Search results for "Nephrology"
showing 10 items of 673 documents
Progression of coronary artery calcification and cardiac events in patients with chronic renal disease not receiving dialysis
2011
We tested for the presence of coronary calcifications in patients with chronic renal disease not on dialysis and studied its progression in 181 consecutive non-dialyzed patients who were followed for a median of 745 days. Coronary calcifications (calcium score) were tallied in Agatston units by computed tomography, and the patients were stratified into two groups by their baseline calcium score (100 U or less and over 100 U). Survival was measured by baseline calcium score and its progression. Cardiac death and myocardial infarction occurred in 29 patients and were significantly more frequent in those patients with calcium scores over 100 U (hazard ratio of 4.11). With a calcium score of 10…
Oxidative stress and inflammation in long-term renal transplanted hypertensives.
2006
INTRODUCTION Several studies have shown that chronic renal failure (CRF) is characterized by "accelerated atherosclerosis". More recent studies emphasize that inflammation and oxidative stress play a central role in atherosclerosis, and it is well-established that C-reactive protein (CRP) is a cardiovascular risk marker in the general population, in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients and in allograft recipients. METHODS We measured the serum concentration of high sensitivity CRP, TNFalpha, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha, an in vivo oxidative stress marker) in 15 CRF patients and in 15 transplant recipients. Exclusion criteria were age 65 years, smoking, diabetes mellitus …
Short-Term Functional and Oncologic Outcomes of Nephron-Sparing Surgery for Renal Tumours ≥7cm
2011
Abstract Background Nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for renal tumours preserves renal function and has become the standard approach for small renal tumours. Little is known about perioperative and oncologic outcomes of patients following NSS in renal tumours ≥7cm in the presence of a healthy contralateral kidney. Objective To analyse oncologic outcomes and perioperative morbidity in patients treated by NSS for renal tumours ≥7cm. Design, setting, and participants In total, 5767 patients were treated for renal tumours at two institutions from 1984 to 2009. In 91 patients, elective NSS was performed for renal tumours ≥7cm. Measurements Complication rates were assessed in detail and stratified u…
Desmopressin in the Treatment of Nocturia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
2007
Objectives: To investigate efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of sleep of desmopressin in the treatment of nocturia. Methods: Adults aged >= 18 yr with nocturia (>= 2 voids/night) received desmopressin tablets (0.1, 0.2, or 0.4 mg) during a 3-wk dose-titration period. Patients should show sufficient response during the dose-titration period (>= 20% reduction in nocturnal diuresis) and a return of nocturnal diuresis to >= 80% of baseline levels during washout. Eligible patients then entered a 3-wk double-blind treatment period and received either desmopressin or placebo. Results: 127 patients were randomised to either desmopressin (n = 61) or placebo (n = 66). Twenty (33%) desmopressin-…
Bilateral synchronous sporadic renal cell carcinoma: surgical management, oncological and functional outcomes
2007
OBJECTIVE To analyse the functional and oncological outcomes of surgical treatment of bilateral synchronous sporadic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1969 and 2006, 57 patients with bilateral synchronous sporadic RCC were identified from our kidney database. The mean (range) follow-up was 4.8 (0.1–23.8) years; 28 patients (49%) had radical nephrectomy (RN) and contralateral nephron-sparing surgery (NSS), and 22 (39%) had bilateral NSS. The oncological outcome and long-term renal function were analysed. RESULTS After excluding four patients (7%) with bilateral benign renal tumours, six (11%) with metastatic bilateral RCC and three (5%) who had bilateral RN, the cancer…
Association of kidney disease measures with risk of renal function worsening in patients with type 1 diabetes
2018
Background Albuminuria has been classically considered a marker of kidney damage progression in diabetic patients and it is routinely assessed to monitor kidney function. However, the role of a mild GFR reduction on the development of stage ≥3 CKD has been less explored in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic role of kidney disease measures, namely albuminuria and reduced GFR, on the development of stage ≥3 CKD in a large cohort of patients affected by T1DM. Methods A total of 4284 patients affected by T1DM followed-up at 76 diabetes centers participating to the Italian Association of Clinical Diabetologists (Associazione Medici D…
Where is the limit of prostate cancer biomarker research? Systematic investigation of potential prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers
2019
Background The identification of appropriate biomarkers is essential to support important clinical decisions in patients with prostate cancer. The aim of our study was a systematic bioinformatical analysis of the mRNA expression of all genes available for the prostate adenocarcinoma cohort of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), regarding their potential prognostic and diagnostic role. Methods The study cohort comprises 499 patients (TCGA prostate cancer cohort). mRNA expression data were available for approx. 20,000 genes. The bioinformatical statistical pipeline addressed gene expression differences in tumor vs. benign prostate tissue (including gene set enrichment analysis, GSEA) in samples f…
High IL-22RA1 gene expression is associated with poor outcome in muscle invasive bladder cancer
2020
Abstract Background The cell surface interleukin 22 (IL-22) receptor complex is mainly expressed in epithelial and tissue cells like pancreatitis cells. Recent studies described that IL-22R was overexpressed in malignant diseases and was associated with a poor overall survival (OS). The role of IL-22RA1 gene expression in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has not been investigated, yet. Objectives The aim of this study was to analyze the role of IL-22RA1 gene expression in patients with MIBC. Methods In a cohort of 114 patients with MIBC who underwent radical cystectomy, IL-22RA1 gene expression was analyzed with qRT-PCR and correlated with clinical parameters. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier…
PCA3 as a second-line biomarker in a prospective controlled randomized opportunistic prostate cancer screening programme
2017
Objectives: PCA3 performance as a single second line biomarker is compared to the European Randomised Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer risk calculator model 3 (ERSPC RC-3) in an opportunistic screening in prostate cancer (PCa). Material and methods: 5,199 men, aged 40-75y, underwent prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening and digital rectal examination (DRE). Men with a normal DRE and PSA >= 3 ng/ml had a PCA3 test done. All men with PCA3 >= 35 underwent an initial biopsy (IBx) 12 cores. Men with PCA3 = 3 ng/ml and DRE is normal, IBx could be avoided in 12.5% less than if ERSPC RC-3 is used and would reduce the false negative cases by 36.2%. At a FU of 21.7 months, this dual protoco…
Proteinase-3 mRNA expressed by glomerular epithelial cells correlates with crescent formation in Wegener's granulomatosis
2000
Proteinase-3 mRNA expressed by glomerular epithelial cells correlates with crescent formation in Wegener's granulomatosis. Background Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by systemic vasculitis with crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and circulating autoantibodies directed against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA). Proteinase 3 (PR-3), a neutral serine proteinase in neutrophils implicated in the growth control of myeloid cells, has been identified as the target antigen for ANCA in WG. Since the kidneys are frequently involved in WG, we studied the in situ expression of PR-3 by renal parenchymal cells. Methods We assessed the expression of PR-3 in kidney biopsies of 15 patien…