Search results for "Neumonia"
showing 10 items of 657 documents
Ongoing spread of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in different wards of an acute general hospital, Italy, June to December 2011.
2012
We describe polyclonal spread of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in an acute general hospital in Italy. Between June and December 2011, 58 colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were recovered from 28 patients admitted to different wards, but mainly in the intensive care units. All isolates were tested for drug susceptibility and the presence of beta-lactamase (bla) genes. Clonality was investigated by repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-PCR and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Fifty-two isolates had minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for colistin of 6-128 mg/L, carried blaKPC3 and were attributed to sequence type ST258. The remaining six isolates were susceptible to…
Alternative Methods of Sterilization in Dental Practices Against COVID-19
2020
SARS-CoV-2, and several other microorganisms, may be present in nasopharyngeal and salivary secretions in patients treated in dental practices, so an appropriate clinical behavior is required in order to avoid the dangerous spread of infections. COVID-19 could also be spread when patients touches a contaminated surface with infected droplets and then touch their nose, mouth, or eyes. It is time to consider a dental practice quite similar to a hospital surgery room, where particular attention should be addressed to problems related to the spreading of infections due to air and surface contamination. The effectiveness of conventional cleaning and disinfection procedures may be limited by seve…
Antimicrobial Lessons From a Large Observational Cohort on Intra-abdominal Infections in Intensive Care Units
2021
Severe intra-abdominal infection commonly requires intensive care. Mortality is high and is mainly determined by disease-specific characteristics, i.e. setting of infection onset, anatomical barrier disruption, and severity of disease expression. Recent observations revealed that antimicrobial resistance appears equally common in community-acquired and late-onset hospital-acquired infection. This challenges basic principles in anti-infective therapy guidelines, including the paradigm that pathogens involved in community-acquired infection are covered by standard empiric antimicrobial regimens, and second, the concept of nosocomial acquisition as the main driver for resistance involvement. I…
Paplašināta spektra beta laktamāžu noteikšana enterobacteriaceae dzimtas baktērijās
2020
Enterobacteriaceae dzimta ir plaši pārstāvēta mikroorganismu dzimta, kuru veido medicīniski nozīmīgas gramnegatīvas nūjiņas. Šīs dzimtas pārstāvji izraisa infekciju saslimšanas gan vispārējā populācijā, gan medicīnas iestādēs (nozokomiālas infekcijas), skarot kā veselus cilvēkus, tā cilvēkus jau ar esošu saslimšanu. Tās pārstāvji- E.coli un K.pneumoniae, ir vieni no biežākajamiem smagu nozokomiālu infekciju izraisītājiem pasaulē. Arvien pieaug Enterobacteriaceae rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem, tai skaitā pret paplašināta spektra beta laktāmu antibiotikām. Tas būtiski palielina hospitalizācijas ilgumu, finansiālo slogu kā pacientiem, tā valstij un dēļ tā pieaug pacientu mirstī…
Klebsiella ģints baktēriju rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem
2017
K.pneumoniae ir viena no biežākajām nozokomiālo infekciju izraisītājām visā pasaulē. Visbiežāk tā ierosina infekcijas intensīvās terapijas pacientiem, pacientiem pēc apdegumiem, transplantācijām un jaundzimušajiem. K.pneumoniae ir cilvēka normālās mikrofloras sastāvā, tā bieži ierosina infekcijas pacientiem ar imūnsupresiju. Arvien pieaug arī K.pneumoniae rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem, kas būtiski palielina hospitalizācijas laiku un finansiālos izdevumus, kā arī pacientu mirstību visā pasaulē. Diplomdarba tēma ir: Klebsiella ģints baktēriju rezistence pret antibakteriālajiem līdzekļiem. Darba mērķis ir izdalīt, identificēt un noteikt Klebsiella pneumoniae rezistenci pret ant…
Mechanism of the Citrate Transporters in Carbohydrate and Citrate Cometabolism in Lactococcus and Leuconostoc Species
1998
ABSTRACT Citrate metabolism in the lactic acid bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides generates an electrochemical proton gradient across the membrane by a secondary mechanism (C. Marty-Teysset, C. Posthuma, J. S. Lolkema, P. Schmitt, C. Divies, and W. N. Konings, J. Bacteriol. 178:2178–2185, 1996). Reports on the energetics of citrate metabolism in the related organism Lactococcus lactis are contradictory, and this study was performed to clarify this issue. Cloning of the membrane potential-generating citrate transporter (CitP) of Leuconostoc mesenteroides revealed an amino acid sequence that is almost identical to the known sequence of the CitP of Lactococcus lactis . The cloned gene was exp…
An ethical algorithm for rationing life sustaining treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic
2020
The burning ethical question raised by the COVID-19 pandemic is how to deal fairly and ethically with a large number of patients simultaneously becoming critically unwell. Across the world, in both developed and developing countries, health systems are grappling with the possibility or the reality that the demand for intensive medical care will outstrip availability. There is a need for ethical guidelines on how to allocate treatment, but such guidelines are potentially highly controversial.1 In this commentary, we set out a simple algorithm (Figure 1), including what we take to be the essential ethical principles that ought to guide resource allocation in any country or setting as well as …
Comprehensive Overview on Multiple Strategies Fighting COVID-19
2020
Lately, myriad of novel viruses have emerged causing epidemics such as SARS, MERS, and SARS-CoV-2, leading to high mortality rates worldwide. Thus, these viruses represented a challenging threat to mankind, especially considering the miniscule data available at our disposal regarding these novel viruses. The entire world established coordinative relations in research projects regarding drug and vaccine development on the external range, whereas on the internal range, all countries declared it an emergency case through imposing different restrictions related to their border control, large gatherings, school attendance, and most social activities. Pandemic combating plans prioritized all sect…
Dental Public Health Landscape: Challenges, Technological Innovation and Opportunities in the 21st Century and COVID-19 Pandemic
2020
The convergent forces of rising costs, growing consumerism, expensive new treatments, sociodemographic shifts and increasing health disparities are exerting intense and unsustainable pressures on healthcare systems. As with the other health domains, these disruptive forces demand new approaches and delivery models for oral healthcare. Technological innovations and practices borrowed from the e-commerce and tech sectors could facilitate the move to a sustainable 21(st) century oral healthcare system, one that delivers high-quality, value-based care to wider groups of patients. The broad reach of mobile technologies and changing digital lifestyles provide unique opportunities for using remote…
The protein tyrosine kinase Tec regulates a CD44highCD62L- Th17 subset.
2010
Abstract The generation of Th17 cells has to be tightly controlled during an immune response. In this study, we report an increase in a CD44highCD62L− Th17 subset in mice deficient for the protein tyrosine kinase Tec. CD44highCD62L− Tec−/− CD4+ T cells produced enhanced IL-17 upon activation, showed increased expression levels of IL-23R and RORγt, and IL-23–mediated expansion of Tec−/− CD4+ T cells led to an increased production of IL-17. Tec−/− mice immunized with heat-killed Streptococcus pneumoniae displayed increased IL-17 expression levels in the lung postinfection with S. pneumoniae, and this correlated with enhanced pneumococcal clearance and reduced lung inflammation compared with T…