Search results for "Nanoparticles"

Self-Consistent Charge Density-Functional Tight-Binding Parametrization for Pt–Ru Alloys

2017

We present a self-consistent charge density-functional tight-binding (SCC-DFTB) parametrization for PtRu alloys, which is developed by employing a training set of alloy cluster energies and forces obtained from Kohn-Sham density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. Extensive simulations of a testing set of PtRu alloy nanoclusters show that this SCC-DFTB scheme is capable of capturing cluster formation energies with high accuracy relative to DFT calculations. The new SCC-DFTB parametrization is employed within a genetic algorithm to search for global minima of PtRu clusters in the range of 13-81 atoms and the emergence of Ru-core/Pt-shell structures at intermediate alloy compositions, consi…

A Self-Consistent Charge Density-Functional Tight-Binding Parameterization for Pt-Ru Alloys

2017

We present a self-consistent charge density-functional tight-binding (SCC-DFTB) parametrization for PtRu alloys, which is developed by employing a training set of alloy cluster energies and forces obtained from Kohn–Sham density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. Extensive simulations of a testing set of PtRu alloy nanoclusters show that this SCC-DFTB scheme is capable of capturing cluster formation energies with high accuracy relative to DFT calculations. The new SCC-DFTB parametrization is employed within a genetic algorithm to search for global minima of PtRu clusters in the range of 13–81 atoms and the emergence of Ru-core/Pt-shell structures at intermediate alloy compositions, consi…

DEGRADATION STUDIES OF NOVEL POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLES BASED ON AMPHIPHILIC POLYLACTIC ACID-POLYASPARTAMIDE DERIVATIVES

2014

Realization of polyaspartamide-based nanoparticles and in vivo lung biodistribution evaluation of a loaded gucocorticoid after aerosolization in mice

2016

Abstract In this study, novel polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were developed and their potential as carriers for beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) into the lung after aerosolization was demonstrated by in vivo studies in mice. In particular, these NPs were obtained starting from two polyaspartamide-based copolymers which were synthesized by chemical reaction of α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)- dl -aspartamide (PHEA) and its pegylated derivative (PHEA-PEG2000) with poly(lactic acid) (PLA). To obtain nanosized particles, the high pressure homogenization (HPH)—solvent evaporation method was followed by using an organic phase containing both PHEA-PLA and PHEA-PEG2000-PLA (at a weight ratio equal to 1:…

Protein recovery as a resource from waste specifically via membrane technology : from waste to wonder

2021

Economic growth and the rapid increase in the world population has led to a greater need for natural resources, which in turn, has put pressure on said resources along with the environment. Water, food, and energy, among other resources, pose a huge challenge. Numerous essential resources, including organic substances and valuable nutrients, can be found in wastewater, and these could be recovered with efficient technologies. Protein recovery from waste streams can provide an alternative resource that could be utilized as animal feed. Membrane separation, adsorption, and microbe-assisted protein recovery have been proposed as technologies that could be used for the aforementioned protein re…

Modification of PVDF nanoparticles by controlled free radical graft copolymerization in supercritical carbon dioxide

2014

PVDF (polyvinylidenefluoride) membranes are widely used in microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF) due to their excellent processability, chemical resistance, well-controlled porosity, and good thermal properties [1]. Moreover this polymer is also frequently adopted in bio-medical devices owing to its good biocompatibility [2]. On the other hand, the use of PVDF membranes in biomedical applications is limited to some extent by the hydrophobicity of their exposed area, which mainly arises from the nature of the pore surface. Prompted by these considerations in the present work we have studied the modification of PVDF nanoparticles with hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) thus obtaining a m…

Rayleigh-instability-driven dewetting of thin Au and Ag films on indium-tin-oxide surface under nanosecond laser irradiations

2013

Investigations have been carried out on laser-beam-induced nanoparticle (NP) formation in thin (5 nm) Au and Ag films on indium-tin-oxide substrate. After the irradiation the films were observed to break-up into NPs through a dewetting mechanism. This mechanism was investigated as a Rayleigh-instability- driven process. In fact, for each used laser fluence, the resulting Au and Ag NPs' mean size and surface-to-surface mean distance were quantified and correlated between them in the framework of the Rayleigh-instability theory showing an excellent agreement. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2013.

IAEA Contribution to Nanosized Targeted Radiopharmaceuticals for Drug Delivery.

2022

The rapidly growing interest in the application of nanoscience in the future design of radiopharmaceuticals and the development of nanosized radiopharmaceuticals in the late 2000′s, resulted in the creation of a Coordinated Research Project (CRP) by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 2014. This CRP entitled ‘Nanosized delivery systems for radiopharmaceuticals’ involved a team of expert scientist from various member states. This team of scientists worked on a number of cutting-edge areas of nanoscience with a focus on developing well-defined, highly effective and site-specific delivery systems of radiopharmaceuticals. Specifically, focus areas of various teams of scientists com…

Radiolabeling of Nanoparticles and Polymers for PET Imaging

2014

Nanomedicine has become an emerging field in imaging and therapy of malignancies. Nanodimensional drug delivery systems have already been used in the clinic, as carriers for sensitive chemotherapeutics or highly toxic substances. In addition, those nanodimensional structures are further able to carry and deliver radionuclides. In the development process, non-invasive imaging by means of positron emission tomography (PET) represents an ideal tool for investigations of pharmacological profiles and to find the optimal nanodimensional architecture of the aimed-at drug delivery system. Furthermore, in a personalized therapy approach, molecular imaging modalities are essential for patient screeni…

Measurement of Low Concentration of Nanosized Objects Suspended in a Liquid Medium

2018

The new optical scheme of refractometer with temperature stabilisation 10-2 °C is developed, which allows measuring a refractive index of the sample with accuracy not worse than 10-5; dependence of refraction index on concentration of SiO2 nanoparticles in liquid suspension is obtained within the framework of the research.