome AnalysisGenomic LibrariesInvertebrates030104 developmental biologyAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)Evolutionary biologySea Urchinslcsh:QSequence AlignmentDevelopmental Biology
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Trochoidal motion and pair generation in skyrmion and antiskyrmion dynamics under spin-orbit torques

2018

Magnetic skyrmions are swirling magnetic spin structures that could be used to build next-generation memory and logic devices. They can be characterized by a topological charge that describes how the spin winds around the core. The dynamics of skyrmions and antiskyrmions, which have opposite topological charges, are typically described by assuming a rigid core. However, this reduces the set of variables that describe skyrmion motion. Here we theoretically explore the dynamics of skyrmions and antiskyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnetic films and show that current-induced spin–orbit torques can lead to trochoidal motion and skyrmion–antiskyrmion pair generation, which occurs only for either the…

0301 basic medicineFOS: Physical sciences01 natural sciencesSpin magnetic moment03 medical and health sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)0103 physical sciencesElectrical and Electronic Engineering010306 general physicsInstrumentationTopological quantum numberSpin-½PhysicsCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsSkyrmionDynamics (mechanics)Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectHelicitySymmetry (physics)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-GEN-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/General Physics [physics.gen-ph]Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials030104 developmental biologyClassical mechanicsOrbit (dynamics)
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Genome-wide association study between CNVs and milk production traits in Valle del Belice sheep.

2019

Copy number variation (CNV) is a major source of genomic structural variation. The aim of this study was to detect genomic CNV regions (CNVR) in Valle del Belice dairy sheep population and to identify those affecting milk production traits. The GO analysis identified possible candidate genes and pathways related to the selected traits. We identified CNVs in 416 individuals genotyped using the Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip array. The CNV association using a correlation-trend test model was examined with the Golden Helix SVS 8.7.0 tool. Significant CNVs were detected when their adjusted p-value was <0.01 after false discovery rate (FDR) correction. We identified 7,208 CNVs, which gave 365 C…

0301 basic medicineFalse discovery rateCandidate geneDNA Copy Number VariationsGenotypeSciencePopulationGenomic Structural VariationQuantitative Trait LociGenome-wide association studyQuantitative trait locusBiology03 medical and health sciencesSettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento GeneticoAnimalsLactationCopy-number variationeducationGeneGeneticseducation.field_of_studyMultidisciplinarySheepBiochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology (all)QAnimals chromosome mapping dairying female genome-Wide association study genotype lactation sheep DNA copy number variations quantitative trait loci0402 animal and dairy scienceRChromosome Mapping04 agricultural and veterinary sciences040201 dairy & animal scienceDairying030104 developmental biologyAgricultural and Biological Sciences (all)MedicineFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyResearch ArticlePLoS ONE
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Measuring the clustering effect of BWT via RLE

2017

Abstract The Burrows–Wheeler Transform (BWT) is a reversible transformation on which are based several text compressors and many other tools used in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology. The BWT is not actually a compressor, but a transformation that performs a context-dependent permutation of the letters of the input text that often create runs of equal letters (clusters) longer than the ones in the original text, usually referred to as the “clustering effect” of BWT. In particular, from a combinatorial point of view, great attention has been given to the case in which the BWT produces the fewest number of clusters (cf. [5] , [16] , [21] , [23] ). In this paper we are concerned about t…

0301 basic medicineGeneral Computer SciencePermutationComputer Science (all)Binary number0102 computer and information sciencesQuantitative Biology::Genomics01 natural sciencesUpper and lower boundsTheoretical Computer ScienceCombinatorics03 medical and health sciencesPermutation030104 developmental biologyTransformation (function)BWT010201 computation theory & mathematicsRun-length encodingComputer Science::Data Structures and AlgorithmsCluster analysisPrimitive root modulo nBWT; Permutation; Run-length encoding; Theoretical Computer Science; Computer Science (all)Word (computer architecture)Run-length encodingMathematics
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