Search results for "Neck"

Human papillomavirus infection and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: current debates

2008

Meta-Analysis of Mitochondrial DNA Reveals Several Population Bottlenecks during Worldwide Migrations of Cattle

2014

Several studies have investigated the differentiation of mitochondrial DNA in Eurasian, African and American cattle as well as archaeological bovine material. A global survey of these studies shows that haplogroup distributions are more stable in time than in space. All major migrations of cattle have shifted the haplogroup distributions considerably with a reduction of the number of haplogroups and/or an expansion of haplotypes that are rare or absent in the ancestral populations. The most extreme case is the almost exclusive colonization of Africa by the T1 haplogroup, which is rare in Southwest Asian cattle. In contrast, ancient samples invariably show continuity with present-day cattle …

CBCT in the detection of odontoma

2012

OBJECTIVES: Odontoma is the most common among odontogenic tumors, representing 22- 23.9% of them. Impaction, aplasia, malformation, malpositioning, and devitalization of adjacent teeth are associated with 50-70% of odontomas. Two types of odontoma are distinguished, compound and complex. The typical features of compound odontoma are separate, rudimentary, closely positioned toothlike structures . When such buds form an amorphous and irregular conglomerate of dental tissue without a clear division, they are classified as complex odontoma. Both types are recognized more frequently in the permanent dentition, typically in the second or third decade of life. The anterior maxilla and the posteri…

Multi-scale analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) predicts cervical nodal status in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

2013

The study assess multi-scale diffusion parameters (median volumetric nodal region of interest values, inter-voxel histogram distributions, and intra-voxel diffusion heterogeneity as assessed by the stretched exponential model) as classifiers of nodal status in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Low b value (0, 50, 100) derived nodal ADC (perfusion sensitive) was the key parameter facilitating discrimination of metastatic from benign nodes in patients with head and neck SCC. The stretched exponential derived α value together with histogram features of ADC provide an accurate decision tree model for classification of nodal disease.

Maximum likelihood ADC parameter estimates improve selection of metastatic cervical nodes for patients with head and neck squamous cell cancer

2012

The aim of this work was to determine whether classification of benign and metastatic cervical nodes based on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) could be improved by use of a maximum likelihood algorithm for derivation of ADC parameters. A non linear least squares (LSQ) algorithm is usually used to fit parameters to the measured MR signal intensities as a function of b-value. LSQ assumes that the noise in high b-values is normally distributed whereas in reality it follows a Rice distribution. To account for the Rician noise, maximum likelihood (ML) algorithms have been proposed that provide unbiased ADC estimates. In this work the monoexponential, stretched exponential and biexponential model…

Radiomics Analyses of Schwannomas in the Head and Neck: A Preliminary Analysis

2022

The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the differences in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)-based radiomics analysis between cerebellopontine angle neurinomas and schwannomas originating from other locations in the neck spaces. Twenty-six patients with available MRI exams and head and neck schwannomas were included. Lesions were manually segmented on the precontrast and postcontrast T1 sequences. The radiomics features were extracted by using PyRadiomics software, and a total of 120 radiomics features were obtained from each segmented tumor volume. An operator-independent hybrid descriptive‐inferential method was adopted for the selection and reduction of the features, while d…

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Larynx: Case report.

2007

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMT) of the larynx are uncommon lesions that easily may be misinterpreted as malignant epithelial or mesenchymal spindle cell neoplasms. When located in the upper airway, IMTs tend to be less aggressive, but have the potential for local invasion and recurrence. The authors describe a rare case of IMT in a 47 year old man, occurring in the vocal fold who underwent surgical treatment five times, because of its higher recurrence rate

Human papillomavirus-associated cancers: a survey on otorhinolaryngologists' knowledge and attitudes on prevention.

2016

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a recognised causal factor associated with oropharyngeal cancers. The global burden of HPVrelated oropharyngeal cancers is on the increase and is predicted to surpass the burden of cervical cancer in the near future. As evidence is accumulating on the potential effectiveness of an HPV vaccine in controlling the oropharyngeal cancer epidemic; otorhinolaryngologists assume a key role - not only in the diagnosis and treatment of HPV-related cancers - but also in educating and advocating on HPV prevention. We conducted a survey to assess Italian otorhinolaryngologists' knowledge and attitudes regarding HPV infection, HPV-related oropharyngeal diseases and…

Swallowing Outcomes in Open Partial Horizontal Laryngectomy Type I and Endoscopic Supraglottic Laryngectomy: A Comparative Study

2022

Background: Effective swallowing represents the main challenge in supraglottic laryngectomy. This study aimed to assess swallowing outcome comparing endoscopic supraglottic laryngectomy (ESL) and open partial horizontal laryngectomy type I (OPHL I). Methods: A retrospective study was carried out on 20 patients that underwent supraglottic laryngectomy from 2015 to 2021: 10 underwent ESL (group A) and 10 underwent OPHL I (Group B). Patients underwent fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) 3 months and 12 months after surgery and videofluoroscopy swallowing studies (VFSS) 12 months after surgery. A Swallowing Outcome After Laryngectomy (SOAL) questionnaire was administered to pa…

Numerical evaluation of iterated integrals related to elliptic Feynman integrals

2021

We report on an implementation within GiNaC to evaluate iterated integrals related to elliptic Feynman integrals numerically to arbitrary precision within the region of convergence of the series expansion of the integrand. The implementation includes iterated integrals of modular forms as well as iterated integrals involving the Kronecker coefficient functions $g^{(k)}(z,\tau)$. For the Kronecker coefficient functions iterated integrals in $d\tau$ and $dz$ are implemented. This includes elliptic multiple polylogarithms.