Search results for "Names"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Numerical simulations demonstrate that the double tapering of the spatualae of lizards and insects maximize both detachment resistance and stability

2011

Many biological attachment devices of insects, spiders and geckos consist of arrays of hairs (setae), which are terminated by contact elements of different shapes. However, the most frequently observed shape is a thin plate-like spatula. In spite of a rather wide range of sizes, most spatulae of different animals are not uniform, but rather possess a gradient in thickness and width. Here we show that the spatulae of insects and geckos become gradually thinner and wider approaching the end. This geometrical effect is explained in the present paper, by using a numerical approach for the modelling of the van der Waals adhesion and friction between the contact elements and the substrate. The ap…

Adhesion Peeling GeckoMaterials sciencebiologybusiness.industryComputational MechanicsSetaTaperingSubstrate (electronics)Adhesionbiology.organism_classificationStability (probability)body regionsSettore ING-IND/14 - Progettazione Meccanica E Costruzione Di Macchinesymbols.namesakeOpticsMechanics of MaterialsModeling and SimulationsymbolsGeckovan der Waals forceComposite materialbusinessInternational Journal of Fracture
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Adiabatic evolution of quantum-mechanical systems

1991

A description of the adiabatic approximation in terms of the time-evolution operator is presented. Corrections to the approximation are studied, and it is seen that these can be obtained in a simple way in the case of a rapidly oscillating Hamiltonian.

Adiabatic theoremMechanical systemPhysicsFormalism (philosophy of mathematics)symbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsQuantum mechanicssymbolsHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Adiabatic processQuantumAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPhysical Review A
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Geometric factors in the adiabatic evolution of classical systems

1992

Abstract The adiabatic evolution of the classical time-dependent generalized harmonic oscillator in one dimension is analyzed in detail. In particular, we define the adiabatic approximation, obtain a new derivation of Hannay's angle requiring no averaging principle and point out the existence of a geometric factor accompanying changes in the adiabatic invariant.

Adiabatic theoremPhysicssymbols.namesakeClassical mechanicsGeometric phaseAdiabatic invariantsymbolsGeneral Physics and AstronomyAdiabatic quantum computationAdiabatic processHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Geometric factorHarmonic oscillatorPhysics Letters A
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Revealing Anisotropy in a Paul Trap Through Berry Phase

2006

When an ion confined in an anisotropic bidimensional Paul trap is subjected to a laser beam oriented along an arbitrary direction, the interaction between its electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom is described by a time-dependent Hamiltonian model as a consequence of the lack of symmetry. Appropriately choosing the laser frequency, the Hamiltonian model turns out to be sinusoidally oscillating at the difference between the proper frequencies of the center of mass of the ion. Thus, if the anisotropy of the trap is sufficiently small, the evolution of the system can be considered as adiabatic. In the context of this physical situation we have calculated the Berry phase acquired in a c…

Adiabatic theoremPhysicssymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonanceGeometric phaseQuantum mechanicsIsotropysymbolsObservableIon trapAdiabatic processAnisotropyHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
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Follow‐up of patients subjected to direct and indirect pulp capping of young permanent teeth. A retrospective study

2021

Abstract Objective A retrospective study of the success rate of direct pulp capping (DPC) and indirect pulp capping (IPC) was carried out in children between 6–14 years‐old, considering separately primary caries or caries affecting teeth with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH). Material and methods Data were collected in a dental public health service. Following the inclusion criteria, 232 treatments were analyzed. Success was defined by the presence of a functional tooth without clinical signs or symptoms of pulpal or periapical disease. The success rate was correlated to patient gender, the affected tooth and the indication of therapy using the chi‐squared and Fisher exact test. The s…

AdolescentDentistryDental Pulp Cappingsymbols.namesakeIndirect Pulp Cappingstomatognathic systemyoung permanent teethHumansMedicineChildGeneral DentistryFisher's exact testRetrospective StudiesPermanent teethbusiness.industrySilicatesOxidesRetrospective cohort studyRK1-715Original ArticlesCalcium CompoundsPrimary cariesMolar Incisor HypomineralizationUnited StatesPulp cappingindirect pulp cappingstomatognathic diseasesTreatment OutcomeDentistrydirect pulp cappingsymbolsOriginal ArticleVital pulp therapybusinessPulp Capping and Pulpectomy AgentsDental public healthFollow-Up StudiesClinical and Experimental Dental Research
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Novel hereditary angioedema linked with a heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase 6 gene mutation

2020

Background Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a potentially fatal disorder resulting in recurrent attacks of severe swelling. It may be associated with a genetic deficiency of functional C1 inhibitor or with normal C1 inhibitor (HAEnCI). In families with HAEnCI, HAE-linked mutations in the F12, PLG, KNG1, ANGPT1, or MYOF genes have been identified. In many families with HAEnCI the genetic cause of the disease is currently unknown. Objective The aim of this study was to identify a novel disease-linked mutation for HAEnCI. Methods The study methods comprised whole exome sequencing, Sanger sequencing analysis, pedigree analysis, bioinformatic analysis of the mutation, and biochemical analysis of p…

Adult0301 basic medicineImmunologyMutantGene mutationBiologyC1-inhibitor03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineExome SequencingmedicineHumansImmunology and AllergyExome sequencingAged 80 and overSanger sequencingGeneticsAngioedemas HereditaryHeparan sulfateMiddle Agedmedicine.disease030104 developmental biology030228 respiratory systemchemistryMutationMutation (genetic algorithm)Hereditary angioedemasymbolsbiology.proteinFemaleSulfotransferasesJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
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On-Capillary Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: Determination of Glutathione in Whole Blood Microsamples.

2018

Oxidative stress monitoring in the neonatal period supports early outcome prediction and treatment. Glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant antioxidant in most cells and tissues, including whole blood, and its usefulness as a biomarker has been known for decades. To date, the available methods for GSH determination require laborious sample processing and the use of sophisticated laboratory equipment. To the best of our knowledge, no tools suitable for point-of-care (POC) sensing have been reported. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), performed in a microvolume capillary measurement cell, is proposed in this study as a robust approach for the quantification of GSH in human whole blood…

AdultAntioxidantSilverSurface Propertiesmedicine.medical_treatmentSample processing02 engineering and technologySpectrum Analysis Raman01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeLimit of DetectionmedicineHumansWhole bloodDetection limitChromatography010401 analytical chemistryInfant NewbornGlutathione021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyGlutathioneOrders of magnitude (mass)0104 chemical scienceschemistryPoint-of-Care TestingSample SizesymbolsCapillary surface0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyAnalytical chemistry
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Ultrasonographic Detection of Vascularity of Focal Breast Lesions: Microvascular Imaging Versus Conventional Color and Power Doppler Imaging.

2021

To compare microvascular flow imaging (MVFI) to conventional Color-Doppler (CDI) and Power-Doppler (PDI) imaging in the detection of vascularity of Focal Breast Lesions (FBLs). A total of 180 solid FBLs (size: 3.5–45.2 mm) detected in 180 women (age: 21–87 years) were evaluated by means of CDI, PDI, and MVFI. Two blinded reviewers categorized lesion vascularity in absent or present, and vascularity pattern as (a) internal; (b) vessels in rim; (c) combined. The presence of a “penetrating vessel” was assessed separately. Differences in vascularization patterns (chi2 test) and intra- and inter-observer agreement (Fleiss method) were calculated. ROC analysis was performed to assess performance…

AdultBreast Neoplasms01 natural sciencesSensitivity and Specificity030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingDiagnosis Differential03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakePower dopplerYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineVascularity0103 physical sciencesmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingBreastUltrasonography Doppler Color010301 acousticsAgedAged 80 and overRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryUltrasonography DopplerMiddle AgedROC CurvesymbolsFemalebreast Doppler imaging microvessels ultrasonographymedicine.symptomUltrasonographyNuclear medicinebusinessDoppler effectMicrovascular flowUltrasonic imaging
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Role of APOBEC3H in the Viral Control of HIV Elite Controller Patients

2017

Background APOBEC3H (A3H) gene presents variation at 2 positions (rs139297 and rs79323350) leading to a non-functional protein. So far, there is no information on the role played by A3H in spontaneous control of HIV. The aim of this study was to evaluate the A3H polymorphisms distribution in a well-characterized group of Elite Controller (EC) subjects. Methods We analyzed the genotype distribution of two different SNPs (rs139297 and rs79323350) of A3H in 30 EC patients and compared with 11 non-controller (NC) HIV patients. Genotyping was performed by PCR, cloning and Sanger sequencing. Both polymorphisms were analyzed jointly in order to adequately attribute the active or inactive status of…

AdultCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesMalers139297HIV InfectionsSingle-nucleotide polymorphismBiologyVirus ReplicationPolymorphism Single NucleotideAPOBEC3H polymorphisms03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineGene FrequencyAminohydrolasesGenotypeHumansAlleleGenotypingGeneSanger sequencingCloningelite controllers.HaplotypeHIVGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedCross-Sectional StudiesHaplotypesImmunologyrs79323350symbolsFemaleResearch Paper030215 immunologyInternational Journal of Medical Sciences
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Isocortical Pathology in Type C Niemann-Pick Disease

1983

A case of Niemann-Pick disease was examined with Golgi preparations and a transparent Golgi impregnation counterstained for intraneuronal pigment deposits. There was a specific type of storage of unmetabolized substrate restricted to certain nerve cell types. The most conspicuous changes in the isocortex were: 1) dilated axonal segments in layer IIIab pyramidal cells filled with storage material; the volume of these axonal expansions often exceeded that of the soma; 2) distension of layer IIIc, layer V, and layer VIa pyramidal cell perikarya with storage material; 3) new formation, elongation, and vertical orientation of basal dendrites in layer V pyramidal cells; 4) well-preserved pyramida…

AdultCell typePathologymedicine.medical_specialtyBiologyDistensionPathology and Forensic MedicineLipofuscinCellular and Molecular Neurosciencesymbols.namesakemedicineHumansCerebral CortexNiemann-Pick DiseasesStaining and LabelingDendritesGeneral MedicineGolgi apparatusmedicine.diseaseAxonsmedicine.anatomical_structureNeurologyHepatic stellate cellsymbolsFemaleNeurology (clinical)Pyramidal cellNiemann–Pick diseaseLayer (electronics)Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology
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