Search results for "Names"

showing 10 items of 6843 documents

Phonon coupling of non-bridging oxygen hole center with the silica environment: Temperature dependence of the 1.9 eV emission spectra

2008

Abstract We report an experimental study on the shape of the 1.9 eV emission associated with non-bridging oxygen hole centers in silica and its temperature dependence, from 4 up to 300 K, under visible and ultraviolet excitation. Our analysis points out that these defects are coupled with their environment by phonons whose contribution can be described by the single mode of mean frequency between 300–400 cm −1 and Huang–Rhys factor of ∼3. On increasing the temperature, the luminescence intensity undergoes a thermal quenching caused by non-radiative processes, its deviation from a pure Arrhenius law can be accounted for by an uniform distribution of activation energy, from 0.002 to 0.05 eV. …

Arrhenius equationPhotoluminescenceLuminescenceChemistryPhononBiophysicsSilicaGeneral ChemistryActivation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsPhonon couplingBiochemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsPoint defectsymbols.namesakeExcited statesymbolsEmission spectrumAtomic physicsLuminescenceExcitation
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The effects of Pr3+ doping on the dielectric and photoluminescence properties of BaTi0.9(Yb0.5Nb0.5)0.1O3 ceramic

2019

Abstract The praseodymium Pr3+ doped BaTi0.9(Yb0.5Nb0.5)0.1O3 (BTYN01) ceramic, under low concentration (0.1%), was prepared by a conventional ceramic fabrication technique and its phase structure, microstructure, dielectric, vibrational and photoluminescence (PL) properties was studied. Both X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman studies confirmed the incorporation of Pr3+ into A-site lattice of BTYN01. The structure of Ba0.9985Pr0.001□0.0005Ti0.9(Yb0.5Nb0.5)0.1O3 (BTYN01-Pr) shows the coexistence of Pm 3 ¯ m -cubic symmetry (∼10%) and P4mm-tetragonal symmetry (∼90%) at room temperature. The dielectric study reveals that the maximum of the dielectric constant of BTYN01-Pr occurred at 283 K. The…

Arrhenius equationPhotoluminescenceMaterials sciencePraseodymiumDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyDielectric010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsMicrostructure01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencessymbols.namesakechemistryvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumsymbolsGeneral Materials ScienceCeramic0210 nano-technologyRaman spectroscopyMaterials Chemistry and Physics
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Irradiation induced Germanium Lone Pair Centers in Ge-doped Sol-gel SiO2: luminescence lifetime and temperature dependence

2010

We studied the temperature dependence of the emission profile and of the lifetime, measured at 4.3 eV, related to the germanium lone pair centers (GLPC) induced by gamma ray at 5 MGy in a Ge-doped silica sample and in an analogous sample irradiated at 10 MGy, in which by a successive thermal treatment up to 415 °C the induced GLPC has been modified (named residual GLPC in the following). The measurements were recorded in the temperature range 10-300 K using an excitation of ∼5.2 eV. The data show that the energy level scheme of the induced and the residual GLPC is very similar to that of the native defects generated during the synthesis, and the intersystem crossing process (ISC) of the ind…

Arrhenius equationPhotoluminescenceSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleBiophysicsAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumGeneral ChemistryAtmospheric temperature rangeCondensed Matter PhysicsBiochemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsGe-doped silica Luminescenza difetti di puntosymbols.namesakeIntersystem crossingNuclear magnetic resonancechemistrysymbolsIrradiationLuminescenceLone pair
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Space-charge relaxation in perovskites.

1994

We report a dielectric anomaly in several perovskites at intermediate frequencies 10\ensuremath{\le}f\ensuremath{\le}${10}^{7}$ Hz in the temperature range 400 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C \ensuremath{\le}T\ensuremath{\le}800 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C. We have found this dielectric maximum in more than 100 samples of various shapes and textures. This anomaly is shown to arise from a Debye dielectric dispersion that slows down following an Arrhenius law. We have established a link between this dielectric relaxation and the conductivity. We propose that it can be achieved through a space-charge model that quantitatively agrees with the experimental results in the lower temp…

Arrhenius equationPhysicsCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencesymbols.namesakeCondensed matter physicssymbolsRelaxation (physics)DielectricAtmospheric temperature rangeAnomaly (physics)ConductivitySpace chargeDebyePhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Data mining, dashboards and statistics: a powerful framework for the chemical design of molecular nanomagnets

2021

Abstract Three decades of intensive research in molecular nanomagnets have brought the magnetic memory in molecules from liquid helium to liquid nitrogen temperature. The enhancement of this operational temperature relies on a wise choice of the magnetic ion and the coordination environment. However, serendipity, oversimplified theories and chemical intuition have played the main role. In order to establish a powerful framework for statistically driven chemical design, we collected chemical and physical data for lanthanide-based nanomagnets to create a catalogue of over 1400 published experiments, developed an interactive dashboard (SIMDAVIS) to visualise the dataset, and applied inferentia…

Arrhenius equationPhysicsMolecular nanomagnetsLiquid heliumDashboard (business)chemistry.chemical_elementNanomagnetlaw.inventionsymbols.namesakechemistrylawsymbolsDysprosiumMoleculeStatistical physicsChemical design
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Memory effects and coverage dependence of surface diffusion in a model adsorption system

1999

We study the coverage dependence of surface diffusion coefficients for a strongly interacting adsorption system O/W(110) via Monte Carlo simulations of a lattice-gas model. In particular, we consider the nature and emergence of memory effects as contained in the corresponding correlation factors in tracer and collective diffusion. We show that memory effects can be very pronounced deep inside the ordered phases and in regions close to first and second order phase transition boundaries. Particular attention is paid to the details of the time dependence of memory effects. The memory effect in tracer diffusion is found to decay following a power law after an initial transient period. This beha…

Arrhenius equationPhysicsSurface diffusionPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsPhysicsMonte Carlo method02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesPower lawMonte Carlo simulationslattice-gas modelsymbols.namesakeExponential growth0103 physical sciencessymbolssurface diffusion coefficientsDiffusion (business)Exponential decay010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyadsorption systemsPhysical Review B
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Fragmentation of polycarbonate macroinitiators in solution and in the bulk state

1990

The diphenylethane initiator 3,4-diethyl-3,4-(p-methoxyphenyl)-hexane (T–OCH3) was synthesized. By cocondensation of bisphenol A or C and the bisphenol derivative (“T”) of T–OCH3 with phosgene, polycarbonate macroinitiators PC(TxA1-x) and PC(TxC1-x) with different compositions x were made. The thermal fragmentation of T–OCH3 and the copolycarbonates was investigated with and without a radical scavenger both in solution and in the bulk state. The primary dissociation of T–OCH3 is a monomolecular Arrhenius process with a characteristic temperature of T* (τ = 1h) = 140°C (τ: average life time of the intact molecule). When the radicals are not intercepted, the dissociation is excessively revert…

Arrhenius equationPolymers and PlasticsChemistryRadicalActivation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsDissociation (chemistry)symbols.namesakeFragmentation (mass spectrometry)visual_artPolymer chemistryMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumsymbolsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPolycarbonateRadical disproportionationGlass transitionJournal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics
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Numerical Studies of the Diffusion Processes and First Step Oxidation in Nickel-Oxygen Systems by Variable Charge Molecular Dynamics

2010

Variable charge molecular dynamic simulations have been performed to study the diffusion mechanisms of oxygen atoms (O) in nickel (Ni) in the temperature range 950-1600 K and the very first steps of oxidation of monocrystalline nickel surfaces at 300 K and 950 K. The oxygen diffusivity can be well described by an Arrhenius law over the temperature range considered. The oxygen diffusion coefficient has been analysed and values of Ea = 1.99 eV for the activation energy and D0 = 39 cm2.s-1 for the pre-exponential factor were obtained. The first steps growth of the oxide layer show that after the dissociative chemisorption of the oxygen molecules on nickel surface, the oxidation leads to an isl…

Arrhenius equationRadiationDiffusionOxideThermodynamicschemistry.chemical_elementActivation energyAtmospheric temperature rangeIsland growthCondensed Matter PhysicsOxygensymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compoundNickelchemistrysymbolsPhysical chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceDefect and Diffusion Forum
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A theoreticalab initiostudy on the H2NO + O3reaction

2003

The deviation of the NH2 pseudo-first-order decay Arrhenius plots of the NH2 + O3 reaction at high ozone pressures measured by experimentalists, has been attributed to the regeneration of NH2 radicals due to the subsequent reactions of the products of this reaction with ozone. Although these products have not yet been characterized experimentally, the radical H2NO has been postulated, because it can regenerate NH2 radicals through the reactions: H2NO + O3 NH2 + O2 and H2NO + O3 HNO + OH + O2. With the purpose of providing a reasonable explanation from a theoretical point of view to the kinetic observed behaviour of the NH2 + O3 system, we have carried ab initio electronic structure calculat…

Arrhenius equationReaction mechanismChemistryRadicalAb initioGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureKinetic energyComputational Mathematicssymbols.namesakeAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryAtmospheric chemistrysymbolsJournal of Computational Chemistry
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Quasi-elastic Neutron Scattering Investigation of the Hydrogen Surface Self-Diffusion on Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell Catalyst Support

2008

International audience; Quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS) measurements have been performed to investigate the surface selfdiffusion of hydrogen molecules. A monolayer of molecular hydrogen was adsorbed on a carbon material commonly used in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, called XC-72. QENS spectra were recorded at the time-of-flight spectrometer IN5 at Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble at 40, 50, 60, and 70 K. By using the Chudley & Elliott model for jump diffusion, we found the diffusion coefficient at each temperature. The logarithm of the diffusion coefficient was plotted versus the inverse of the temperature to give the coefficient in the Arrhenius equation. From t…

Arrhenius equationSelf-diffusionHydrogenChemistryDiffusionJump diffusionAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectrolyteNeutron scattering7. Clean energySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic Materials[CHIM.THEO]Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbols.namesake[CHIM.THEO] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistryGeneral EnergyMonolayer[ CHIM.THEO ] Chemical Sciences/Theoretical and/or physical chemistrysymbolsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry
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