Search results for "Neural"
showing 10 items of 2783 documents
Analysis of Game Creativity Development by Means of Continuously Learning Neural Networks
2006
Experts in ball games are characterized by extraordinary creative behavior. This article outlines a framework of analyzing creative performance based on neural networks. The aim of this study is to compare the potential of different kinds of training programs with the learning of game creativity in real field contexts. The training groups (soccer group, n=20; field hockey group, n=17) showed significant improvement in comparison to the control group (n=18) with respect to the three measuring points, although no difference could be established between the groups. As regards the development of performance, five types of learning behavior can be distinguished, the most striking ones being what…
Soccer analyses by means of artificial neural networks, automatic pass recognition and Voronoi-cells: An approach of measuring tactical success.
2015
Success in a soccer match is usually measured by goals. However, in order to yield goals, successful tactical pre-processing is necessary. If analyzing a match with the focus on “success”, promising tactical activities including vertical passes with control win in the opponent’s penalty area have to be the focus. Whether or not a pass is able to crack the opponent’s defence depends on the tactical formations of both the opponent’s defence and the own offence group.
Towards a model-based cognitive neuroscience of stopping - a neuroimaging perspective.
2018
Our understanding of the neural correlates of response inhibition has greatly advanced over the last decade. Nevertheless the specific function of regions within this stopping network remains controversial. The traditional neuroimaging approach cannot capture many processes affecting stopping performance. Despite the shortcomings of the traditional neuroimaging approach and a great progress in mathematical and computational models of stopping, model-based cognitive neuroscience approaches in human neuroimaging studies are largely lacking. To foster model-based approaches to ultimately gain a deeper understanding of the neural signature of stopping, we outline the most prominent models of re…
Methods for studying unconscious learning
2005
One has to face numerous difficulties when trying to establish a dissociation between conscious and unconscious knowledge. In this paper, we review several of these problems as well as the different methodological solutions that have been proposed to address them. We suggest that each of the different methodological solutions offered refers to a different operational definition of consciousness, and present empirical examples of sequence learning studies in which these different procedures were applied to differentiate between implicit and explicit knowledge acquisition. We also show how the use of a sensitive behavioral method, the process dissociation procedure, confers a distinctive adva…
A Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Examination of the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Shifting in Dimensional Change Card Sort Task
2020
This study aims to examine the neural correlates of cognitive shifting during the Dimensional Change Card Sort Task (DCCS) task with functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Altogether 49 children completed the DCCS tasks, and 25 children (Mage = 68.66, SD = 5.3) passing all items were classified into the Switch group. Twenty children (Mage = 62.05, SD = 8.13) committing more than one perseverative errors were grouped into the Perseverate group. The Switch group had Brodmann Area (BA) 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 6, 9, 10, 40, and 44 in the post-switch period. In contrast, the Perseverate group had BA 9 and 10 activated in the pre-switch period and BA 8, 9, 10 in the pos…
A nonlinear electronic circuit mimicking the neuronal activity in presence of noise
2013
We propose a nonlinear electronic circuit simulating the neuronal activity in a noisy environment. This electronic circuit is ruled by the set of Bonhaeffer-Van der Pol equations and is excited with a white gaussian noise, that is without external deterministic stimuli. Under these conditions, our circuits reveals the Coherence Resonance signature, that is an optimum of regularity in the system response for a given noise intensity.
A neural network based automatic road signs recognizer
2003
Automatic road sign recognition systems are aimed at detection and recognition of one or more road signs from real-world color images. In this research, road signs are detected and extracted from real world scenes on the basis of their color and shape features. A dynamic region growing technique is adopted to enhance color segmentation results obtained in the HSV color space. The technique is based on a dynamic threshold that reduces the effect of hue instability in real scenes due to external brightness variation. Classification is then performed on extracted candidate regions using multilayer perceptron neural networks. The obtained results show good detection and recognition rates of the…
Best not to bet on the horserace: A comment on Forrin and MacLeod (2017) and a relevant stimulus-response compatibility view of colour-word contingen…
2018
International audience; One powerfully robust method for the study of human contingency learning is the colour-word contingency learning paradigm. In this task, participants respond to the print colour of neutral words, each of which is presented most often in one colour. The contingencies between words and colours are learned, as indicated by faster and more accurate responses when words are presented in their expected colour relative to an unexpected colour. In a recent report, Forrin and MacLeod (2017b, Memory & Cognition) asked to what extent this performance (i.e., response time) measure of learning might depend on the relative speed of processing of the word and the colour. With keypr…
The Mona Lisa effect: Neural correlates of centered and off-centered gaze
2014
The Mona Lisa effect describes the phenomenon when the eyes of a portrait appear to look at the observer regardless of the observer's position. Recently, the metaphor of a cone of gaze has been proposed to describe the range of gaze directions within which a person feels looked at. The width of the gaze cone is about five degrees of visual angle to either side of a given gaze direction. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate how the brain regions involved in gaze direction discrimination would differ between centered and decentered presentation positions of a portrait exhibiting eye contact. Subjects observed a given portrait's eyes. By presenting portraits with varyin…
Is it Quantum Sentience or Quantum Consciousness? A Review of Social Behaviours Observed in Primitive and Present-Day Microorganisms
2015
Social and intelligent behavioural designs have been observed in primitive and present day microorganisms in all three kingdoms of life. These behavioural patterns help microorganisms, to understand, evaluate and judge their constantly varying environment. Behaviour is represented as conscious moment, which occurs due to an event, which may be intentional or unintentional. Microorganisms have the capability of displaying behaviours, which can be compared to cognitive actions of the neural system in higher organisms. This review is a collection of social behaviours observed in present-day microorganisms as well as predicted behaviours in microfossils that have been studied so far. The intent…