Search results for "Neoplasms"

showing 10 items of 7988 documents

Denosumab for bone health in prostate and breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy? A systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized t…

2019

Highlights • Hormonal receptors positive breast tumor and prostate cancer are managed with endocrine therapies. • Endocrine therapies designed for breast and prostate cancer are often associated to serious adverse skeletal related events, such fractures. • Denosumab is a monoclonal anti-body binding RANKL which acts as inhibitor of osteoclasts activity, thus increasing bone mass. • Denosumab was showed to strongly prevent hormonal therapies-related skeletal issues. • Denosumab administration results safe in bone mass increase and reduction of fractures risk.

0301 basic medicineOncologyRCTs randomized clinical trialrandomized clinical trialslcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal systemSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaOsteoporosisBMD bone mass densityReview Articleandrogen deprivation therapyADTlaw.inventionAndrogen deprivation therapyProstate cancerhazard ratio0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawHRMedicineBreastSAEsCancerProstateRANKLCIMD mean differencelcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRCTs randomized clinical trialsDenosumabOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSAEs serious adverse eventsDenosumabmean differencemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:RC254-28203 medical and health sciencesBreast cancerRANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligandBMDInternal medicineAdverse effectADT androgen deprivation therapyRCTsbusiness.industryMDmedicine.diseaseHR hazard ratioHormonereceptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligandDiscontinuationCI confidence interval030104 developmental biologyFractureconfidence intervalADT androgen deprivation therapy; BMD bone mass density; Breast; CI confidence interval; Cancer; Denosumab; Fracture; HR hazard ratio; Hormone; MD mean difference; Prostate; RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand; RCTs randomized clinical trials; SAEs serious adverse eventsserious adverse eventsbone mass densitylcsh:RC925-935businessJournal of Bone Oncology
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Efficacy and safety of Everolimus and Exemestane in hormone-receptor positive (HR+) human-epidermal-growth-factor negative (HER2−) advanced breast ca…

2017

Abstract Background The BOLERO-2 trial reported efficacy and safety of Everolimus (EVE) and Exemestane (EXE) combination in HR+ advanced breast cancer (ABC) patients. The BALLET trial further evaluated the safety of EVE-EXE in HR+ ABC patients, without reporting efficacy data. Aim of the EVA real-life study was to collect data of efficacy and safety of EVE-EXE combination in the clinical setting, as well as exploring efficacy according to EVE Dose-Intensity (DI) and to previous treatment with Fulvestrant. Patients and methods This study aimed to describe the outcome of ABC pts treated with EVE-EXE combination in terms of median duration of EVE treatment and ORR in a real-life setting. Resul…

0301 basic medicineOncologyReceptor ErbB-2chemistry.chemical_compoundErbB-20302 clinical medicineDose-intensityExemestane80 and overNeoplasm MetastasisFulvestrantAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyAdvanced breast cancer Dose-intensity Everolimus Fulvestrant Hormone-receptor positiveAdvanced breast cancer; Dose-intensity; Everolimus; Fulvestrant; Hormone-receptor positive; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Androstadienes; Breast Neoplasms; Everolimus; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Receptor ErbB-2; SurgeryGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedEverolimu030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAdvanced breast cancerFemaleAdvanced breast cancer; Dose-intensity; Everolimus; Fulvestrant; Hormone-receptor positive; SurgeryReceptormedicine.drugAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationSocio-culturaleBreast NeoplasmsHormone-receptor positive03 medical and health sciencesBreast cancerAdvanced breast cancer; Dose-intensity; Everolimus; Fulvestrant; Hormone-receptor positive; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Androstadienes; Breast Neoplasms; Everolimus; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Receptor ErbB-2Internal medicinemedicineHumansEverolimusAdverse effecteducationAgedNeoplasm StagingGynecologyEverolimusFulvestrantbusiness.industryfungiCancermedicine.diseaseAndrostadienesClinical trial030104 developmental biologychemistrySurgerybusinessFollow-Up StudiesThe Breast
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Baseline plasma levels of soluble PD-1, PD-L1, and BTN3A1 predict response to nivolumab treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a…

2020

Despite a proportion of renal cancer patients can experiment marked and durable responses to immune-checkpoint inhibitors, the treatment efficacy is widely variable and identifying the patient who will benefit from immunotherapy remains an issue. We performed a prospective study to investigate if soluble forms of the immune-checkpoints PD-1 (sPD-1), PD-L1 (sPD-L1), pan-BTN3As, BTN3A1, and BTN2A1, could be candidate to predict the response to immune-checkpoint blockade therapy. We evaluated the plasma levels in a learning cohort of metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma (mccRCC) patients treated with the anti-PD-1 agent nivolumab by ad hoc developed ELISA’s. Using specific cut-offs determined…

0301 basic medicineOncologySettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaProgrammed Cell Death 1 ReceptorB7-H1 Antigen0302 clinical medicineRenal cell carcinomaPD-1Immunology and AllergyProspective Studiespredictive biomarkerRC254-282ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSOriginal ResearchbiologyNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensfood and beveragesBTN3A1PrognosisTreatment efficacyKidney Neoplasms3. Good healthNivolumabOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisBiomarker (medicine)[SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunologysoluble immune-checkpointsNivolumabResearch ArticlePD-L1medicine.medical_specialtyrenal cell carcinomabutyrophilinImmunology03 medical and health sciencesAntigens CDInternal medicinePD-L1mental disordersmedicineHumansIn patientCarcinoma Renal Cellbutyrophilinsbusiness.industryCancercirculating immune checkpointsPlasma levelsRC581-607medicine.diseasecirculating immune checkpoint030104 developmental biologyBTN2A1immunotherapy responsebiology.proteinImmunologic diseases. Allergybusiness
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Worldwide comparison of ovarian cancer survival: Histological group and stage at diagnosis (CONCORD-2)

2016

Abstract Objective Ovarian cancer comprises several histological groups with widely differing levels of survival. We aimed to explore international variation in survival for each group to help interpret international differences in survival from all ovarian cancers combined. We also examined differences in stage-specific survival. Methods The CONCORD programme is the largest population-based study of global trends in cancer survival, including data from 60 countries for 695,932 women (aged 15–99years) diagnosed with ovarian cancer during 1995–2009. We defined six histological groups: type I epithelial, type II epithelial, germ cell, sex cord-stromal, other specific non-epithelial and non-sp…

0301 basic medicineOncologySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E Applicata0302 clinical medicinemorphology80 and overStage (cooking)Aged 80 and overOvarian Neoplasmseducation.field_of_studyepidemiology; histology; morphology; ovarian cancer; stage; survival; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Ovarian Neoplasms; Oncology; Obstetrics and GynecologyObstetrics and Gynecologyepidemiology; histology; morphology; ovarian cancer; stage; survivalMiddle AgedTransitional cell carcinomaovarian cancerOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisClear cell carcinomaepidemiologyFemaleHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentPopulationSocio-culturalesurvivalArticlehistology03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineHumansovarian cancer epidemiology survival stage morphology histologyeducationepidemiology ; histology ; morphology ; ovarian cancer ; stage ; survivalCancer stagingAgedNeoplasm StagingGynecologybusiness.industryOvarian NeoplasmCancermedicine.diseasestageCancer registry030104 developmental biologyOvarian cancerbusiness
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Prognostic Role of Blood Eosinophil Count in Patients with Sorafenib-Treated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

2020

Background: Inflammation is a long-established hallmark of liver fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Eosinophils are emerging as crucial components of the inflammatory process influencing cancer development. The role of blood eosinophils in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma receiving systemic treatment is an unexplored field. Objective: The objective of this study was to analyse the prognostic role of the baseline eosinophil count in patients with sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients and Methods: A training cohort of 92 patients with advanced- or intermediate-stage sorafenib-treated hepatocellular carcinoma and two validation cohorts of 65 and 180 patients were analysed. Overa…

0301 basic medicineOncologySorafenibAdultMaleCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtyMultivariate analysisCarcinoma HepatocellularInflammationAdult; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Carcinoma Hepatocellular; Eosinophils; Female; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Prognosis; Sorafenib; Survival Analysis; Young AdultCapecitabine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundYoung Adult0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineRegorafenib80 and overmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)AgedAged 80 and overSettore MED/12 - Gastroenterologiabusiness.industryCarcinomaLiver NeoplasmsHepatocellularhepatocellular carcinomaEosinophilMiddle AgedSorafenibmedicine.diseasePrognosisSurvival AnalysisConfidence intervalEosinophils030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureOncologychemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaFemalemedicine.symptombusinessmedicine.drugTargeted oncology
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Resminostat plus sorafenib as second-line therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma - The SHELTER study

2016

Background & Aims No established therapies for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and progression on first-line sorafenib treatment currently exist. This phase I/II trial investigated safety, pharmacokinetics and potential biomarkers of the histone deacetylase inhibitor resminostat and a combination therapy with resminostat and sorafenib. Methods Patients with HCC and radiologically confirmed progression on sorafenib were treated in an exploratory, multi-center, open-label, uncontrolled, non-randomized, parallel group phase I/II study. In the combination group (n=38) four dose levels ranged from daily 200 to 600mg resminostat plus 400 to 800mg sorafenib. The monotherapy group (n=1…

0301 basic medicineOncologySorafenibmedicine.medical_specialtyCombination therapymedicine.drug_classMedizinCancer epigeneticPharmacology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineCancer epigeneticsResminostatInternal medicineClinical endpointmedicineCarcinomaneoplasmsEpigenetic treatmentFirst-in-man studyHistone deacetylase inhibitorHepatologybusiness.industryHistone deacetylase inhibitormedicine.diseasedigestive system diseases030104 developmental biologyZinc finger protein 64chemistryCancer epigenetics; Drug resistance; Epigenetic treatment; Histone deacetylase inhibitor; Zinc finger protein 64030220 oncology & carcinogenesisHepatocellular carcinomaDrug resistancebusinessmedicine.drug
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Changes in the Expression Profile of VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2 in Different Grades of Endometrial Cancer

2019

Background: VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 are important proteins involved in the induction and development of a new blood vessel network through which the tumor is properly nourished and oxygenated. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 expression in endometrial cancer depending on its grade and to determine the VEGFR-1 to VEGFR-2 concentration ratio. Methods: The study group consisted of 45 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer (G1, 17; G2, 15; G3, 13). The control group included 15 patients. VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-R1, VEGFR-2 expression was assessed using the immunohistochemical method. Statistical analysis was carried out…

0301 basic medicineOncologyTumor angiogenesisVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Amedicine.medical_specialtyVascular Endothelial Growth Factor BVEGF-A/BAngiogenesisPharmaceutical ScienceArticle03 medical and health sciencesangiogenesis0302 clinical medicineInternal medicineMedicineHumansAdenomyosisRNA MessengerVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1integumentary systemNeovascularization Pathologicbusiness.industryEndometrial cancerCancerVEGFR-1/2tumor angiogenesismedicine.diseasePrognosisImmunohistochemistryVascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2Endometrial Neoplasms030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureadenomyosis030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCase-Control Studiesembryonic structuresendometrial cancercardiovascular systemImmunohistochemistryFemaleAnalysis of varianceNeoplasm GradingbusinessBiotechnologyBlood vesselCurrent Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
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Current molecular and clinical insights into uveal melanoma (Review)

2021

Uveal melanoma (UM) represents the most prominent primary eye cancer in adults. With an incidence of approximately 5 cases per million individuals annually in the United States, UM could be considered a relatively rare cancer. The 90.95% of UM cases arise from the choroid. Diagnosis is based mainly on a clinical examination and ancillary tests, with ocular ultrasonography being of greatest value. Differential diagnosis can prove challenging in the case of indeterminate choroidal lesions and, sometimes, monitoring for documented growth may be the proper approach. Fine needle aspiration biopsy tends to be performed with a prognostic purpose, often in combination with radiotherapy. Gene expres…

0301 basic medicineOncologyUveal NeoplasmsCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtydiagnosisEnucleationBiology03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInternal medicinemedicineHumansNeoplasm MetastasisGrading (tumors)MelanomaBiomarkers; Diagnosis; Epigenetics; Prognosis; Staging; Treatment; Uveal melanomamedicine.diagnostic_testtreatmentepigeneticsMelanomaGene Expression ProfilingCancerbiomarkersArticlesstagingmedicine.diseasePrognosisPrimary tumor030104 developmental biologyFine-needle aspirationOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMutationDifferential diagnosisuveal melanomaGNAQ
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Discontinuation of braf/mek-directed targeted therapy after complete remission of metastatic melanoma : a retrospective multicenter adoreg study

2021

The advent of BRAF/MEK inhibitors (BRAFi/MEKi) has significantly improved progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with advanced BRAF-V600-mutant melanoma. Long-term survivors have been identified particularly among patients with a complete response (CR) to BRAF/MEK-directed targeted therapy (TT). However, it remains unclear which patients who achieved a CR maintain a durable response and whether treatment cessation might be a safe option in these patients. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of treatment cessation on the clinical course of patients with a CR upon BRAF/MEK-directed-TT. We retrospectively selected patients with BRAF-V600-mutant advanced non-res…

0301 basic medicineOncologyadvanced melanomaCancer Researchmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentMedizin610ArticleTargeted therapycomplete response03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinedisease progressionInternal medicineMedicineddc:610second-line immunotherapyneoplasmsComplete responseRC254-282business.industryMelanomaNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensmedicine.diseasetargeted therapyDiscontinuation030104 developmental biologyOncologyTumor progression030220 oncology & carcinogenesisToxicityCohortSkin cancerbusinessdiscontinuation
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Suppressive role exerted by microRNA-29b-1-5p in triple negative breast cancer through SPIN1 regulation

2017

MiR-29 family dysregulation occurs in various cancers including breast cancers. We investigated miR-29b-1 functional role in human triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) the most aggressive breast cancer subtype. We found that miR-29b-1-5p was downregulated in human TNBC tissues and cell lines. To assess whether miR- 29b-1-5p correlated with TNBC regenerative potential, we evaluated cancer stem cell enrichment in our TNBC cell lines, and found that only MDA-MB-231 and BT-20 produced primary, secondary and tertiary mammospheres, which were progressively enriched in OCT4, NANOG and SOX2 stemness genes. MiR-29b-1-5p expression inversely correlated with mammosphere stemness potential, and miR-29b…

0301 basic medicineOncologycancer stem cellsCarcinogenesisCell Cycle ProteinsTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsMicroRNA 29b0302 clinical medicineCell MovementSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaCancer stem cells; MiR-29b-1; SPIN1; Triple-negative breast cancer; Wnt/β-catenin and Akt signaling pathwaysMedicineBreastBreast -- CancerTriple-negative breast cancerWnt signaling pathwayMicroRNANanog Homeobox ProteinGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticOncologyWnt/β-catenin and Akt signaling pathway030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMiR-29b-1Wnt/β-catenin and Akt signaling pathwaysNeoplastic Stem Cellstriple-negative breast cancerFemaleMicrotubule-Associated ProteinsSignal TransductionResearch Papermedicine.medical_specialtycancer stem cellPaclitaxelDown-Regulation03 medical and health sciencesBreast cancerSOX2Cancer stem cellInternal medicineCell Line TumormicroRNAHumansNeoplasm InvasivenessCell ProliferationSPIN1business.industrySOXB1 Transcription Factorsmedicine.diseasePhosphoproteinsMolecular medicineAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicMicroRNAs030104 developmental biologyDrug Resistance NeoplasmbusinessOctamer Transcription Factor-3
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