Search results for "Neoplastic transformation"
showing 10 items of 20 documents
Transformation of primary human hepatocytes in hepatocellular carcinoma
2015
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. Currently, there is limited knowledge of neoplastic transformation of hepatocytes in HCC. In clinical practice, the high rate of HCC local recurrence suggests the presence of different hepatocyte populations within the liver and particularly in the tumor proximity. The present study investigated primary human hepatocyte cultures obtained from liver specimens of patients affected by cirrhosis and HCC, their proliferation and transformation. Liver samples were obtained from seven HCC cirrhotic patients and from three patients with normal liver (NL). Immediately after surgery, cell outgrowth and primary cultures were obtai…
Morphometric and cytophotometric nuclear analysis of altered hepatocyte foci induced by N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in liver of…
1987
The progressive morphological changes in the liver during neoplastic transformation have been studied by histological, cytophotometric and morphometric methods in male Wistar rats treated with two carcinogens: N-nitrosomorpholine (NNM) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). Cytophotometric and morphometric analysis of hepatocyte nuclei using Feulgen-stained tissue sections were performed in morphologically normal hepatic parenchyma and in early preneoplastic foci composed of altered hepatocytes. Foci of clear cells, mixed cells and large basophilic cells possessed a ploidy distribution similar to the surrounding non-transformed parenchyma, while the small hyperbasophilic cell foci were predominantly dipl…
Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts: a Spanish tertiary care centre study based on HPV DNA detection
2018
Abstract Background The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts (OOCs) has rarely been studied. The objective is to describe the clinicopathological findings in a series of OOCs from a Spanish population that were investigated in relation to the possible presence of HPV. Methods A clinicopathological retrospective analysis followed by a molecular analysis of 28 high- and low-risk HPV genotypes was performed in OOC samples of patients seen during the last 15-years in a Spanish tertiary care center. Results Of 115 odontogenic cysts with keratinization, 16 cases of OOCs were confirmed and evaluated. OOCs occurred predominantly in the mandible of males (mean age…
Comparison of enzyme phenotypes in human bladder tumours and experimentally induced hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions of the rat urinary bladder. A…
1988
The expression of a number of enzymes involved in drug metabolism, membrane function etc. was compared in hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions of the rat bladder and in human bladder tumours. Transitional cell carcinomas (TCC) in both rat and Man were characterized by decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and increased gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), beta-glucuronidase (beta-G1), succinate dehydrogenase (SD) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities. In addition, binding for antibodies specific for different cytochrome P-450 species (UT50, PB3a, MC1, MC2) and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEHb) was elevated in both murine and human tumours. Comparison of the enzyme phenotyp…
Early diagnosis, clinical management, and follow-up of cardiovascular events with ponatinib
2020
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic transformation of pluripotent cells due to a typical cytogenetic and molecular mutation known as Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome. In 2001, the introduction of the tyrosine kinasis inhibitor (TKI) imatinib as a therapeutic strategy for CML with PH chromosome mutation represented an important step towards treatment of these patients, and nowadays, this drug represents the gold therapeutic standard in this clinical setting. A second generation of TKIs (dasatinib, nilotinib, and bosutinib) showed an effective action in all patients with mutations resistant to imatinib. Ponatinib is a third-generation TKI an…
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs): Focus on histopathological diagnosis and biomolecular features
2007
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract that are believed to originate from a neoplastic transformation of the intestinal pacemaker cells (interstitial cells of Cajal) normally found in the bowel wall or their precursors. Although the microscopic features have been known for a long time, the defining characteristic of GIST is the presence of the cell-surface antigen CD117 (KIT), which is demonstrated by immunohistochemistry. KIT, which is a growth factor transmembrane receptor, is the product of the proto-oncogene c-kit (chromosome 4). Surgical removal remains the only curative treatment for patients with GISTs. Tumor size, mitotic index,…
Concomitant Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Gallbladder and Breast Cancer
2014
The neuroendocrine carcinoma is defined as a high-grade malignant neuroendocrine neoplasm arising from enterochromaffin cells, usually disposed in the mucosa of gastric and respiratory tracts. The localization in the gallbladder is rare. Knowledge of these gallbladder tumors is limited and based on isolated case reports. We describe a case of an incidental finding of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the gallbladder, observed after cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis, in a 55-year-old female, who already underwent quadrantectomy and sentinel lymph-node biopsy for breast cancer. The patient underwent radiotherapy for breast cancer and six cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposi…
Is chlamydial heat shock protein 60 a risk factor for oncogenesis?
2004
Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) plays an important role in the protein folding of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Most of the papers published on chlamydial HSP60 concern its role in immune response during infection. In the last decade, exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis has been consistently associated with the development of cervical and ovarian cancer. Moreover, it has been suggested that chlamydial HSP60 may have an anti- apoptotic effect during persistent infection. We hypothesize that the accumulation of exogenous chlamydial HSP60 in the cytoplasm of actively replicating eukaryotic cells may interfere with the regulation of the apoptotic pathway. The concomitant expression of viral onc…
Expression of tenascin in human cervical cancer--association of tenascin expression with clinicopathological parameters.
1999
Tenascin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein, relevant for embryonal and fetal development, which is reexpressed in the stroma of benign and malignant tumors. Little is known about the molecular interaction of tenascin during neoplastic transformation and tumor progression in cervical cancer.We studied the expression of tenascin in normal tissue of the cervix uteri, cervical carcinoma in situ, and invasive cervical carcinoma in paraffin sections by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody. Tenascin immunoreactivity was compared with various prognostic parameters.In normal cervical tissue (n = 5) and in cervical carcinoma in situ (n = 10) only vessel walls showed a weak tenascin …
The Ferroxidase Hephaestin in Lung Cancer: Pathological Significance and Prognostic Value
2021
AbstractIron is a fundamental nutrient utilized by living cells to support several key cellular processes. Despite its paramount role to sustain cell survival, excess of labile iron availability can inflict severe cell damage via reactive oxygen species generation which, in turn, can promote neoplastic transformation. The lung is particularly sensitive to iron-induced oxidative stress, given the high oxygen tensions herein present. Moreover, cigarette smoke as well as air pollution particulate can function as vehicles of iron supply, leading to an iron dysregulation condition shown to be crucial in the pathogenesis of several respiratory diseases including lung cancer. Hephaestin (HEPH) bel…