Search results for "Nerve Tissue Protein"
showing 10 items of 345 documents
Immunohistochemical investigation of the brain of aged dogs. I. Detection of neurofibrillary tangles and of 4-hydroxynonenal protein, an oxidative da…
2001
In the aging dog brain lesions develop spontaneously. They share some morphological characteristics with those of Alzheimer 's disease in man. Diffuse and primitive plaques are well known, whereas neuritic plaques rarely develop. Neurofibrillary tangles have not been seen in the canine. The aim of the present investigation was to study major age-related changes of the dog's brain using paraffin sections with respect to cross-immunoreactivity of tau, A beta protein and other immunoreactive components including hydroxynonenal protein, which is a marker for oxidative damage. The occurrence of neurofibrillary tangles and of the protein tau therein was studied in serial brain sections of two dog…
Analysis of the RET, GDNF, EDN3, and EDNRB genes in patients with intestinal neuronal dysplasia and Hirschsprung disease
2001
BACKGROUNDHirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a frequent congenital disorder with an incidence of 1 in 5000 live births, characterised by the absence of parasympathetic intramural ganglion cells in the hindgut resulting in intestinal obstruction in neonates and severe constipation in infants and adults. Intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) shares clinical features with HSCR but the submucosal parasympathetic plexus is affected. IND has been proposed as one of the most frequent causes of chronic constipation and is often associated with HSCR.METHODSWe examined 29 patients diagnosed with sporadic HSCR, 20 patients with IND, and 12 patients with mixed HSCR/IND for mutations in the coding regions of …
Antiamphiphysin-positive stiff-person syndrome associated with small cell lung cancer
2006
The paraneoplastic amphiphysin(+) stiff-person syndrome (SPS) has so far only been described in women with breast adenocarcinoma. Here, we describe the rare case of a female patient with antiamphiphysin(+) SPS due to small cell cancer of the lung.
Norrie gene product is necessary for regression of hyaloid vessels.
2004
To investigate the nature and origin of the vitreous membranes in mice with knock-out of the Norrie gene product (ND mice).Eighty-two eyes of ND mice of different age groups (postnatal day [P]0-13 months) and 95 age-matched wild-type control mice were investigated. In vitreoretinal wholemounts and in sagittal sections, vessels and free cells were visualized by labeling for lectin. In addition, staining with a marker for macrophages (F4/80) and collagen XVIII/endostatin known to be involved in regression of hyaloid vessels was performed for light and electron microscopic investigations. Endostatin expression was confirmed by Western blot analysis.Wild-type controls showed the typical pattern…
Rho-mediated activation of PI(4)P5K and lipid second messengers is necessary for promotion of angiogenesis by Semaphorin 4D
2011
Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase (PI(4)P5K) is a type I lipid kinase that generates the lipid second messenger phospholipid phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) and functions downstream of RhoA in actin organization. It is known to play an essential role in neurite remodeling, yielding a phenotype identical to that seen in cells treated with Semaphorin 4D (Sema4D), a protein that regulates proliferation, adhesion and migration in many different cell types. Plexin-B1, the receptor for Sema4D, activates RhoA in order to generate a pro-angiogenic signal in endothelial cells. Therefore, we looked in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) to determine if Plexin-B1 e…
Phosphorylation of GAP-43 (growth-associated protein of 43 kDa) by conventional, novel and atypical isotypes of the protein kinase C gene family: dif…
1996
GAP-43 (growth-associated protein of 43 kDa; also known as neuromodulin, P-57, B-50 and F-1) is a neuronal calmodulin binding protein and a major protein kinase C (PKC) substrate in mammalian brain. Here we describe the phosphorylation by and the site specificity of different PKC isotypes. The conventional PKC beta 1 and the novel PKCs delta and epsilon effectively phosphorylated recombinant GAP-43 in vitro; atypical PKC zeta did not. The K(m) values (between 0.6 and 2.3 microM) were very low, demonstrating a high-affinity interaction between kinase and substrate. All PKC isotypes were shown to phosphorylate serine-41 in GAP-43. When using a 19-amino-acid oligopeptide based on the GAP-43 ph…
Na+ -dependent neutral amino acid transporters A, ASC, and N of the blood-brain barrier: mechanisms for neutral amino acid removal.
2004
Four Na+-dependent transporters of neutral amino acids (NAA) are known to exist in the abluminal membranes (brain side) of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This article describes the kinetic characteristics of systems A, ASC, and N that, together with the recently described Na+-dependent system for large NAA (Na+-LNAA), provide a basis for understanding the functional organization of the BBB. The data demonstrate that system A is voltage dependent (3 positive charges accompany each molecule of substrate). Systems ASC and N are not voltage dependent. Each NAA is a putative substrate for at least one system, and several NAA are transported by as many as three. System A transports Pro, Ala, His,…
What is the function of neuroglobin?
2009
SUMMARY For a long time, haemoglobin and myoglobin had been assumed to represent the only globin types of vertebrates. In 2000, however, we discovered a third globin type by mining the genome sequence data. Based on a preferential expression in the nervous system, this globin is referred to as neuroglobin. Despite nine years of research, its function is still uncertain and a number of hypotheses have been put forward. Neuroglobin enhances cell viability under hypoxia and under various types of oxidative stress in transgenic systems, but does not appear to be strongly upregulated in response to stress. A close phylogenetic relationship with invertebrate nerve globins and its positive correla…
Homeobox genes and sea urchin development.
2000
We describe the expression of three Paracentrotus lividus homeobox-containing genes of the dispersed class during sea urchin embryogenesis and discuss their possible roles in the mechanisms of cell specification and embryo morphogenesis. PIHbox12 represents the first regulator identified in sea urchin that belongs to the zygotic class of transcription factors. Its early and transient expression and the localization of transcripts suggests that PIHbox12 is involved in cell fate specification of the oral or aboral ectodermal territories at the early cleavage stages. PIHbox9 is expressed just after the completion of gastrulation in a narrow stripe of cells at the ectoderm-endoderm boundary. It…
Oligodendrocytes in mouse corpus callosum are coupled via gap junction channels formed by connexin47 and connexin32.
2010
According to previously published ultrastructural studies, oligodendrocytes in white matter exhibit gap junctions with astrocytes, but not among each other, while in vitro oligodendrocytes form functional gap junctions. We have studied functional coupling among oligodendrocytes in acute slices of postnatal mouse corpus callosum. By whole-cell patch clamp we dialyzed oligodendrocytes with biocytin, a gap junction-permeable tracer. On average 61 cells were positive for biocytin detected by labeling with streptavidin-Cy3. About 77% of the coupled cells stained positively for the oligodendrocyte marker protein CNPase, 9% for the astrocyte marker GFAP and 14% were negative for both CNPase and GF…