Search results for "Neuron"

Current Status on the Functional Characterization of Chemosensory Receptors of Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

2018

Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) is a major pest of apple, pear and walnuts. For its control, alternative strategies targeting the olfactory system, like mating disruption, have been combined with insecticide applications. The efficacy of these strategies headed the direction of efforts for the functional characterization of codling moth chemosensory receptors to implement further control methods based on chemical sensing. With the advent of transcriptomic analysis, partial and full-length coding sequences of chemosensory receptors have been identified in antennal transcriptomes of C. pomonella. Extension of partial coding sequences to full-length by polymerase chain reaction (PCR…

Bidirectional cell-matrix interaction dictates neuronal network formation in a brain-mimetic 3D scaffold

2022

Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) derived neurons are emerging as a powerful tool for studying neurobiology, disease pathology, and modeling. Due to the lack of platforms available for housing and growing hPSC-derived neurons, a pressing need exists to tailor a brain-mimetic 3D scaffold that recapitulates tissue composition and favourably regulates neuronal network formation. Despite the progress in engineering biomimetic scaffolds, an ideal brain-mimetic scaffold is still elusive. We bioengineered a physiologically relevant 3D scaffold by integrating brain-like extracellular matrix (ECM) components and chemical cues. Culturing hPSCs-neurons in hyaluronic acid (HA) gels and HA-chondroitin…

Influence of common landmarks between real and virtual worlds on presence feeling

2020

International audience

In vitro models of blood-brain barrier and application in the study of the multiple sclerosis

2008

La ricerca sul campo come extraordinary experience. Una proposta di ricerca multidisciplinare

2010

Reflexive criticism focused its attention on writing texts, neglecting the experience of observation, on which the practice of field research is built, and it rarely paid attention to the experience of researchers. The triple relationship established between the anthropologist, the world and the “other” reveals the deep interrelation between the three levels of this “complex isotopy”. This essay addresses the problem of how a person can interact with another within the ethnographic practice. Ethnographic research doesn’t consist only in dialogues but also in bodily experiences that have a key role in the production of ethnographic representations. Experiential anthropologists believe that w…

Distribution and projections of nitric oxide synthase neurons in the rodent superior olivary complex.

2000

The superior olivary complex (SOC), a group of interrelated brainstem nuclei, sends efferents to a variety of neuronal structures including the cochlea and the inferior colliculus. The present review describes data obtained from rodents providing evidence that the gaseous, short-living neuroactive substance nitric oxide (NO) is produced in the SOC. The NO-synthesizing enzyme neuronal NO-synthase (nNOS) has been localized by means of several methods including histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Perikarya containing nNOS were found in several nuclei of the SOC. Their largest numbers and percentages of total cells were observed in the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body. Stained terminal…

Capsaicin desensitization in vivo is inhibited by ruthenium red.

1990

The effect of systemic administration of Ruthenium Red on the excitatory and desensitizing effect of capsaicin was investigated in rats. Ruthenium Red was injected s.c. 30 min before capsaicin was administered. The excitatory effect of capsaicin on corneal, perivascular and visceral afferents was not influenced by treatment with Ruthenium Red. However, determination of the neuropeptide content and evoked neuropeptide release in peripheral organs and dorsal spinal cord 48 h after treatment showed that Ruthenium Red attenuated the 'desensitizing' effect of capsaicin at peripheral, but not at central, endings of primary afferents. On the other hand, a capsaicin-elicited autonomic reflex mediat…

Glucose excites hypothalamic neurons through the activation of Transient Receptor Potential Canonical (TRPC) channels

2015

International audience

Monitorización IoT para la caracterización acústica del paisaje sonoro mediante aprendizaje profundo

2022

El sonido que nos rodea forma lo que denominamos paisaje sonoro o soundscape y ha ido ganando interés con los años al estudiarse su efecto bajo el prisma de diferentes campos de investigación tanto biológicos como físicos, como la medicina, la antropología, la arquitectura o la ecología. El paisaje sonoro es fundamental para el confort, la vida y al fin y al cabo la salud de los habitantes de un entorno, por lo que analizarlo y describirlo de una manera objetiva mediante parámetros cuantificables tiene una gran importancia. Para ello se definen diversos parámetros acústicos que se emplean en función del soundscape que se desee estudiar o del tipo de análisis a realizar. Algunos de estos par…

Exciting Complexity: The Role of Motor Circuit Elements in ALS Pathophysiology

2020

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease, characterized by the degeneration of both upper and lower motor neurons. Despite decades of research, we still to date lack a cure or disease modifying treatment, emphasizing the need for a much-improved insight into disease mechanisms and cell type vulnerability. Altered neuronal excitability is a common phenomenon reported in ALS patients, as well as in animal models of the disease, but the cellular and circuit processes involved, as well as the causal relevance of those observations to molecular alterations and final cell death, remain poorly understood. Here, we review evidence from clinical studies, cell type-specific electrophysi…