Search results for "Names"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Charge dynamics in molecular junctions: nonequilibrium Green's function approach made fast

2014

Real-time Green's function simulations of molecular junctions (open quantum systems) are typically performed by solving the Kadanoff-Baym equations (KBE). The KBE, however, impose a serious limitation on the maximum propagation time due to the large memory storage needed. In this work we propose a simplified Green's function approach based on the Generalized Kadanoff-Baym Ansatz (GKBA) to overcome the KBE limitation on time, significantly speed up the calculations, and yet stay close to the KBE results. This is achieved through a twofold advance: first we show how to make the GKBA work in open systems and then construct a suitable quasi-particle propagator that includes correlation effects …

Propagation timeWork (thermodynamics)SpeedupCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physicsta114Computer sciencePropagatorFOS: Physical sciencesNanotechnologyFunction (mathematics)Condensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica della Materiasymbols.namesakeGreen's functionMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)symbolsStatistical physicsQuantumAnsatz
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An analytical model of heat transfer and fluid dynamic performances of an unconventional NTR engine for manned interplanetary missions

2009

Abstract An analytical model of fluid flow and heat transfer of a Nuclear Thermal Rocket (NTR) engine concept is presented. The engine is based on the direct conversion of the kinetic energy of the fission fragments (FFs) into the propellant enthalpy. The FFs can escape from an extremely thin layer of fissionable material: a sufficiently large surface coated with few micrometers of Americium 242m, confined by a neutron moderator–reflector, may become a critical reactor. Three dimensional coupled CFD-Monte Carlo simulations have already been presented in Di Piazza and Mulas (2006) . In this paper, an analytical integral 1-D model of fluid dynamics and heat transfer is built in order to fores…

PropellantPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsThermal efficiencyNuclear thermal rocketMechanical EngineeringPéclet numberMechanicssymbols.namesakenon conventional nuclear systemNuclear Energy and Engineeringheat transferHeat transfersymbolsFluid dynamicsGeneral Materials ScienceNeutronSpecific impulseStatistical physicsSafety Risk Reliability and QualityWaste Management and DisposalSettore ING-IND/19 - Impianti NucleariNuclear Engineering and Design
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SrTiO 3 -based perovskites: Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic activity in gas–solid regime under simulated solar irradiation

2015

Strontium titanate-based perovskites have been prepared in the presence of Y and Co with the aim to substitute Sr and Ti, respectively, in the ST crystalline structure. The obtained samples have been characterized by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FE-SEM, XPS and tested as photocatalysts in two gas-solid regime reactions: (i) 2-propanol complete mineralization and (ii) propene partial oxidation, using a system simulating solar irradiation. All the tested samples resulted active as photocatalysts but with significant differences. The lattice substitution of Sr by Y displays a beneficial effect on the 2-propanol photodegradation. Conversely, the partial presence of cobalt on the ST surface, as Co-o…

Propene partial oxidationInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementPerovskiteCatalysis2-PropanolPropenechemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyPartial oxidationPhotocatalysisPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhotodegradationSettore CHIM/02 - Chimica Fisicaintegumentary systemPerovskite Strontium titanate Photocatalysis Propene partial oxidation 2-PropanolSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryPhotocatalysisStrontium titanatesymbolsStrontium titanateSettore CHIM/07 - Fondamenti Chimici Delle Tecnologie2-Propanol; Perovskite; Photocatalysis; Propene partial oxidation; Strontium titanate; Catalysis; Physical and Theoretical ChemistryRaman spectroscopyCobaltJournal of Catalysis
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A Conclusive Analysis of the Finite-Time Behavior of the Discretized Pursuit Learning Automaton

2019

Author's accepted version (post-print). © 20XX IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. Available from 20/03/2021. This paper deals with the finite-time analysis (FTA) of learning automata (LA), which is a topic for which very little work has been reported in the literature. This is as opposed to the asymptotic steady-state analysis for which there are, probabl…

Property (philosophy)Learning automataDiscretizationMarkov chainComputer Networks and CommunicationsComputer scienceMarkov processMonotonic function02 engineering and technologyVDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsvitenskap: 420Computer Science ApplicationsAutomatonsymbols.namesakeArtificial Intelligence0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringsymbols020201 artificial intelligence & image processingMathematical economicsSoftwareIEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems
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Quantum Algorithm for Distribution-Free Junta Testing

2019

Inspired by a recent classical distribution-free junta tester by Chen, Liu, Serverdio, Sheng, and Xie (STOC’18), we construct a quantum tester for the same problem with complexity \(O(k/\varepsilon )\), which constitutes a quadratic improvement.

Property testingDiscrete mathematicsDistribution freesymbols.namesakeFourier transformQuadratic equationsymbolsQuantum algorithmConstruct (python library)QuantumMathematics
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The N-glycan processing in HT-29 cells is a function of their state of enterocytic differentiation. Evidence for an atypical traffic associated with …

1991

International audience; When the human colon cancer cells HT-29 undergo enterocytic differentiation, they correctly process their N-glycans, whereas their undifferentiated counterpart are unable to process Man9-8-GlcNAc2 species, the natural substrate of alpha-mannosidase I. As this enzyme is fully active in both HT-29 cell populations, we hypothesize that N-glycoproteins are unable to reach the cis Golgi, the site where alpha-mannosidase I has been localized. We have demonstrated this point by using 1-deoxymannojirimycin, leupeptin, and monensin. In the presence of 1-deoxymannojirimycin, a specific inhibitor of alpha-mannosidase I, differentiated HT-29 cells, as expected, accumulate Man9-8…

Proteases1-DeoxynojirimycinColonLeupeptinsCellular differentiationCellIn Vitro TechniquesBiologyBiochemistry03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundPolysaccharidesalpha-Mannosidase[ CHIM.ORGA ] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryMannosidasesTumor Cells CulturedmedicineHumansMonensinMolecular Biology030304 developmental biologychemistry.chemical_classificationGlucosamine0303 health sciencesMembrane Glycoproteins[CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistryEndoplasmic reticulum030302 biochemistry & molecular biologyLeupeptinBiological TransportCell DifferentiationCell BiologyCompartment (chemistry)Golgi apparatus[CHIM.ORGA] Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistrymedicine.anatomical_structureBiochemistrychemistryColonic NeoplasmssymbolsGlycoproteinProtein Processing Post-Translational
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Missense mutations of dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) implicated in congenital hypothyroidism have impaired trafficking in cells reconstituted with DUOX2 matu…

2007

Abstract Dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2), a reduced NAD phosphate:O2 oxidoreductase flavoprotein, is a component of the thyrocyte H2O2 generator required for hormone synthesis at the apical plasma membrane. We recently identified a specific DUOX2 maturation factor (DUOXA2) that is necessary and sufficient for expression of functional DUOX2 in mammalian cell lines. We have now used a DUOXA2 reconstituted system to provide the first characterization of natural DUOX2 missense variants (Q36H, R376W, D506N) at the molecular level, analyzing their impact on H2O2 generation, trafficking, stability, folding, and DUOXA2 interaction. The Q36H and R376W mutations completely prevent routing of DUOX2 to the cell…

Protein FoldingMutantMutation MissenseBiologyEndoplasmic ReticulumCell membranesymbols.namesakeEndocrinologyMutant proteinPolysaccharidesCalnexinmedicineCongenital HypothyroidismAnimalsHumansMolecular BiologyCells CulturedFlavoproteinsOxidative foldingEndoplasmic reticulumCell MembraneMembrane ProteinsNADPH OxidasesDual oxidase 2General MedicineHydrogen PeroxideGolgi apparatusDual OxidasesRatsProtein Transportmedicine.anatomical_structureMannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-AcetylglucosaminidaseBiochemistrysymbolsOxidation-ReductionMolecular endocrinology (Baltimore, Md.)
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Dithiothreitol Treatment of Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells Reversibly Blocks Export from the Endoplasmic Reticulum but Does Not Affect Vectorial Tar…

1995

Addition of dithiothreitol (DTT) to the culture medium of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells blocks transport of newly synthesized gp80 (clusterin, apolipoprotein J), a soluble marker protein for apical exocytosis in this epithelial cell line. In cells treated with DTT during pulse labeling, gp80 is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum. After removal of the reducing agent, gp80 is posttranslationally oxidized and secreted at the apical surface of MDCK cell monolayers. This demonstrates that when folded and oxidized posttranslationally, gp80 can acquire a conformation that exhibits sorting signals for vectorial targeting. In the continuous presence of DTT, the transepithelial electrical…

Protein FoldingProtein ConformationBiologyEndoplasmic ReticulumKidneySulfur RadioisotopesBiochemistryEpitheliumExocytosisDithiothreitolCell LineMembrane Potentialssymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundDogsMethioninemedicineAnimalsCysteineSalivary Proteins and PeptidesMolecular BiologySecretory pathwayGlycoproteinsTight junctionEndoplasmic reticulumCell MembraneCell BiologyGolgi apparatusEpitheliumCell biologyDithiothreitolClusterinmedicine.anatomical_structureSecretory proteinchemistrysymbolsOxidation-ReductionProtein Processing Post-TranslationalMolecular ChaperonesJournal of Biological Chemistry
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Phylogenetic profiling and cellular analyses of ARL16 reveal roles in traffic of IFT140 and INPP5E

2021

ABSTRACTThe ARF family of regulatory GTPases is ancient, with 16 members predicted to have been present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. Our phylogenetic profiling of paralogs in diverse species identified four family members whose presence correlates with that of a cilium/flagellum: ARL3, ARL6, ARL13, and ARL16. No prior evidence links ARL16 to cilia or other cell functions, despite its presence throughout eukaryotes. Deletion of ARL16 in MEFs results in decreased ciliogenesis yet increased ciliary length. We also found Arl16 KO in MEFs to alter ciliary protein content, including loss of ARL13B, ARL3, INPP5E, and the IFT-A core component IFT140. Instead, both INPP5E and IFT140 accum…

Protein contentsymbols.namesakeCiliumCiliogenesisINPP5EsymbolsPhylogenetic profilingGTPaseGolgi apparatusBiologyFlagellumCell biology
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Investigation of Phosphorylation-Induced Folding of an Intrinsically Disordered Protein by Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics

2021

Apart from being the most common mechanism of regulating protein function and transmitting signals throughout the cell, phosphorylation has an ability to induce disorder-to-order transition in an intrinsically disordered protein. In particular, it was shown that folding of the intrinsically disordered protein, eIF4E-binding protein isoform 2 (4E-BP2), can be induced by multisite phosphorylation. Here, the principles that govern the folding of phosphorylated 4E-BP2 (pT37pT46 4E-BP2(18–62)) are investigated by analyzing canonical and replica exchange molecular dynamics trajectories, generated with the coarse-grained united-residue force field, in terms of local and global motions and the time…

Protein isoformPhysicsProtein functionProtein Folding010304 chemical physicsMolecular Dynamics Simulation01 natural sciencesForce field (chemistry)ArticleComputer Science ApplicationsFolding (chemistry)Standing waveIntrinsically Disordered Proteinssymbols.namesakeMolecular dynamicsChemical physics0103 physical sciencessymbolsPhosphorylationThermodynamicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPhosphorylationNonlinear Schrödinger equation
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