Search results for "Natural resource"

Socio-technical innovation in community-based tourism organizations: A proposal for local development

2021

Abstract Socio-technical innovation is based on new patterns of interaction involving a set of new behaviors that have been legitimized in a given context. The approach of socio-technical innovation complements a purely technological innovation focus. However, studies of how to address social and environmental challenges under this approach are scarce. The aim of this paper is to identify the technical and social structures that underpin the socio-technical innovation system of community-based tourism organizations (CBTOs). This paper offers an in-depth case study of a specific type of collective property known as an “ejido”. Through this case study, the paper highlights the aspects that ha…

The Unintended Side Effects of Bioplastics: Carbon, Land, and Water Footprints

2020

(One Earth 3, 45–53, July 24, 2020) In the originally published version of this article, the authors inadvertently used global volumes of bioplastics in plastic packaging instead of European volumes for Figure 1C. After noticing this, the authors recalculated European bioplastic packaging consumption, and as such, Figure 1 and its legend have been corrected in the online article (as shown below) to reflect all data sources used for estimating European bioplastic volumes in Figure 1C. In the Experimental Procedures, the Data and Code Availability section has been updated, and the section “Estimation of European Bioplastic Volumes” has been added. Additionally, reference 69 is new, and two in…

Aspects of phosphorus transfer from soils in Europe

2008

Imbalanced nutrient management has caused soil phosphorus (P) to become an environmental rather an agronomic problem in more economically developed countries. This subject has been the topic of numerous journal special issues, conferences, and reviews but we consider yet another review of this subject is necessary with the main target of providing a point of view on non-point transfer from soils and control strategies for an improved environmental management of P. This review considers the causes of the excessive P transfer from soil to surface water in Europe and the scientific knowledge necessary to develop control strategies. There has been an increasing trend towards the P-research inte…

Integrating soil survey, land use management and political ecology: A case study in a border area between Peru and Ecuador

2013

In Latin America countries, competition for access to natural resources among different groups has been a major reason for the outburst of violence over the last decades. One of the main aims of the political ecology concerns the understanding of the environmental conditions that can underlies the social conflict among people. Such understanding needs to be based on a detailed investigation of the natural resources of the landscape, mainly the soils. Few years ago the Italian Ministry for Foreign Affairs financed a soil survey with a humanitarian purpose: the development of a peace plan between Peru and Ecuador by improving the socio-economic conditions of the rural populations living in th…

Coffee biowaste valorization within circular economy: an evaluation method of spent coffee grounds potentials for mortar production

2021

Abstract Purpose Spent coffee grounds (SCG) are biowastes extensively generated within the coffee supply chain. Nowadays, their disposal represents an increasing environmental concern due to its toxicity and organic nature. With the estimated increase of coffee production and consumption in the upcoming years, there is an imperative need to find a proper reverse option, along with a novel industrial application, which allows for the valorization of this coffee by-product within a circular economy perspective. This study aims at investigating a potential reuse of spent coffee grounds to produce novel construction materials to be used for sustainable buildings. Methods After having illustrate…

Discussion : Language in nature resource economies

2019

Effect of a fish stock's demographic structure on offspring survival and sensitivity to climate

2017

Commercial fishing generally removes large and old individuals from fish stocks, reducing mean age and age diversity among spawners. It is feared that these demographic changes lead to lower and more variable recruitment to the stocks. A key proposed pathway is that juvenation and reduced size distribution causes reduced ranges in spawning period, spawning location, and egg buoyancy; this is proposed to lead to reduced spatial distribution of fish eggs and larvae, more homogeneous ambient environmental conditions within each year-class, and reduced buffering against negative environmental influences. However, few, if any, studies have confirmed a causal link from spawning stock demographic …

Reproductive conflict delays the recovery of an endangered social species

2008

1. Evolutionary theory predicts that individuals, in order to increase their relative fitness, can evolve behaviours that are detrimental for the group or population. This mismatch is particularly visible in social organisms. Despite its potential to affect the population dynamics of social animals, this principle has not yet been applied to real-life conservation. 2. Social group structure has been argued to stabilize population dynamics due to the buffering effects of nonreproducing subordinates. However, competition for breeding positions in such species can also interfere with the reproduction of breeding pairs. 3. Seychelles magpie robins, Copsychus sechellarum, live in social groups w…

Pesticides and conservation of large ungulates: Health risk to European bison from plant protection products as a result of crop depredation.

2020

The coexistence of large mammals and humans in the contemporary landscape is a big challenge for conservationists. Wild ungulates that forage on arable fields are exposed to the negative effects of pesticides, and this problem also applies to protected species for which intoxication by pesticides may pose a health risk and directly affect the effectiveness of conservation efforts. In this paper we assessed the threat posed by pesticides to the European bison Bison bonasus, a species successfully restituted after being extinct in the wild. We studied samples of B. bonasus liver from three free-living populations in Poland (Białowieska, Knyszyńska, and Borecka forests) and captive individuals…

Genome-wide analysis in endangered populations: a case study in Barbaresca sheep

2017

Analysis of genomic data is becoming increasingly common in the livestock industry and the findings have been an invaluable resource for effective management of breeding programs in small and endangered populations. In this paper, with the goal of highlighting the potential of genomic analysis for small and endangered populations, genome-wide levels of linkage disequilibrium, measured as the squared correlation coefficient of allele frequencies at a pair of loci, effective population size, runs of homozygosity (ROH) and genetic diversity parameters, were estimated in Barbaresca sheep using Illumina OvineSNP50K array data. Moreover, the breed's genetic structure and its relationship with oth…