Search results for "Neuroblast"
showing 10 items of 348 documents
Abstract A02: Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: Clinically relevant models for drug testing
2016
Abstract Widespread metastasis is a major problem for the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma. Relevant neuroblastoma animal models are hence needed to study and target high-risk metastatic neuroblastoma. We developed neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDXs) using viably cryopreserved or fresh patient neuroblastoma fragments which were implanted orthotopically into immunodeficient NSG mice. Immunohistochemistry showed that PDXs retain neuroblastoma markers and a highly infiltrative growth pattern. Importantly, we found distant metastasis to lungs, liver and bone marrow. Single nucleotide polymorphism array analysis confirmed that PDXs maintain patient-specific chromosomal…
Abstract B23: Neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts: Clinically relevant models for drug testing
2016
Abstract Background: We previously established neuroblastoma patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDXs) by implanting patient neuroblastoma fragments into immunodeficient NSG mice. SNP array analysis confirmed that PDXs maintain patient-specific chromosomal aberrations 1p del, MYCN amp and 17q gain. Immunohistochemistry showed that PDXs retain neuroblastoma markers and a highly infiltrative growth pattern. Importantly, we found spontaneous distant metastasis to lungs, liver and bone marrow. In vitro cultures established from the PDXs express neuroblastoma markers and retain their tumorigenic and metastatic ability in vivo after orthotopic injection. Methods and Results: Given the importan…
Abstract 495: Amplification of chromosomal regions 12q13-14 and 12q15 defines a distinct subgroup of high-risk neuroblastoma patients and is associat…
2015
Abstract Neuroblastoma is a pediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system with wide heterogeneity regarding clinobiological subtypes, ranging from patients with tumors of spontaneous regression to patients with aggressive tumors with fatal outcome despite multimodal treatment. MYCN-amplification and 11q-deletion are important, although incomplete, markers of high-risk neuroblastoma. Thus, characterization of additional genomic alterations that can be used as prognostic and/or predictive markers is of clinical importance in order to provide best possible treatment. From genomic profiles generated through high-density SNP microarrays we identified a group of neuroblastomas (14 primary tu…
Children may not benefit from neuroblastoma screening at 1 year of age. Updated results of the population based controlled trial in Germany
2003
Neuroblastoma is the second most frequent malignancy in childhood. We investigated whether screening for neuroblastoma at 1 year of age reduces the incidence of metastatic disease or mortality. Screening was offered in 6 of the 16 German states from 1995 to 2000 with the remaining states serving as controls. We studied 2,581,188 children in the screening area born between 1994 and 1999 and 2,117,600 in the control area. We compared mortality from neuroblastoma and the incidence of disseminated disease in the two groups. The screened group and the control group had similar rates of stage 4 neuroblastoma and mortality due to neuroblastoma. Comparison of the screened group and the control area…
Estrogen receptor α regulates non-canonical autophagy that provides stress resistance to neuroblastoma and breast cancer cells and involves BAG3 func…
2015
AbstractBreast cancer is a heterogeneous disease and approximately 70% of newly diagnosed breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive. Out of the two ER types, α and β, ERα is the only ER that is detectable by immunohistochemistry in breast cancer biopsies and is the predominant subtype expressed in breast tumor tissue. ER-positive tumors are currently treated with anti-hormone therapy to inhibit ER signaling. It is well known that breast cancer cells can develop endocrine resistance and resistance to anti-hormone therapy and this can be facilitated via the autophagy pathway, but so far the description of a detailed autophagy expression profile of ER-positive cancer cells is missing.…
Neuroblastoma with MYCN amplification plus 11q deletion: immunohistochemical expression of angiogenic factors
2010
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an extra-cranial solid neoplasm in childhood. Genetic markers as MYCN amplification (MNA) and deletion of 11q (11q ) are considered factors with an adverse prognosis. Usually, an inverse relationship between MNA and 11q is found. Approximately 13% of the MNA cases present with 11q . These cases show a dramatic decline in survival rates. Hypoxia-inducible factor-2a (HIF-2a) protein expression has been described as an indicator of poor outcome, has been correlated with an aggressive phenotype in NB, and serves as a marker for stem cell-like phenotypes. Additionally, HIF-2a positive cells strongly express vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and, as such, could be in…
SuperHistopath: A Deep Learning Pipeline for Mapping Tumor Heterogeneity on Low-Resolution Whole-Slide Digital Histopathology Images.
2021
High computational cost associated with digital pathology image analysis approaches is a challenge towards their translation in routine pathology clinic. Here, we propose a computationally efficient framework (SuperHistopath), designed to map global context features reflecting the rich tumor morphological heterogeneity. SuperHistopath efficiently combines i) a segmentation approach using the linear iterative clustering (SLIC) superpixels algorithm applied directly on the whole-slide images at low resolution (5x magnification) to adhere to region boundaries and form homogeneous spatial units at tissue-level, followed by ii) classification of superpixels using a convolution neural network (CN…
Prognostic value of International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification in localized resectable peripheral neuroblastic tumors: a histopathologic st…
2006
Purpose To assess the prognostic value of clinical, biologic, and morphologic data in peripheral neuroblastic tumors, International Neuroblastoma Staging System (INSS) stages 2A and 2B MYCN nonamplified, a multinational protocol entitled Localized Neuroblastoma European Study Group trial 94.01, with a trial of surgery as the only treatment, was initiated in 1995. We present the prognostic value of the revised International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (INPC) applied to the patients included in this protocol until its closure in 1999. Materials and Methods A total of 120 neuroblastic tumors from trial patients were reviewed by the European International Society of Pediatric Oncolog…
Influence of segmental chromosome abnormalities on survival in children over the age of 12 months with unresectable localised peripheral neuroblastic…
2014
Background: The prognostic impact of segmental chromosome alterations (SCAs) in children older than 1 year, diagnosed with localised unresectable neuroblastoma (NB) without MYCN amplification enrolled in the European Unresectable Neuroblastoma (EUNB) protocol is still to be clarified, while, for other group of patients, the presence of SCAs is associated with poor prognosis. Methods: To understand the role of SCAs we performed multilocus/pangenomic analysis of 98 tumour samples from patients enrolled in the EUNB protocol. Results: Age at diagnosis was categorised into two groups using 18 months as the age cutoff. Significant difference in the presence of SCAs was seen in tumours of patients…
Biotensegrity of the Extracellular Matrix: Physiology, Dynamic Mechanical Balance, and Implications in Oncology and Mechanotherapy
2014
Cells have the capacity to convert mechanical stimuli into chemical changes. This process is based on the tensegrity principle, a mechanism of tensional integrity. To date, this principle has been demonstrated to act in physiological processes such as mechanotransduction and mechanosensing at different scales (from cell sensing through integrins to molecular mechanical interventions or even localized massage). The process involves intra- and extracellular components, including the participation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and microtubules that act as compression structures, and actin filaments which act as tension structures. The nucleus itself has its own tensegrity system which is impli…