Search results for "Neoplastic"
showing 10 items of 2901 documents
Long-term outcome of older patients with newly diagnosed de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with ATRA plus anthracycline-based therapy
2018
Treatment outcome in older patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is lower compared with younger patients, mainly because of a higher induction death rate and postremission non-relapse mortality (NRM). This prompted us to design a risk-and age-adapted protocol (Programa Espanol de Tratamientos en Hematologia (PETHEMA)/HOVON LPA2005), with dose reduction of consolidation chemotherapy. Patients aged >= 60 years reported to the PETHEMA registry and were treated with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) plus anthracycline-based regimens according to three consecutive PETHEMA trials that were included. We compared the long-term outcomes of the LPA2005 trial with the preceding PETHEMA tria…
Interspecies differences in cancer susceptibility and toxicity.
1999
One of the most complex challenges to the toxicologist represents extrapolation from laboratory animals to humans. In this article, we review interspecies differences in metabolism and toxicity of heterocyclic amines, aflatoxin B1, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and related compounds, endocrine disrupters, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, tamoxifen, and digitoxin. As far as possible, extrapolations to human toxicity and carcinogenicity are performed. Humans may be more susceptible to the carcinogenic effect of heterocyclic amines than monkeys, rats, and mice. Especially, individuals with high CYP1A2 and 3A4 activities and the rapid acetylator phenotype may be expected to have …
Transcription intermediary factor 1γ is a tumor suppressor in mouse and human chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
2011
Transcription intermediary factor 1γ (TIF1γ) was suggested to play a role in erythropoiesis. However, how TIF1γ regulates the development of different blood cell lineages and whether TIF1γ is involved in human hematological malignancies remain to be determined. Here we have shown that TIF1γ was a tumor suppressor in mouse and human chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). Loss of Tif1g in mouse HSCs favored the expansion of the granulo-monocytic progenitor compartment. Furthermore, Tif1g deletion induced the age-dependent appearance of a cell-autonomous myeloproliferative disorder in mice that recapitulated essential characteristics of human CMML. TIF1γ was almost undetectable in leukemic ce…
5-Fluorouracil plus interferon α-2a compared to 5-fluorouracil alone in the treatment of advanced colon carcinoma: A multicentric randomized study
1998
Biochemical modulation is one of the most interesting fields in cancer chemotherapy. Interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) is a cytokine that is able to influence the pharmacodynamics of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) through a number of mechanisms. With the aim of confirming some data emerging from the literature, we initiated a multicentric randomized study comparing the combination of 5FU and IFNalpha-2a with 5FU alone in the treatment of advanced or metastatic colon cancer. A group of 205 colon cancer patients (104 in the 5FU arm and 101 in the 5FU + IFNapha-2a arm) were included in the final intention-to-treat analysis. Rectal cancers were not considered eligible. All patients had measurable disease, were…
Depletion of tumour glutathione in vivo by buthionine sulphoximine: modulation by the rate of cellular proliferation and inhibition of cancer growth.
1993
We have investigated in Ehrlich-ascites-tumour-bearing mice the effect of buthionine sulphoximine (BSO), a selective inhibitor of GSH synthesis, on the rate of GSH depletion of tumour versus normal tissues and its relation to tumour cell proliferation. In normal tissues, GSH and GSSG remain unchanged or close to normal values during tumour growth, even at the last stage of growth when the animal is close to death. After administration of a single dose of BSO (4 mmol/kg), the rates of GSH depletion and recovery in the tumour and in several normal tissues are very different. BSO depletes GSH in cancer cells to a level of 0.3-0.4 mumol/g. The fall in GSH levels is faster when tumour cells do n…
Gemcitabine in intravesical treatment of Ta-T1 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: Phase I-II study on marker lesions
2004
Abstract Objectives To study the ablative activity of intravesical gemcitabine against superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder at different doses and concentrations. Methods A total of 27 patients were treated with intravesical gemcitabine after transurethral resection during which one to three papillary marker lesions were left unresected. Starting 14 days after transurethral resection, six instillations of gemcitabine were given at weekly intervals. Gemcitabine, diluted in 50 mL of saline solution and maintained for 2 hours, was given at the dose of 500 mg, 1000 mg, and 2000 mg in groups of 9 patients each. A complete response (CR) was defined as negative cytology, cystosco…
TNF-alpha gene promoter polymorphisms and risk of venous thromboembolism in gastrointestinal cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy
2013
Abstract Background TNF-α has been proposed as a predictive factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Genetic polymorphisms could regulate TNF-α production. However, the relationship between TNFA gene variants and VTE is not clarified. This study aims to investigate the predictive role of five different TNFA gene promoter SNPs, or their haplotype combination(s), for a first VTE episode in gastrointestinal cancer out-patients treated with chemotherapy. Patients and methods Serum TNF-α levels and TNFA -863C/A, -857C/T, -376G/A, -308G/A and -238G/A gene promoter polymorphisms were retrospectively evaluated in 314 subjects, including 157 controls and 157 Caucasian patients with histologically di…
Evaluation of thermoresponsive properties and biocompatibility of polybenzofulvene aggregates for leuprolide delivery
2012
Abstract In this study, a polybenzofulvene derivative named poly-6-MOEG-9-BF3k, was evaluated as polymeric material for the production of injectable thermoresponsive nano-aggregates able to load low molecular weight peptidic drug, like the anticancer leuprolide. Thermoresponsive behavior of poly-6-MOEG-9-BF3k was studied in aqueous media by evaluating scattering intensity variations by means of DLS in function of temperature. Zeta potential measurements and SEM observations were also carried out. Moreover, critical aggregation temperature of the poly-6-MOEG-9-BF3k polymer was evaluated by pyrene fluorescence analysis. Then, the ability of prepared thermoresponsive aggregates to protect this…
Fluorinated and pegylated polyaspartamide derivatives to increase solubility and efficacy of Flutamide
2012
New fluorinated amphiphilic copolymers based on a biocompatible polyaspartamide have been prepared in order to obtain polymeric micelles useful for delivering anticancer drugs. In particular, α,β-poly(N-2-hydroxyethyl)-d,l-aspartamide (PHEA) has been derivatized with polyethylene glycol (PEG(2000)) and ethylendiamine (EDA). Both these portions form the hydrophilic part of the copolymer, while the hydrophobic moiety is given by 1,2,4-oxadiazoles: 5-pentafluorophenyl-3-perfluoroheptyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (PPOX) or 3-carboxyethyl-5-pentadecafluoroheptyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole (CPOX). Copolymers named PHEA-PEG(2000)-EDA-PPOX and PHEA-PEG(2000)-EDA-CPOX have been prepared with various degrees of derivati…