Search results for "Neuroblast"

A Comprehensive Tissue Microarray-Based FISH Screen of ALK Gene in Neuroblastomas

2011

The heterogeneity of neuroblastic tumors added to the immense biological complexity has led to an unprecedented scale of investigations and a growing list of molecular genetic targets for prognosis as well as therapy. Recently, Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) has been identified as a major predisposing gene as well as a potential therapeutic target for neuroblastoma. Individuals with ALK-related neuroblastoma susceptibility (i.e., heterozygous for an ALK mutation) are at risk of developing neuroblastic tumors. Aberrant copy number or mutations in ALK gene and overexpression of its protein tyrosine-kinase receptor have been related to poor prognosis of this disease, although a great degree …

MBP-1 represses N-MYC expression and acts as a tumor suppressor in human Neuroblastoma LAN-5 cells

2013

Neuroblastoma is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor of childhood, originated from cells of the neural crest. Amplification of N-MYC gene and 1p-deletion are found in more than 30% of patients with advanced stages and they are associated with poor prognosis. An alternative translated product of the ENO1 gene, known as MBP-1 (c-myc promoter binding protein-1), acts as a negative regulator of the c-MYC oncogene, ERBB2 and COX-2 genes, furthermore, ENO1/MBP-1 overexpression in Neuroblastoma cells significantly reduces cell growth and induces apoptosis. Even though there are similarities between the c-MYC and N-MYC oncogenes, there are no evidences that MBP-1 is able to interact with N-MY…

MBP-1 reprime l’espressione di N-MYC e svolge il ruolo di oncosoppressore in cellule di Neuroblastoma umano LAN5

2013

Il Neuroblastoma, derivato da cellule neurali simpatiche primitive, è il tumore solido extracranico più comune dell'infanzia. L'amplificazione del gene N-MYC insieme a delezioni nel cromosoma 1p36, sono i marcatori molecolari più frequenti nel Neuroblastoma e sono associati a cattiva prognosi. MBP-1, prodotto alternativo della traduzione dell'mRNA del gene ENO1, è un repressore trascrizionale e agisce direttamente sul promotore dei geni c-MYC, ERBB2 e COX2 (1-3). In cellule di Neuroblastoma è stato osservato che l'espressione ectopica di ENO1/MBP-1 causa induzione di apoptosi e morte cellulare (4). Sebbene esistano similarità di struttura e funzionali tra i geni N-MYC e c-MYC non è noto se …

CURCUMIN ENTRAPPED INTO LIPID NANOSYSTEMS IMPROVES INHIBITION OF NEUROBLASTOMA CANCER CELL GROWTH ACTIVATING HSP70 PROTEIN

2010

Autoantibodies in complex regional pain syndrome bind to a differentiation-dependent neuronal surface autoantigen.

2009

Complex regional pain syndrome, which is characterised by pain and trophic disturbances, develops frequently after peripheral limb trauma. There is an increasing evidence of an involvement of the immune system in CRPS, and recently we showed that CRPS patients have autoantibodies against nervous system structures. Therefore we tested the sera of CRPS patients, neuropathy patients and healthy volunteers for surface-binding autoantibodies to primary cultures of autonomic neurons and differentiated neuroblastoma cell lines using flow cytometry. Thirteen of 30 CRPS patients, but none of 30 healthy controls and only one of the 20 neuropathy sera had specific surface binding to autonomic neurons …

Ems and Nkx6 are central regulators in dorsoventral patterning of the Drosophila brain

2009

In central nervous system development, the identity of neural stem cells (neuroblasts) critically depends on the precise spatial patterning of the neuroectoderm in the dorsoventral (DV) axis. Here, we uncover a novel gene regulatory network underlying DV patterning in the Drosophila brain, and show that the cephalic gap gene empty spiracles (ems) and the Nk6 homeobox gene (Nkx6) encode key regulators. The regulatory network implicates novel interactions between these and the evolutionarily conserved homeobox genes ventral nervous system defective (vnd), intermediate neuroblasts defective (ind) and muscle segment homeobox (msh). We show that Msh cross-repressively interacts with Nkx6 to sust…

Identity, origin, and migration of peripheral glial cells in the Drosophila embryo.

2008

Glial cells are crucial for the proper development and function of the nervous system. In the Drosophila embryo, the glial cells of the peripheral nervous system are generated both by central neuroblasts and sensory organ precursors. Most peripheral glial cells need to migrate along axonal projections of motor and sensory neurons to reach their final positions in the periphery. Here we studied the spatial and temporal pattern, the identity, the migration, and the origin of all peripheral glial cells in the truncal segments of wildtype embryos. The establishment of individual identities among these cells is reflected by the expression of a combinatorial code of molecular markers. This allows…

The columnar gene vnd is required for tritocerebral neuromere formation during embryonic brain development of Drosophila.

2006

International audience; In Drosophila, evolutionarily conserved transcription factors are required for the specification of neural lineages along the anteroposterior and dorsoventral axes, such as Hox genes for anteroposterior and columnar genes for dorsoventral patterning. In this report, we analyse the role of the columnar patterning gene ventral nervous system defective (vnd) in embryonic brain development. Expression of vnd is observed in specific subsets of cells in all brain neuromeres. Loss-of-function analysis focussed on the tritocerebrum shows that inactivation of vnd results in regionalized axonal patterning defects, which are comparable with the brain phenotype caused by mutatio…

Netrins guide migration of distinct glial cells in the Drosophila embryo

2010

Development of the nervous system and establishment of complex neuronal networks require the concerted activity of different signalling events and guidance cues, which include Netrins and their receptors. In Drosophila, two Netrins are expressed during embryogenesis by cells of the ventral midline and serve as attractant or repellent cues for navigating axons. We asked whether glial cells, which are also motile, are guided by similar cues to axons, and analysed the influence of Netrins and their receptors on glial cell migration during embryonic development. We show that in Netrin mutants, two distinct populations of glial cells are affected: longitudinal glia (LG) fail to migrate medially …

Segment-specific requirements for dorsoventral patterning genes during early brain development in Drosophila.

2006

An initial step in the development of the Drosophila central nervous system is the delamination of a stereotype population of neural stem cells (neuroblasts, NBs) from the neuroectoderm. Expression of the columnar genes ventral nervous system defective (vnd), intermediate neuroblasts defective (ind) and muscle segment homeobox (msh) subdivides the truncal neuroectoderm(primordium of the ventral nerve cord) into a ventral, intermediate and dorsal longitudinal domain, and has been shown to play a key role in the formation and/or specification of corresponding NBs. In the procephalic neuroectoderm(pNE, primordium of the brain), expression of columnar genes is highly complex and dynamic, and th…